Nikolaus Harnoncourt |

Nicholas Harnocourt

Nikolaus Harnoncourt, conductor, cellist, muzivi uye musicologist, mumwe weakakosha manhamba muhupenyu hwemimhanzi hweEurope uye pasirese.

Count Johann Nicolaus de la Fontaine na d'Harnoncourt - Vasingatyi (Johann Nicolaus Graf de la Fontaine und d'Harnoncourt-Unverzagt) - mwana weimwe yemhuri dzinokudzwa zvikuru muEurope. Iwo macrusader knights uye vadetembi, vamiriri uye vezvematongerwo enyika vemhuri yeHarnocourt vakaita basa rakakosha munhoroondo yeEurope kubva muzana ramakore re14. Padivi raamai, Arnoncourt ine hukama nemhuri yeHabsburg, asi kondakita mukuru haafungi kuti kwaakabva kuve chinhu chakakosha. Akazvarwa muBerlin, akakurira muGraz, akadzidza muSalzburg neVienna.

Antipodes Karayana

Hafu yekutanga yehupenyu hwemimhanzi yaNikolaus Harnocourt yakapfuura pasi pechiratidzo chaHerbert von Karajan. Muna 1952, Karajan pachake akakoka cellist ane makore makumi maviri nematatu kuti abatane neVienna Symphony Orchestra (Wiener Symphoniker) ndokuzotungamirwa naye. "Ndakanga ndiri mumwe wevane makumi mana vakakwikwidza pachigaro ichi," Harnoncourt akayeuka. “Karayan akabva angondiona ndokuzevezera kumutungamiriri wevaimbi, achiti izvi zvakakodzera kutorerwa nokuda kwemaitiro aanoita.”

Makore aakapedza ari muorchestra akava akamuomera zvikuru muupenyu hwake (akangorega muna 1969, apo, pazera remakore makumi mana, akatanga basa rakakomba somutyairi). Gwaro rakatevedzwa naKarajan maererano naHarnoncourt, mukwikwidzi, sezviri pachena achiona maari mukundi weramangwana, anogona kunzi kutambudzwa kwakarongeka: semuenzaniso, akaisa mamiriro muSalzburg neVienna: "ini, kana iye."

Consentus Musiusikus: chamber revolution

Muna 1953, Nikolaus Harnoncourt nemudzimai wake Alice, mutambi weviolin muokestra imwe chete, uye dzimwe shamwari dzakawanda dzakatanga boka reConcentus Musicus Wien. Iyo ensemble, iyo kwemakore makumi maviri ekutanga yakaungana kuti idzokorore mukamuri yekudhirowa yeArnoncourts, yakatanga kuyedza nekurira: zviridzwa zvekare zvakarendwa kubva kumamyuziyamu, zvibodzwa uye zvimwe zviwanikwa zvakadzidzwa.

Uye zvechokwadi: "inofinha" mimhanzi yekare yakanzwika nenzira itsva. Maitiro matsva akapa hupenyu hutsva kune dzakakanganwa uye dzakawandisa nziyo. Maitiro ake echimurenga e "dudziro yenhoroondo ine ruzivo" yakamutsazve mimhanzi yeRenaissance neBaroque eras. "Mumhanzi wega wega unoda ruzha rwayo", ndiyo credo yaHarnocourt muimbi. Baba vechokwadi, iye pachake haamboshandisi shoko pasina.

Bach, Beethoven, Gershwin

Arnoncourt anofunga pasi rose, mapurojekiti akakosha zvikuru aakaita mukubatana nemaokestra makuru epasi rose anosanganisira Beethoven symphony cycle, Monteverdi opera cycle, Bach cantata cycle (pamwe chete naGustav Leonhard). Harnoncourt ndiye muturikiri wekutanga weVerdi neJanacek. Iye "mutsidziri" wemimhanzi yekutanga, pazuva rake rekuzvarwa makumi masere akazvipa mutambi weGershwin's Porgy naBess.

Munyori wehupenyu hwaHarnocourt Monica Mertl akambonyora kuti iye, segamba raanofarira Don Quixote, anoita seanogara achizvibvunza mubvunzo: "Zvakanaka, chii chinotevera?"

Anastasia Rakhmanova, dw.com