Nadezhda Iosifovna Golubovskaya |

Nadezhda Golubovskaya

Mumakore echimurenga chisati chavapo, vairidza piyano vakapedza kudzidza paSt. Petersburg Conservatory vakakwikwidza kuti vave nekodzero yokugamuchira mubayiro weAnton Rubinstein. Saka maiva muna 1914. Tichirangarira izvi. S. Prokofiev akanyora gare gare, kuti: “Mukwikwidzi wangu mukuru akanga ari Golubovskaya wekirasi yaLyapunov, muimbi wepiyano akachenjera uye akajeka.” Uye kunyange zvazvo mubairo wakapiwa kuna Prokofiev, chokwadi chaicho chekukwikwidzana nepiyano yakadaro yekirasi yekutanga (pamwe chete nekuongorora kwake) inotaura zvakawanda. Glazunov akataurawo nezve kugona kwemudzidzi, uyo akanyora zvinotevera mujenari rebvunzo: "Unyanzvi hukuru uye panguva imwe chete tarenda remumhanzi. Kutamba kuzere kwakasiyana, nyasha uye kunyange kurudziro. " Mukuwedzera kuna Lyapunov, AA Rozanova aivawo mudzidzisi weGolubovskaya. Akawana zvidzidzo zvepachivande zvakati wandei kubva kuAN Esipova.

Kuita kwemupiyano mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory kwakagadzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Atova ake ekutanga akazvimirira clavierabend muchirimo cha1917 (chirongwa ichi chaisanganisira Bach, Vivaldi, Rameau, Couperin, Debussy, Ravel, Glazunov, Lyapunov, Prokofiev) akawana wongororo yakanaka kubva kuna V. Karatygin, akawana mukutamba kwaGolubovskaya “yakawanda nhetembo dzisinganzwisisiki, manzwiro mhenyu; kujeka kukuru kwerhythmic kunosanganiswa nekunzwa kuda uye kutya. Kwete chete kutamba kwaakaita ega kwakamuunzira mukurumbira wakakura, asiwo kuridza mimhanzi yakaungana, kutanga nemuimbi Z. Lodius, uye gare gare nemuimbi weviolin M. Rayson (neyekupedzisira akaimba ese gumi eviolin sonatas yaBeethoven). Mukuwedzera, nguva nenguva aiitawo se harpsichordist, achiridza mabasa nevanyori vezana remakore rechitatu. Mimhanzi yevatenzi vekare yakagara ichikwezva kutarisa kweGolubovskaya. E. Bronfin anoti nezveizvi: “Kuva nerepertoire inosanganisira nziyo dzepiyano dzenguva dzakasiyana-siyana, zvikoro zvenyika, miitiro uye zvitayera, zvine chipo chokunyatsopinda munyika yenhetembo yomuimbi, muridzi wepiyano, zvichida, akazviratidza zvakajeka mimhanzi yevaridzi ve harpsichord veFrance, mumabasa aMozart naSchubert. Paakaridza zvidimbu naCouperin, Daquin, Rameau (pamwe chete nemhandara dzechiRungu) papiyano yemazuvano, akakwanisa kuwana mutinhimira wakasarudzika - wakajeka, wakajeka, wainzi-izwi ... kubata kwetsika uye kudzingirira nemaune kwakaunzwa mumimhanzi iyi, yakadudzira sezviratidziro zvepasirese zvizere nehupenyu, sezvidhori zvakafemerwa nedetembo, zvidhori zvemifananidzo, zvakazadzwa nehunyanzvi hwepfungwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvisungo zvakatevedzana zve harpsichordist naDebussy naRavel zvakave zvinobatika nekunyatsojeka.

Nguva pfupi mushure mekukunda kweGreat October Revolution, Golubovskaya akazviratidza kakawanda pamberi pevateereri vatsva pazvikepe, mumakirabhu emvura uye muzvipatara. Muna 1921, Leningrad Philharmonic yakarongwa, uye Golubovskaya akabva ava mumwe wevanotungamira soloists. Pamwe chete nevaimbi zvikuru, akaita pano piano Concerto Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Scriabin, Balakirev, Lyapunov. Muna 1923 Golubovskaya akashanyira Berlin. Vateereri vokuMoscow vakanga vachinyatsomuzivawo. Mukuhwirudzurwa kwakaitwa naK. Grimikh (magazini yeMuziyo neChimurenga) yeimwe yemakonzati ake muSmall Hall yeMoscow Conservatory, tinorava, kuti: “Zvinobvira bedzi zvounyanzvi zvomuimbi wepiyano zvakaganhurirwa, asi mukati mokuridza kwake, Golubovskaya akabvumikisa kuva. kuva tenzi wekirasi yekutanga uye nyanzvi yechokwadi. Chikoro chakanakisa, kugona kunoshamisa kwekunzwika, nzira yakanakisa yekufamba, pfungwa yakapusa yemaitiro, tsika huru yemimhanzi uye hunyanzvi uye kuita matarenda emuimbi - aya ndiwo maitiro eGolubovskaya.

Golubovskaya akamboti: “Ndinongoridza mimhanzi iri nani kupfuura yainoridzwa.” Kune zvese izvo, repertoire yake yaive yakafaranuka, kusanganisira akawanda echinyakare uye emazuva ano nziyo. Mozart ndiye aive munyori wake waaida. Mushure me1948, mutambi wepiyano haawanzopa makonzati, asi kana akaenda pachikuva, aiwanzotendeukira kuMozart. Achiongorora kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwomuimbi wemanyorerwo eMozart, uye basa revamwe vanyori, M. Bialik akanyora muna 1964 kuti: “Chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chinobatanidzwa murwiyo rwepiyano chinovanza zvinoratidzwa, upenyu, masangano ounyanzvi, uye chimwe nechimwe chine uzivi hwakajeka, unyanzvi. mafungiro” .

Golubovskaya akaita mupiro mukuru kuSoviet piyano pedagogy. Kubva muna 1920 akadzidzisa paLeningrad Conservatory (kubvira 1935 ari purofesa), kwaakadzidzisa varidzi vepiyano vakawanda; pakati pavo N. Shchemelinova, V. Nielsen, M. Karandasheva, A. Ugorsky, G. Talroze. E Shishko. Muna 1941-1944 Golubovskaya aiva mukuru wedhipatimendi piyano Ural Conservatory, uye muna 1945-1963 aiva consultant panguva Tallinn Conservatory. Peru yemudzidzisi anoshamisa ndiye muridzi webhuku "The Art of Pedalization" (L., 1967), inokosheswa zvakanyanya nenyanzvi.

Lit .: Bronfin ENI Glubovskaya.-L., 1978.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.