Thomas Hampson |

Thomas Hampson

Muimbi weAmerica, mumwe weakanyanya kujeka baritones enguva yedu. Muimbi akasarudzika weVerdi repertoire, muturikiri akajeka wemumhanzi wemumhanzi wekamuri, anoyemura mimhanzi yevanyori vemazuva ano, mudzidzisi - Hampson aripo mune gumi nevaviri revanhu. Thomas Hampson anotaura nezve zvese izvi uye zvimwe zvakawanda kumutori wenhau Gregorio Moppi.

Rinenge gore rapfuura, EMI yakaburitsa CD rako nemarekodhi earias kubva kuVerdi's operas. Zvinoda kuziva kuti Orchestra yeZera reKuvhenekera inoperekedza iwe.

Uku hakusi kutsvaga kwekutengesa, ingorangarira kuti ndakaimba zvakadii naHarnocourt! Nhasi kune tsika yekuita mimhanzi ye operatic pasina kufunga zvakanyanya pamusoro pechokwadi chezvinyorwa, nezvemweya waro chaiwo uye nezvehunyanzvi hwaivepo panguva yekuonekwa kwechinyorwa. Chinangwa chedhisiki yangu ndechekudzokera kune ruzha rwepakutanga, kune zvakadzika zvinoreva izvo Verdi akaisa mumhanzi wake. Pane maconcepts pamusoro pemaitiro ake andisingagovere. Semuenzaniso, stereotype ye "Verdi baritone". Asi Verdi, shasha, haana kusika mavara ehunhu, asi akatsanangura zvirevo zvepfungwa zvinogara zvichichinja: nekuti opera yega yega ine mabviro ayo uye protagonist yega yega inopihwa hunhu hwakasiyana, mavara ake ezwi. Ndiani uyu "Verdi baritone": Baba vaJeanne d'Arc, Count di Luna, Montfort, Marquis di Posa, Iago… ndeupi wavo? Imwe nyaya ndeye legato: nguva dzakasiyana dzekugadzira, mavara akasiyana. Verdi ine mhando dzakasiyana dze legato, pamwe nehuwandu husingagumi hwepiyano, pianissimo, mezzo-forte. Tora Count di Luna. Isu tese tinoziva kuti uyu munhu akaoma, ane dambudziko: uye zvakadaro, panguva yeari Il balen del suo sorriso, ari murudo, azere neshungu. Panguva iyi ari ega. Uye anoimba chii? Serenade inoda kuyevedza kupfuura Don Juan's serenade Deh, vieni alla finestra. Ini ndinotaura zvese izvi kwete nekuti yangu Verdi ndiyo yakanakisa pane zvese zvinogoneka, ini ndinongoda kuburitsa pfungwa yangu.

Chii chako Verdi repertoire?

Iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Gore rakapera muZurich ndakaimba Macbeth yangu yekutanga. MuVienna muna 2002 ndinotora chikamu mukugadzirwa kutsva naSimon Boccanegra. Aya matanho akakosha. NaClaudio Abbado ndichanyora chikamu cheFord muFalstaff, naNikolaus Harnoncourt Amonasro muAida. Zvinoita sekusekesa, handiti? Harnocourt ichirekodha Aida! Handina kufadzwa nemuimbi anoimba zvinoyevedza, nemazvo, nemazvo. Zvinoda kusundwa nehunhu hwemunhu. Izvi zvinodikanwa naVerdi. Chokwadi, hapana Verdi soprano yakakwana, Verdi baritone yakakwana… Ndaneta nezvikamu izvi zviri nyore uye zviri nyore. “Munofanira kuvheneka hupenyu huri matiri, pachikuva tiri vanhu. Tine mweya, "vatambi veVerdi vanotiudza. Kana, mushure memasekonzi makumi matatu emimhanzi yaDon Carlos, iwe haunzwi kutya, usinganzwi ukuru hwezviverengero izvi, saka chimwe chinhu chakashata. Basa remunyori nderekuzvibvunza kuti sei hunhu hwaari kududzira huchiita seanoita, kusvika pakunzwisisa kuti hupenyu hwemutambi hwakamira sei kunze kwedariro.

Iwe unofarira Don Carlos muFrench kana Italian vhezheni?

Ndaisada kusarudza pakati pavo. Ehe, iyo yega Verdi opera iyo inofanirwa kugara ichiimbwa muchiFrench iSicilian Vespers, nekuti kushandura kwayo kwechiItalian hakusi kuoneka. Chese chinyorwa chaDon Carlos chakaumbwa muchiFrench naVerdi. Mimwe mitsara inonzi inowanzoita Italian. Kwete, uku kukanganisa. Uyu mutsara wechiFrench. Iyo yekuItaly Don Carlos iopera yakanyorwa patsva: vhezheni yechiFrench iri padyo nemutambo waSchiller, iyo auto-da-fé chiitiko chakakwana mumutauro weItaly.

Chii chaungataure pamusoro pekushandurwa kweiyo baritone yechikamu chaWerther?

Ngwarira, Massenet haana kufambisa chikamu, asi akachinyora zvakare kuna Mattia Battistini. Uyu Werther ari padyo kune manic depressive romantic Goethe. Mumwe munhu anofanira kuisa opera mune iyi vhezheni muItaly, chingave chiitiko chaicho munyika yetsika.

Uye Chiremba Faust Busoni?

Iyi inyanzvi yakakanganwika kwenguva yakareba, opera inobata matambudziko makuru ehupenyu hwevanhu.

Wakaita mabasa mangani?

Handizivi: pakutanga kwebasa rangu, ndakaimba nhamba huru yezvikamu zviduku. Semuenzaniso, kutamba kwangu kwekutanga kuEurope kwakaitika semutambi muopera raPoulenc Breasts of Tiresias. Mazuva ano, hausi tsika pakati pevechiduku kutanga nemabasa maduku, vozonyunyuta kuti basa ravo rakanga rakanyanya kupfupika! Ndine debuts kusvika 2004. Ndakatoimba Onegin, Hamlet, Athanael, Amfortas. Ndingada zvikuru kudzokera kumitambo yakadai saPelléas naMélisande naBilly Budd.

Ndakawana fungidziro yekuti nziyo dzaWolf hadzina kubatanidzwa kubva kune yako Lied repertoire…

Zvinondishamisa kuti muItaly mumwe munhu anogona kufarira izvi. Chero zvazvingava, chiitiko chegore raWolf chiri kuuya nokukurumidza, uye mimhanzi yake ichanzwika kakawanda zvokuti vanhu vachati "Zvakwana, ngatiendei kuMahler". Ndakaimba Mahler pakutanga kwebasa rangu, ndokubva ndamuisa parutivi. Asi ndichadzokera kwairi muna 2003, pamwe chete naBarenboim.

Zhizha rapfuura wakaita muSalzburg nechirongwa chekonzati…

Nhetembo dzeAmerica dzakakwezva pfungwa dzevanyori vekuAmerica neEurope. Pakati pepfungwa yangu chido chekupa zvakare kune veruzhinji nziyo idzi, kunyanya dzakaimbwa nevaimbi vekuEurope, kana vekuAmerica vanogara kuEurope. Ndiri kushanda purojekiti hombe neLibhurari yeCongress yekuongorora tsika dzeAmerica kuburikidza nehukama pakati penhetembo nemimhanzi. Isu hatina Schubert, Verdi, Brahms, asi kune tsika dzetsika dzinowanzo pindirana neakakosha mafungu muhuzivi, nehondo dzakanyanya kukosha dzedemocracy yenyika. MuUnited States, kune kutangazve pashoma napashoma kwefariro mugamuchidzanwa renziyo rakanga risingazivikanwi chose chose kutozosvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura.

Ndeapi maonero ako pamusoro paBernstein munyori?

Makore gumi nemashanu kubva zvino, Lenny achayeukwa zvakanyanya semunyori kupfuura semuimbi mukuru weorchestra.

Zvakadini nemimhanzi yemazuva ano?

Ndine mazano anonakidza emimhanzi yemazuva ano. Inondikwezva nekusingaperi, kunyanya mimhanzi yekuAmerica. Uku kunzwirana tsitsi, kunoratidzwa nenyaya yekuti vanyori vakawanda vakanyora, vari kunyora uye vachandinyorera. Semuenzaniso, ndine chirongwa chakabatana naLuciano Berio. Ndinofunga kuti mhedzisiro yacho ichave kutenderera kwenziyo dzinoperekedzwa ne orchestra.

Hausi iwe wakafuridzira Berio kuronga orchestra maviri kutenderera kwaMahler, Fruhe Lieder?

Ichi hachisi chokwadi zvachose. Mamwe eVanyepa, aine piyano inoperekedzwa neiye mudiki Mahler, iyo Berio akaronga orchestra, yaitovepo muzvinyorwa zvemunyori zvezviridzwa. Berio achangopedza basa, asina kubata mutsara wezwi wepakutanga kana nepadiki. Ndakabata mhanzi iyi muna 1986 pandakaimba nziyo shanu dzekutanga. Kwapera gore, Berio akaronga zvimwe zvidimbu zvishomanana uye, sezvo taitova noukama hwokushandira pamwe, akandikumbira kuti ndidziimbe.

Uri mukudzidzisa. Vanoti vaimbi vakuru vemangwana vachabva kuAmerica…

Handisati ndanzwa nezvazvo, pamwe nekuti ini ndinodzidzisa muEurope! Kutaura chokwadi, handisi kufarira kwavanobva, kubva kuItaly, America kana Russia, nokuti handitendi mukuvapo kwezvikoro zvenyika, asi zvakasiyana-siyana uye tsika, kushamwaridzana kunopa muimbi, chero kwaanobva. , maturusi anodiwa kuti apinde zvakanakisisa mune zvaanoimba. Chinangwa changu ndechekuwana kuenzana pakati pemweya, manzwiro uye maitiro emuviri wemudzidzi. Zvechokwadi, Verdi haigoni kuimbwa saWagner, uye Cola Porter saHugo Wolf. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti uzive miganhu uye mimvuri yemutauro wega wega waunoimba mauri, izvo zvinotaridzika zvetsika yevatambi vaunosvika, kuti ugone kuburitsa manzwiro ayo munyori anoburitsa mumutauro wake. Semuenzaniso, Tchaikovsky anonyanya kunetseka nekutsvaga nguva yakanaka yemimhanzi kupfuura Verdi, ane kufarira, pane zvinopesana, kunotarisana nekutsanangura chimiro, pakutaura kunoshamisa, kwaakagadzirira, zvichida, kupa runako rwe. chirevo. Nei musiyano uyu uchimuka? Chimwe chezvikonzero mutauro: inozivikanwa kuti mutauro weRussia unonyanya kuzvikudza.

Basa rako muItaly?

Kuridza kwangu kwekutanga muItaly kwaiva muna 1986, ndichiimba The Magic Horn of the Boy Mahler muTrieste. Ipapo, gore rakatevera, akapindawo mukuridza konzati yeLa bohème muRome, yakaitiswa naBernstein. Handifi ndakazvikanganwa. Gore rakapera ndakaimba muOratorio yaMendelssohn inonzi Elijah muFlorence.

Zvakadini nemitambo yemimhanzi?

Kutora chikamu mumitambo yeopera hakuna kupihwa. Italy inofanirwa kuchinjika kune rhythms umo nyika yese inoshanda. MuItaly, mazita ari pamapepa anotsanangurwa panguva yekupedzisira, uye kunze kwekuti, zvichida, ndinodhura zvakanyanya, ndinoziva kupi uye mune zvandichaimba muna 2005. Handina kumboimba paLa Scala, asi nhaurirano. dziri kuitika maererano nekutora chikamu kwangu mune imwe yemitambo inovhura mwaka unotevera.

Hurukuro naT. Hampson yakabudiswa mumagazini yeAmadeus (2001) Kubudiswa uye shanduro kubva kuItaly naIrina Sorokina