Mhando ina dzematatu uye inversions yavo

Mumhanzi utatu murwiyo unoumbwa nemanzwi matatu, akarongwa muzvikamu zvitatu. Kuti uwane katatu, unofanirwa kubatanidza zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu, asi sezvo nguva yechitatu inogona kuva yakakura kana duku, musanganiswa wezvikamu zvitatu izvi zvinogona kusiyana, uye, maererano, zvichienderana nekuumbwa, marudzi akasiyana evatatu. inogona kusiyaniswa.

Pakazara, marudzi mana ematatu anoshandiswa: makuru (kana makuru), maduku (kana maduku), akawedzera uye akaderera. Matatu ese anotaridzwa nenhamba mbiri - 5 ne3, iyo inoburitsa musimboti wechimiro chechord (triad inoumbwa nekuwedzera chikamu chechishanu nechitatu kune hwaro).

Hutatu hutatu

Hutatu hutatu hwakavakirwa pachikamu chikuru chetatu, pamusoro pacho mwana mudiki anovakwa pamusoro. Saka, kuumbwa kwepakati kwevatatu ava chikamu chikuru chetatu + chetatu chidiki. Kudoma hombe (kana zvimwe hombe) matatu, vara guru B rinoshandiswa, iro rakazara zita ndiB53.

Semuyenzaniso, kana tichida kuvaka nhatu hombe kubva ku “do”, tobva taisa parutivi hombe yechitatu “do-mi” kubva pachinyorwa ichi, tozowedzera diki kubva “mi” – “mi-sol” pa. pamusoro. Iwo matatu akabuda kubva mumanzwi anoti DO, MI uye SALT.

Kana, kana tikavaka triad yakadaro kubva ku "re", kutanga tinonyora chetatu chikuru "re f-sharp", zvino tinobatanidza duku ku "f-sharp" - "f-sharp la". Saka, iwo matatu makuru kubva ku "re" ndiwo manzwi RE, F-SHARP uye LA.

BASA ROKUITA: kuvaka nemuromo kana nekunyora, kana ridza pachiridzwa chako matatu makuru kubva kune mamwe manzwi anogona kuridzwa pamakiyi machena epiyano, kureva, kubva kuMI, FA, SOL, LA, SI.

Matatu makuru anowanikwa mumimhanzi - munziyo dzenziyo kana zvidimbu zvezviridzwa, pamwe nepiyano kana gitare accompanication, kana mumitambo yeorchestra.

Muenzaniso wakajeka wekushandiswa kwevatatu mumutinhimira werwiyo unozivikanwa kumunhu wese "Rwiyo pamusoro peCaptain" naIsaac Dunayevsky kubva mufirimu "Vana veCaptain Grant". Rangarira kwaya yakakurumbira nemashoko anoti: "Kaputeni, kaputeni, nyemwerera ..."? Saka, pamwoyo werwiyo rwake ndiko chaizvo kufamba kunodzika nekutinhira kwevatatu vatatu:

Minor triad

Pamwoyo wevatatu vadiki nhema, zvichiteerana, diki yechitatu, uye huru yakatovakwa pamusoro payo. Saka, kuumbwa kwayo kwepakati kuchave seizvi: diki yechitatu + huru yechitatu. Kusarudza vatatu vakadaro, vara guru M rinoshandiswa, uye, senguva dzose, nhamba 5 uye 3 - M53.

Kana iwe ukavaka katatu kadiki kubva "kusvika", tanga kuisa parutivi "kuE-flat" - chetatu chiduku, wobva wawedzera hombe ku "E-flat" - "E-flat G". Nekuda kweizvozvo, tinowana chord kubva kumanzwi DO, MI-FLAT uye SOL.

Mumwe muenzaniso - ngativake diki matatu kubva ku "re". Mudiki wechitatu kubva kuna “re” ndiye “re-fa”, pamwe nerechitatu kubva kuna “fa” ndi“fa-la”. Ese manzwi evatatu vanodiwa, saka, RE, FA uye LA.

BASA ROKUITA: gadzira madiki matatu kubva kumanzwi MI, FA, SOL, LA uye SI.

Iwo matatu matatu anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhanzi mumhando dzakasiyana siyana, dzimwe nguva nziyo dzinotanga nekurira kwayo. Saka, semuenzaniso, rwiyo rwerwiyo rwakakurumbira rwenguva yarwo, rwiyo "Moscow Nights" nemunyori Vasily Solovyov-Sedoy. Pakutanga, pamashoko okuti "Haanzwike mubindu ...", rwiyo runongopfuura nepakati pemanzwi evatatu vatatu:

Augmented triad

Hutatu hwakawedzerwa hunowanikwa kana zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvakabatanidzwa. Kurekodha katatu, zita rakapfupikiswa rekuti "Uv" rinoshandiswa, iyo iyo nhamba 5 uye 3 inowedzerwa, zvichiratidza kuti chord ndeyechokwadi matatu - Uv53.

Funga nezvemienzaniso. Kubva pane ruzha rwekuti "ita", iyo yakawedzera katatu inoenda pamwe chete nemanotsi DO, MI uye SOL-SHARP. Zvose zvitatu - "to mi" uye "mi sol-sharp", sezvazvinofanira kuva, zvakakura.

Kubva pane mamwe manzwi, iwe, uchitova neruzivo, unogona nyore kuvaka matatu akadaro iwe pachako, izvo zvatinokurudzira kuti uite nekukurumidza. Kuti iwe uzvitarise iwe pachako, isu tichavanza mhinduro mune spoiler ikozvino.

Augmented triad, senge yakakura uye diki, inongo shandiswa mumhanzi mune dzakawanda zviitiko. Asi nekuda kwekuti inonzwika isina kugadzikana, mabasa emimhanzi, sekutonga, usatanga nawo. Augmented triad anogona kuwanikwa kunyanya pakati perwiyo kana chidimbu chinoridzwa.

Yakaderedzwa katatu

A diminished triad ndiyo yakanyatsopesana neye augmented chord. Inoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu. Nheyo yekududza yakafanana: iyo yakapfupikiswa notation "Um" uye nhamba dzevatatu (5 uye 3) - Um53.

Kana isu tichivaka katatu yakaderedzwa kubva pazwi "kusvika", saka tinoda kuvaka nekubatanidza zvikamu zviviri zviduku: yekutanga "kuE-flat", yechipiri "E-flat G-flat". Saka, isu tine zvinotevera: ITA, MI-FLAT uye G-FLAT - aya ndiwo manzwi anoumba matatu atinoda.

Yakaderedzwa matatu kubva kumatanho makuru asara (RE, MI, FA, SOL, LA, SI) zvivake. Iwe unogona kuona mhinduro dzekuzviongorora wega mune spoiler pazasi.

Kungofanana neakawedzera katatu, iyo yakaderedzwa inonzwika yakasimba uye isina kugadzikana, saka haiwanzo shandiswa pakutanga kwechidimbu, kazhinji kacho iyi chord inogona kuwanikwa pakati kana pakupera kwerwiyo kana chidimbu chechimwe chiridzwa. .

Nzira yekudzidza sei kusiyanisa 4 marudzi evatatu nenzeve?

Muzvidzidzo zvesolfeggio muzvikoro zvemimhanzi kana makoreji, pane imwe nzira yebasa yakaita sekuongorora manzwi, apo mudzidzi anokumbirwa kufungidzira kuti ndeipi chord kana nguva iri kurira papiyano kana pane chimwe chiridzwa. Nzira yekuyeuka sei ruzha rwemhando ina dzevatatu, kuti ungadzidzira sei kusiyanisa uye kwete kuvavhiringidza kune mumwe nemumwe?

Ungave wakanzwa chirevo chokuti: “Zvinhu zvose zvinozivikanwa kana zvichienzaniswa.” Iyi pfungwa inobva kuuchenjeri hwevanhu inoshanda pano panguva yakakodzera. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuimba uye kutamba ese marudzi evatatu, kubata nemusoro ruzha rwavo uye kuona kufanana kwavo uye mutsauko.

Ngatiedzei kuratidza yega yega matatu matatu:

1. Hutatu hutatu inonzwika kuzvivimba, kupenya, kupenya.
2. Minor triad zvakare inonzwika yakagadzikana, asi nekupenya kwerima, kwakasviba.
3. Augmented triad inonzwika isina kugadzikana uye yakajeka, senge siren, inobata pfungwa.
4. Yakaderedzwa katatu zvakare inonzwika isina kugadzikana, asi, sekunge, yakanyanya kudzvanywa, yapera.

Teerera kune aya marudzi ematatu, akavakwa kubva kukurira kweRE, kakawanda uye edza kurangarira maficha emumwe nemumwe wavo.

Kudzoserwa kwematatu: yechitanhatu chord uye quartersextachord

Chero mawirirano, kusanganisira matatu, anogona kudzoserwa kumashure - ndiko kuti, nekugadzirisa zvakare manzwi kuti uwane mhando nyowani dzemakodhi. Kushandurwa kwese kunoitwa zvinoenderana nemusimboti mumwechete: ruzha rwepasi rwekutanga chord inotamiswa octave kumusoro, zvichikonzera imwe chord.

Matatu ese ane mbiri: yekutanga inonzi chord yechitanhatu, uye yechipiri inonzi yechina-yechitanhatu chord. Yechitanhatu chords inoratidzwa nenhamba 6, quarter-sextchords inotaridzwa nenhamba mbiri: 6 ne4.

Semuyenzaniso, ngatiite inversion yeiyo huru triad “do-mi-sol”. Isu tinoendesa ruzha rwepasi "ku" kune octave kumusoro, isu tinongonyora mamwe ese manzwi, tichiasiya munzvimbo dzawo. Tine chord yechitanhatu "mi-sol-do".

Iye zvino ticharidza kufona kunotevera, tichashanda nechord yechitanhatu yatakagamuchira. Isu tinofambisa ruzha rwepazasi "mi" kusvika pakati peiyo octave yakachena, tinongonyorazve mamwe manzwi. Nokudaro, tinowana kota-sextakcord kubva kumanzwi e "sol-do-mi". Uyu akanga ari wechipiri nowokupedzisira.

Kana tikaedza kukwidza imwezve nyaya, tinozodzokera kune zvatakatanga kubva. Ndokunge, kana iwe ukafambisa bass "G" octave kumusoro mu "sol-do-mi" quarter-sextakcord, unowana yakajairika "do-mi-sol" matatu. Nekudaro, isu tine chokwadi chekuti triad ine mbiri chete inversion.

Nzira yekuziva sei kupindirana kwekunyorwa kwechitanhatu chords uye quartersextachords?

Sezvo triad ine marudzi mana chete, zvinoreva kuti pachavawo nechitanhatu chords uye yechina-yechitanhatu chords imwe neimwe - huru, duku, yakawedzera uye yakaderera. Kuti uone kupindirana kwekuumbwa kwemakoreti matsva, ngativake.

Semuyenzaniso, ngatitorei matatu kubva muruzha rweMI uye nekukasira kuita yavo yekutanga neyechipiri inversion kuti vawane yechitanhatu chords uye quarter-sextchords. Zvadaro tinozoongorora machords anoguma toona kuti anosanganisirei.

Huru yechitanhatu chord uye kota yechitanhatu chord

Makuru matatu kubva kuMI, aya ndiwo manzwi eMI, SOL-SHARP uye SI. Naizvozvo, iyo huru yechitanhatu chord (B.6) ichaumbwa nemanzwi G-SHARP, SI uye MI - nenzira iyoyo. Uye kota huru-sextakcord (B.64) ichave yakagadzirwa nezvinyorwa SI, MI uye SOL-SHARP.

Nayo pachayo, matatu makuru ane zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu - makuru uye madiki, isu tatoziva izvi.

Chikamu chikuru chechitanhatu chinoumbwa nechetatu chidiki (mumuenzaniso wedu, "sol-sharp si") uye chechina chakachena ("si-mi" kufamba).

Chikamu chikuru chekota-sext chord chinotanga nechina chakakwana (manzwi e "si-mi" pazasi pechord), iyo chikamu chikuru chetatu chinobva chawedzerwa (mumuenzaniso - "mi sol-sharp").

Nokudaro, takagamuchira mutemo unotevera: B.6 = duku yechitatu + yakachena yechina; B.64 uXNUMXd chaiyo yechina + huru yetatu.

Minor yechitanhatu chord uye kota yechitanhatu chord

Katatu kadiki kubva kuMI inovakwa zvinoenderana nemanzwi MI, SOL, SI (pasina tsaona dzisina basa). Izvi zvinoreva kuti diki yechitanhatu chord (M.6) ndiwo manotsi SOL, SI, MI, uye diki quarter-sextakcord (M.64) iSI, MI, SOL.

Katatu kadiki kakaumbwa nezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu - diki "E-sol" uye yakakura "sol-si".

Chidimbu chidiki chechitanhatu chine chikamu chikuru chetatu (sol-si ruzha) uye chechina chakachena (si-mi ruzha), nepo diki kota-sext chord, pane kudaro, inotanga nechina (mumuenzaniso, "si- mi"), iyo chikamu chidiki chetatu (mumuenzaniso, aya ndiwo manzwi "mi-sol").

Nokudaro, takaona kuti: M.6 = huru yechitatu + yakachena yechina; M.64 uXNUMXd chaiyo yechina + diki retatu.

Yakawedzerwa yechitanhatu chord uye quartersextachord

Iyo yakawedzerwa katatu kubva kuMI ndiyo chord MI, G-SHARP, C-SHARP. Yechitanhatu chord yevatatu iyi iG-SHARP, B-SHARP, MI, uye kota-sext chord ndeye B-SHARP, MI, G-SHARP. Chinhu chinonakidza chezvese matatu chords ndechekuti iwo ese anonzwika seakawedzera matatu matatu (akavakirwa chete kubva kune akasiyana kurira).

Kuwedzerwa katatu, sezvatinotoziva, kunosanganisira zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu (mumuenzaniso, idzi "E G-inopinza" uye "G-yakapinza C-yakapinza").

Chikamu chechitanhatu chetatu chakawedzerwa chikamu chikuru chetatu (mumuenzaniso - "G-yakapinza C-yakapinza"), iyo inoderedza chechina inowedzerwa (mumuenzaniso - "B-yakapinza E").

Iyo quadrant-sextakcord yehutatu imwechete idiki yakaderedzwa (mi sol-inopinza) uye chikamu chikuru chetatu (kubva kusol-yakapinza kusvika ku-c-yakapinza).

Mhedziso ndeyotevera: SW.6 = huru yechitatu + yakaderedzwa yechina; Uv.64 uXNUMXd yakaderedzwa chechina + chikuru chetatu.

Yakaderedzwa yechitanhatu chord uye kota-sext chord

Iyo yakaderedzwa triad kubva muruzha MI iko kongiresi kubva kune manotsi MI, SOL, SI-FLAT. Chord yechitanhatu yeiyi matatu ndiG, B-flat uye MI, uye kota-sext chord ndeye B-flat, MI, G.

Iwo matatu ari kutariswa ane symmetrical, ane maviri madiki muzvitatu (munyaya yedu, aya ndiwo manzwi "mi sol" uye "sol si-flat").

Yakaderedzwa yechitanhatu chord inowanikwa nekubatanidza chetatu chidiki (tine "G-flat") ine yakawedzera quart (mumuenzaniso, "B-flat").

Iyo yakaderera quartsextakcord inotanga ne quart yakawedzerwa (maererano nemuenzaniso - "si-flat mi"), iyo chikamu chiduku chetatu ("mi sol") chinobatana.

Saka, semugumisiro, zvinosvika izvi: Um.6 u64d duku yechitatu + yakawedzera yechina; Um.XNUMX = yakawedzerwa yechina + diki yechitatu.

Tafura yezvikamu zvemukati zvematatu-sound chords

Ngatipfupikisai data rese ratinaro nezve interval chord nziyo mutafura. Unogona kudhaunirodha tafura imwe chete yekudhinda. HERE uye shandisa sepepa rekubiridzira muzvidzidzo zvesolfeggio kana mubasa rechikoro kusvikira wanyatsozviyeuka.

kudzikama	SEXT- CHORDS	QUARTZEXT- CHORDS
MAJOR	B.53 = b.3 + m.3	B.6 = m.3 + h.4	B.64 u4d chikamu 3 + b.XNUMX
DUKU	M.53 = m.3 + b.3	M.6 = b.3 + p.4	M.64 = chikamu 4 + m.3
AKAKUDZWA	Uv.53 = b.3 + b.3	Uv.6 = b.3 + um.4	Uv.64 = um.4 + b.3
KUDZIDZISWA	Pfungwa.53 = m.3 + m.3	Pfungwa.6 = m.3 + uv.4	Pfungwa.64 = uv.4 + m.3

Sei uchifanira kuziva kuti ndezvipi zvipindiro izvi kana kuti chord inoumbwa? Izvi zvinodikanwa kuitira kuti zvive nyore kuvaka iyo inodiwa consonance kubva kune chero ruzha rwemimhanzi.

Semuyenzaniso, ngativake ese machords atafunga nhasi kubva muruzha PE.

• Isu takatovaka hutatu hombe kubva kuPE, isu hatisi kuzotaura nezvazvo zvakare. Aya ndiwo manzwi RE, F-SHARP, LA. Huru yechitanhatu chord kubva RE - RE, FA, SI-FLAT ("re-fa" idiki patatu, uye "fa B-flat" iquart yakachena). Iyo huru quarter-sextakcord kubva kune imwechete note ndeye RE, SOL, SI (pure quart "re-sol" uye huru yechitatu "sol-si").
• Mutatu mudiki kubva RE - RE, FA, LA. Iyo diki yechitanhatu chord kubva pane ino chinyorwa ndeye RE, F-yakapinza, SI (huru yechitatu "re F-yakapinza" + yakachena yechina "F-yakapinza si"). Diki quarter-sextakcord kubva kuPE - PE, SOL, SI-FLAT (pure quart "D-Sol" + diki yechitatu "G-flat").
• Kuwedzera katatu kubva RE - RE, F-SHARP, A-SHARP. Yakawedzera yechitanhatu chord kubva RE - RE, F-SHARP, SI-FLAT (kutanga huru yechitatu "DF-yakapinza", kozoti yakaderedzwa quart "F-yakapinza B-flat"). Kuwedzera kwekota-sextakcord kubva kune imwechete inzwi - RE, G-flat, B-flat (yakaderedzwa quart pachigadziko "D G-flat" uye chetatu chikuru pamusoro payo "G-flat B-flat").
• Yakaderedzwa katatu kubva RE - RE, FA, A-FLAT. Iyo yakaderedzwa yechitanhatu chord kubva muruzha urwu RE, FA, SI ("re-fa" idiki patatu, "fa-si" yakawedzera yechina). Yakaderedzwa kota-yechitanhatu chord kubva PE - PE, G-SHARP, SI (yakawedzera yechina pachigadziko "D-yakapinza", uye chetatu chidiki pamusoro payo "G-yakapinza SI").

Ese matriad inversions ane simba rawo rekuratidza uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhanzi mumabasa akasiyana.

Vadikani, apa ndipo patichamisa chidzidzo chedu chikuru. Kana uine chero mibvunzo pamusoro penyaya, ndapota nyora mumashoko echinyorwa ichi. Kana chimwe chinhu, zvichiita kwauri, chisina kutsanangurwa zvakajeka, inzwawo wakasununguka kutaura maonero ako panyaya iyi. Isu tiri kushanda nguva dzose kuvandudza kunaka kwezvinhu zvedu.

Muzvinyorwa zvinotevera, tichadzokera kufundo yevatatu vatatu kanopfuura kamwe. Nenguva isipi iwe uchadzidza nezve iwo makuru matatu eiyo modhi, uye nezve akakosha mabasa avanoita mumimhanzi.

Mukuparadzana, tichakukandirai mimwe mimhanzi inoshamisa. Iyi mimhanzi, nenzira, inotanga nediki kota-sext chord!

L. van Beethoven – Mwedzi Sonata (Spanish: Valentina Lisitsa)