Anton Stepanovich Arensky |

Anton Arensky

Arensky. Violin Concerto (Jascha Heifetz)

Arensky akangwara zvinoshamisa mumhanzi… Munhu anonakidza kwazvo! P. Tchaikovsky

Pakati pezvitsva, Arensky ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka, iri nyore, melodic… L. Tolstoy

Vaimbi uye vanoda mimhanzi yekupedzisira uye kutanga kwezana rino remakore vangadai vasina kutenda kuti basa raArensky uye kunyange zita chairo reArensky mushure mezvikamu zvitatu chete zvezana remakore raizozivikanwa zvishoma. Mushure mezvose, maopera ake, symphonic uye nziyo dzekamuri, kunyanya mabasa epiyano uye dzerudo, ainzwika nguva dzose, akaitirwa munzvimbo dzemitambo dzakanakisa, dzinoitwa nevanyori vane mukurumbira, vakagamuchirwa noushamwari nevatsoropodzi uye neruzhinji ... . Baba vake, chiremba Nizhny Novgorod, aiva muimbi amateur, uye mai vake vaiva piano akanaka. Chikamu chinotevera chehupenyu hweArensky chakabatana neSt. Pano akaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake zvemimhanzi uye muna 1882 akapedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory mukirasi yekunyora N. Rimsky-Korsakov. Akanga abatanidzwa zvisina kuenzana, asi akaratidza tarenda rakajeka uye akapiwa menduru yegoridhe. Muimbi wechidiki akakurumidza kukokwa kuMoscow Conservatory semudzidzisi wezvidzidzo zvezvidzidzo, akazogadzirwa. MuMoscow, Arensky akava shamwari dzepedyo Tchaikovsky uye Taneyev. Pesvedzero yekutanga yakave yakakosha yekugadzira mimhanzi yeArensky, yechipiri yakava shamwari yepedyo. Akumbirwa naTaneyev, Tchaikovsky akapa Arensky rusununguko rweopera yake yekutanga yakaparadzwa The Voyevoda, uye opera Dream paVolga yakaonekwa, yakabudirira kurongwa neMoscow Bolshoi Theatre muna 1890. Tchaikovsky akaitumidza kuti imwe yepamusoro, "uye mune dzimwe. nzvimbo dzakaenzana chakanakisisa Mumhanzi weRussian opera” uye akawedzera kuti: “Chiitiko chechiroto cheVoyevoda chakaita kuti ndibude misodzi inotapira yakawanda.” Imwe opera yaArensky, Raphael, yairatidzika kune yakasimba Taneyev inokwanisa kufadza zvakaenzana vaimbi vehunyanzvi uye veruzhinji; mudhayari remunhu uyu asinganzwisisi tinowana maererano naRaphael izwi rimwechete sekureurura kwaTchaikovsky: "Ndakachema misodzi ..." Pamwe izvi zvakashanda kune rwiyo ruchiri kufarirwa rwemuimbi kuseri kwedariro - "Mwoyo unodedera. chido uye mufaro”?

Mabasa aArensky muMoscow aive akasiyana. Paaishanda panzvimbo inochengeterwa zvinhu, akagadzira mabhuku aishandiswa nezvizvarwa zvakawanda zvevaimbi. Rachmaninov naScriabin, A. Koreshchenko, G. Konyus, R. Glier vakadzidza mukirasi yake. Wekupedzisira akarangarira: "... Matauriro nemazano aArensky aive ehunyanzvi kupfuura hunyanzvi hwezvakasikwa." Zvisinei, kusaenzana kwechimiro cheArensky - akanga ari munhu akatakurwa uye anokurumidza kutsamwa - dzimwe nguva akatungamirira kumakakatanwa nevadzidzi vake. Arensky akaita semutyairi, zvese aine symphony orchestra uye mumakonzati echidiki Russian Choral Society. Nenguva isipi, pakurudziro yaM. Balakirev, Arensky akakokwa kuSt. Nzvimbo yacho yairemekedzwa zvikuru, asiwo yairema zvikuru uye yakanga isingaenderani nezvinodiwa nemuimbi. Kwemakore matanhatu akasika mabasa mashomanana uye, chete, asunungurwa kubva mubasa muna 6, akatangazve kuita mumakonzati uye kunyora zvakanyanya. Asi chirwere chakamumirira - pulmonary tuberculosis, iyo makore mashoma gare gare yakamuunza kuguva ...

Pakati pevatambi vakakurumbira vemabasa aArensky aiva F. Chaliapin: akaimba rwiyo rwekuda "Wolves", yakatsaurirwa kwaari, uye "Nziyo dzevana", uye - nekubudirira kukuru - "Minstrel". V. Komissarzhevskaya yakaitwa mumhando yakakosha ye melodeclamation yakapararira pakutanga kwezana remakore, nekushanda kwemabasa eArensky; vateereri vakamurangarira achiverenga mumhanzi "Zvakanaka sei, maroses anga ari manyoro ..." Ongororo yeimwe yeakanakisa mabasa - Trio muD madiki inogona kuwanikwa muStravinsky's "Dialogues": "Arensky… akandibata hushamwari, nekufarira. akandibatsira; Ndagara ndichimuda uye rimwe remabasa ake, ane mukurumbira piyano trio. (Mazita evanyori vaviri ava achasangana gare gare - paParis poster yeS. Diaghilev, iyo inosanganisira mimhanzi yeArensky's ballet "Egyptian Nights".)

Leo Tolstoy aikoshesa Arensky pamusoro pevamwe vanyori vekuRussia vemazuva ano, uye kunyanya, masutu emapiyano maviri, ayo ari ezvinyorwa zvakanakisisa zveArensky. (Kwete pasina simba ravo, akazonyora masutu emhando imwechete yeRachmaninov). Mune imwe yetsamba dzaTaneyev, aigara neveTolstoy muYasnaya Polyana muzhizha ra1896 uye, pamwe chete naA. Goldenweiser, vairidza manheru kumunyori, zvinonzi: "Mazuva maviri apfuura, pamberi pevanyori. nzanga yakakura, takaridza ... pamapiano maviri "Silhouettes" (Suite E 2. - LK) naAnton Stepanovich, avo vakabudirira zvikuru uye vakayananisa Lev Nikolaevich nemimhanzi mitsva. Ainyanya kufarira The Spanish Dancer (nhamba yekupedzisira), uye akafunga nezvake kwenguva yakareba. Suites uye zvimwe zvidimbu zvepiyano kusvika pakupera kwebasa rake rekuita - kusvika kuma1940 - 50s. - yakachengetwa mune repertoire yeSoviet pianist yechizvarwa chekare, vadzidzi veArensky - Goldenweiser naK. Igumnov. Uye ichiri kurira mumakonzati uye paredhiyo Fantasia pamadingindira eRyabinin epiyano uye orchestra, yakagadzirwa muna 1899. Kare mukutanga 90s. Arensky akanyora pasi muMoscow kubva kumutauri wenyaya anoshamisa, murombo weOlonets Ivan Trofimovich Ryabinin, epics akati wandei; uye vaviri vavo - nezve boyar Skopin-Shuisky uye "Volga naMikula" - akatora sehwaro hweFantasy yake. Fantasia, Trio, uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvinoridzwa uye zvidimbu zvezwi naArensky, vasina kudzika zvakanyanya mumanzwiro avo uye zvehungwaru zvemukati, zvisingasiyaniswe nekuvandudzwa, panguva imwechete inokwezva nekuvimbika kwenziyo - kazhinji elegiac - zvirevo, rwiyo rupo. Vane hasha, vane nyasha, vane unyanzvi. Zvinhu izvi zvakarerekera mwoyo yevateereri kumimhanzi yaArensky. makore apfuura. Vanogona kuunza mufaro kunyange nhasi, nokuti vanoratidzirwa nezvose zviri zviviri tarenda nounyanzvi.

L. Korabelnikova