Luciano Berio |

Luciano Berio

Muimbi weItaly, kondakita uye mudzidzisi. Pamwe chete naBoulez naStockhausen, ndewevanonyanya kukosha avant-garde vanyori vechizvarwa chemashure ehondo.

Akaberekwa muna 1925 mumhuri vaimbi muguta Imperia (Liguria nharaunda). Mushure mehondo, akadzidza kuumbwa kuMilan Conservatory naGiulio Cesare Paribeni naGiorgio Federico Ghedini, uye achiitisa naCarlo Maria Giulini. Paaishanda semupiyano-muperekedzi wemakirasi ezwi, akasangana naKatie Berberian, muimbi wekuAmerica wekuArmenian ane izwi rakasiyana risingawanzo siyana, aiziva nzira dzakasiyana dzekuimba. Akave mukadzi wekutanga wemunyori, izwi rake rakasiyana rakamukurudzira kutsvaga kwakashinga mumimhanzi yezwi. Muna 1951 akashanyira USA, kwaakadzidza paTanglewood Music Center naLuigi Dallapiccola, uyo akamutsa kufarira kwaBerio kuNew Vienna School uye dodecaphony. Muna 1954-59. akapinda zvidzidzo zveDarmstadt, kwaakasangana naBoulez, Stockhausen, Kagel, Ligeti nevamwe vanyori vevechidiki veEuropean avant-garde. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, akatama kubva kuDarmstadt technocracy; basa rake rakatanga kukura mugwara rekuyedza theatrics, neo-folklorism, pesvedzero yesurrealism, upenzi uye structuralism yakatanga kuwedzera mairi - kunyanya, vanyori vakadai uye vanofunga saJames Joyce, Samuel Beckett, Claude Levi-Strauss, Umberto. Eco. Kutora mimhanzi yemagetsi, mu1955 Berio akatanga Studio yeMusical Phonology muMilan, kwaakakoka vanyori vakakurumbira, kunyanya, John Cage naHenri Pousseur. Panguva imwecheteyo, akatanga kubudisa magazini pamusoro pemimhanzi yemagetsi inonzi "Musical Meetings" (Incontri Musicali).

Muna 1960 akaenda zvakare kuU.SA, kwaakatanga kuve "muimbi wekugara" muTanglewood uye panguva imwe chete akadzidzisa paDartington International Summer School (1960-62), ndokuzodzidzisa paMills College muOakland, California (1962). -65), uye mushure meIzvi - paChikoro cheJuilliard muNew York (1965-72), kwaakatanga Juilliard Ensemble (Juilliard Ensemble) yemimhanzi yemazuva ano. Muna 1968, Berio's Symphony yakatangwa muNew York nekubudirira kukuru. Muna 1974-80 akatungamirira dhipatimendi re electro-acoustic music paParis Institute for Research and Coordination of Acoustics and Music (IRCAM), yakavambwa naBoulez. Muna 1987 akatanga imwe nzvimbo yemimhanzi yakafanana muFlorence inonzi Real Time (Tempo Reale). Muna 1993-94 akapa nhevedzano yehurukuro paHarvard University, uye muna 1994-2000 akanga ari "muimbi akakurumbira mukugara" yeyunivhesiti iyi. Muna 2000, Berio akava Mutungamiriri uye Superintendent weNational Academy yeSanta Cecilia muRome. Muguta iri, munyori akafa muna 2003.

Mimhanzi yaBerio inoratidzwa nekushandiswa kwemaitiro akasanganiswa, kusanganisira ese ari maviri atonal uye neotonal zvinhu, makotesheni uye collage matekiniki. Akabatanidza kurira kwezviridzwa neruzha rwemagetsi uye manzwi ekutaura kwevanhu, muma1960s akatamburira kuyedza theatre. Panguva imwecheteyo, pasi pesimba raLevi-Strauss, akatendeukira kune ngano: mhedzisiro yeiyi hobby yaive "Folk Songs" (1964), yakanyorerwa Berberyan. Rudzi rwakasiyana rwakakosha mubasa raBerio rwakanga rwuri nhevedzano ye "Sequences" (Sequenza), imwe neimwe yakanyorerwa chiridzwa chimwe chete (kana izwi - seSequenza III, rakagadzirirwa Berberian). Mavari, munyori anosanganisa mazano matsva ekunyora nehunyanzvi hutsva hwekutamba pazviridzwa izvi. Sezvo Stockhausen akagadzira "makiyibhodhi" ake muhupenyu hwake hwese, saka Berio akagadzira 1958 mabasa emhando iyi kubva 2002 kusvika 14, achiratidza chaiwo nguva yake yese yekusika.

Kubva kuma1970, maitiro aBerio anga achichinja: zvinhu zvekufungisisa uye nostalgia zviri kuwedzera mumhanzi wake. Gare gare, munyori akazvipira kuita opera. Chinonyanya kukosha mubasa rake kuronga kwevamwe vanyori - kana nziyo apo anopinda munhaurirano nemimhanzi yevamwe vanhu. Berio ndiye munyori wezviridzwa uye zvinyorwa naMonteverdi, Boccherini, Manuel de Falla, Kurt Weill. Ndiye muridzi wekupedzisa shanduro dzeMozart's operas (Zaida) uye Puccini's (Turandot), pamwe ne "nhaurirano" kuumbwa kwakavakirwa pazvidimbu zvezvakatanga asi zvisati zvapera kunonoka Schubert symphony muD chikuru (DV 936A) ine musoro unoti "Kuderedza" (Rendering, 1990).

Muna 1966 akapiwa Mubairo weItaly, gare gare - Order of Merit yeItaly Republic. Aive nhengo inoremekedzwa yeRoyal Academy of Music (London, 1988), nhengo yekunze inoremekedzwa yeAmerican Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994), akahwina mubairo weErnst von Siemens Music Prize (1989).

Kunobva: meloman.ru