Mandolin: ruzivo rwakakwana, kuumbwa, marudzi, kushandiswa, nhoroondo, maitiro ekutamba

Iyo mandolin ndeimwe yeanonyanya kuzivikanwa eEuropean tambo zviridzwa, izvo zvinoramba zvichizivikanwa muzana ramakore reXNUMX.

Chii chinonzi mandolin

Rudzi - chiridzwa chine tambo. Ndeyekirasi yechordophones. Ndewemhuri yeruti. Nzvimbo yekuzvarwa yechiridzwa iItaly. Kune akawanda marudzi akasiyana, asi akanyanya kupararira ndeye Neapolitan neLombard modhi.

Tool mudziyo

Muviri unoshanda se resonator uye wakabatanidzwa pamutsipa. Muviri unorira unogona kuita sendiro kana bhokisi. Mienzaniso yechinyakare yekuItaly ine muviri wakaita sepeya. Inenge iri pakati penyaya, gomba rinonzwika rinotemwa. Huwandu hwemafrets pamutsipa ndeye 18.

Kune imwe magumo, tambo dzakanamirwa kune tuning pegi kumusoro kwemutsipa. Tambo dzakatambanudzwa pamusoro pehurefu hwose hwemutsipa uye gomba rezwi, richigadziriswa pachigadziko. Nhamba yetambo ndeye 8-12. Tambo yacho inowanzogadzirwa nesimbi. Iyo yakajairika tuning ndeye G3-D4-A4-E5.

Nekuda kwemaitiro ekugadzira, mikaha pakati pekuora kwekurira kwekurira ipfupi pane nezvimwe zviridzwa zvine tambo. Izvi zvinobvumira vaimbi kunyatsoshandisa nzira ye tremolo - kukurumidza kudzokorora kwenoti imwe.

Mhando dzemandolins

Anonyanya kufarirwa ndeaya anotevera marudzi emandolins:

• Neapolitan. Nhamba yetambo ndeye 8. Inogadzirwa seviolin pamwe chete. Inoshandiswa mumimhanzi yezvidzidzo.
• Milanskaya. Inosiyana pakuwedzera nhamba yetambo kusvika ku10. Tambo mbiri.
• Picolo. Musiyano ndiwo hukuru hwakaderedzwa. Nhambwe kubva kunzungu kusvika pabhiriji ndeye 24 cm.
• Octave mandolin. Yakakosha sisitimu inoita kuti inzwike octave yakaderera pane iyo Neapolitan. Mensur 50-58 cm.
• Mandocello. Chitarisiko uye saizi yakafanana neye classical gitare. Kureba - 63-68 cm.
• Luta. Modified version yeMandocello. Inosanganisira peya shanu dzetambo.
• Mandobas. Icho chiridzwa chinobatanidza zvinhu zvemandolin uye kaviri bass. Kureba - 110 cm. Nhamba yetambo 4-8.

Kutevera muenzaniso wegitare remagetsi, mandolin yemagetsi yakagadzirwawo. Iyo inoratidzirwa nemuviri usina gomba rekurira uye pikicha yakaiswa. Mamwe mamodheru ane tambo yekuwedzera. Shanduro dzakadaro dzinonzi extended range electric mandolins.

History

Mubako reTrois-Freres, mifananidzo yematombo yakachengetedzwa. Mifananidzo yacho inotangira kuma13 BC. Vanoratidza uta hwokuimba, chiridzwa chine tambo chokutanga kuzivikanwa. Kubva pauta hwemimhanzi kwakauya kuwedzera kukura kwetambo. Nokuwanda kwehungiso, udimbwa nembira zvakaonekwa. Tambo imwe neimwe yakazova nebasa rezvinyorwa zvega. Ipapo vaimbi vakadzidza kuridza madhidhi uye chords.

Lute yakaonekwa muMesopotamia muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX BC. Mitambo yekare yakaitwa mushanduro mbiri - pfupi uye refu.

Uta hwekare hwemimhanzi uye lute ihama dziri kure dzemandolin. Chokwadi ichi chinoita kuti luti isiyaniswe nedhizaini isina kunyatso kurongeka. Nyika yekwakabva mandolin iItaly. Mutangiri wechitarisiko chayo kwakanga kuri kugadzirwa kworuti rwesoprano.

Mandolin yakatanga kuonekwa muItaly semandala. Inenge nguva yekuonekwa - XIV remakore. Pakutanga, chiridzwa chacho chaitorwa semhando itsva yeruti. Nekuda kwekumwe kugadziridzwa kwedhizaini, mutsauko nelute wakava wakakosha. Mandala yakagamuchira mutsipa wakareba uye chikero chakawedzerwa. Kureba kwechiyero ndeye 42 cm.

Vatsvagiri vanotenda kuti chiridzwa ichi chakagamuchira dhizaini yazvino muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Vagadziri vacho mhuri yeVinacia yevaimbi veNeapolitan. Muenzaniso unonyanya kuzivikanwa wakagadzirwa naAntonio Vinacia pakupera kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Yekutanga yakachengetedzwa muUK Museum. Chiridzwa chakafanana chakagadzirwawo naGiuseppe Vinacia.

Zvigadzirwa zvemhuri yeVinaccia zvinonzi Neapolitan mandolin. Kusiyana kubva kumhando dzekare - kugadzirwa kwakagadziridzwa. Iyo Neapolitan modhi iri kuwana mukurumbira mukuru kusvika kumagumo kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Inotanga misa serial kugadzirwa muEurope. Kuda kuvandudza chiridzwa, masters emimhanzi kubva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana anotorwa kuongororo nechimiro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, maFrench anogadzira chiridzwa chine reverse tension, uye muHumambo hweRussia vanogadzira mutsauko une mbiri yepamusoro dhizaini inovandudza ruzha.

Nekuvandudzwa kwemimhanzi yakakurumbira, kufarirwa kweiyo classical Neapolitan modhi iri kudzikira. Muma30s, iyo flat-bodied model yakave yakapararira pakati pevatambi vejazz neCeltic.

kushandisa

Iyo mandolin chiridzwa chinogoneka. Zvichienderana nemhando uye muimbi, inogona kutamba yega, inoperekedza uye inosanganisa basa. Pakutanga yakashandiswa mumhanzi wevanhu uye wezvidzidzo. Nziyo dzakaumbwa nevanhu dzakagamuchira hupenyu hwechipiri nekuuya kwemimhanzi yemhando yepamusoro.

Bhendi reBritish rock Led Zeppelin vakashandisa mandolin pavakarekodha rwiyo rwa1971 "Hondo yeEvermore" yedambarefu ravo rechina. Chikamu chinoridzwa chakaridzwa negitare Jimmy Peji. Maererano naye, akatanga kutora mandolin uye nokukurumidza akanyora riff guru rerwiyo.

American rock band REM yakanyora yavo yakabudirira zvikuru "Kurasikirwa Nechitendero Changu" muna 1991. Rwiyo rwacho runozivikanwa nokuda kwekushandisa kwayo mandolin. Chikamu chakaridzwa negitare Peter Buck. Kuumbwa kwacho kwakatora nzvimbo yechina muBillboard yepamusoro uye yakagamuchira mibairo yakawanda yeGrammy.

Boka reSoviet neRussia "Aria" rakashandisawo mandolin mune dzimwe nziyo dzavo. Ritchie Blackmore weBlackmore's Night anoshandisa chiridzwa ichi nguva nenguva.

Maitiro ekutamba mandolin

Asati adzidza kuridza mandolin, muimbi anoda chaizvo anofanira kusarudza rudzi rwaanofarira. Mimhanzi yeClassic inoridzwa nemhando dzeNeapolitan, nepo dzimwe mhando dzichiitira mimhanzi yakakurumbira.

Itsika kuridza mandolin nemurevereri. Mapikicha anosiyana muhukuru, ukobvu uye zvinhu. Kana nhonga yakakora, inzwi rinowedzera. Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti Play yacho yakaoma kune anotanga. Sarudzo dzakakora dzinoda kushanda nesimba kubata.

Pakutamba, muviri unoiswa pamabvi. Mutsipa unokwira nekona. Ruoko rworuboshwe rune basa rekubata machords pafretboard. Ruoko rworudyi runotora zvinyorwa kubva mumatambo ane plectrum. Nzira dzepamusoro dzekutamba dzinogona kudzidzwa nemudzidzisi wemimhanzi.