Karen Surenovich Khachaturian |

Karen Khachaturian

Kubudirira kwekutanga kwakauya kuna K. Khachaturian muna 1947 muPrague, apo Violin Sonata yake yakapiwa Mubairo Wokutanga paMutambo Wenyika Wevechidiki neVadzidzi. Kubudirira kwechipiri kwaiva ngano yechoreographic Chippolino (1972), iyo yakatenderera inenge yose yemitambo ye ballet munyika yedu uye yakaitwa kunze kwenyika (muSofia neTokyo). Uye zvino kunouya kutevedzana kwese kwekubudirira mumunda wemimhanzi yezviridzwa, izvo zvinotitendera kutonga tarenda yeyakajeka, yakakomba, yakakura-mwero. Basa raK. Khachaturian rinogona kunzi kune zviitiko zvakakosha zvemimhanzi yeSoviet.

Muimbi anovandudza tsika dzechiSoviet art, dzakagarwa nhaka kubva kuvadzidzisi vake - D. Shostakovich, N. Myaskovsky, V. Shebalin, asi anogadzira nyika yake yepakutanga yehunyanzvi uye, pakati pemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekusika kwemimhanzi yemazuva ano, anokwanisa kudzivirira yake. nzira yako yetsvakiridzo yehunyanzvi. Mumhanzi waK. Khachaturian unotora maonero akazara, ehupenyu hwakasiyana-siyana, zvose manzwiro uye kuongorora, dura guru rekutenda mukutanga kwakanaka. Nyika yemweya yakaoma yemazuva ano ndiyo huru, asi kwete chete dingindira rebasa rake.

Muimbi anokwanisa kutakurwa nekukasira kwese kwenyaya yengano, achiburitsa kuseka kunyoro uye huchenjeri. Kana kuti kufemerwa nedingindira renhoroondo uye uwane inzwi rinogutsa rekurondedzera kwakananga “kubva panzvimbo.”

K. Khachaturian akaberekerwa mumhuri yevatambi vemitambo. Baba vake vaiva mutungamiriri, uye amai vake vaiva dhizaini. Mamiriro ekugadzira maakatama kubva achiri mudiki akakanganisa kukura kwake kwemimhanzi uye zvido zvemarudzi akawanda. Kwete basa rekupedzisira mukuzvisarudzira kwake kwehunyanzvi rakaitwa nehunhu uye basa rasekuru vake A. Khachaturian.

K. Khachaturian akadzidziswa kuMoscow Conservatory, iyo yaakapinda muna 1941. Uye ipapo - kushanda muRwiyo uye Dance Ensemble yeNKVD, nzendo nemakonti kumberi uye kumaguta epamberi. Makore emudzidzi anodzokera kumashure ehondo nguva (1945-49).

Zvido zvekugadzira zve K. Khachaturian zvinogoneka.

Anonyora symphonies nenziyo, mimhanzi yetheater uye cinema, ballets uye chamber-instrumental nziyo. Mabasa akanyanya kukosha akasikwa mu60-80s. Pakati pawo pane Cello Sonata (1966) uye String Quartet (1969), iyo Shostakovich akanyora nezvayo kuti: “Quartet yakandiorora zvakasimba nokudzika kwayo, kukomba, madingindira akajeka, uye ruzha runoshamisa.”

Chiitiko chakakurumbira chaive oratorio "Nguva Yenhoroondo" (1971), iyo inotaura nezvemazuva ekutanga mushure mekuedza kuuraya paVI Lenin uye yakagadzirwa mumweya wegwaro renhoroondo. Hwaro hwaro hwaiva magwaro ekutanga enguva iyoyo: mishumo yepepanhau, kukwezva kwaY. Sverdlov, tsamba dzakabva kuvarwi. 1982 uye 1983 zvakabereka zvakanyanya, zvichipa mabasa anonakidza mumhando dzemimhanzi yezviridzwa. The Third Symphony uye Cello Concerto mupiro wakakomba kune symphony fund yeSoviet music mumakore achangopfuura.

Aya mabasa aisanganisira pfungwa dzenyanzvi akachenjera uye murume nezvenguva yake. Runyoro rwemunyori runoratidzwa nesimba uye kuratidzwa kwekuparurwa kwekufunga, kupenya kwenziyo, kugona kwekuvandudza uye kuvaka kwechimiro.

Pakati pemabasa matsva eK. Khachaturian "Epitaph" yetambo orchestra (1985), ballet "Snow White" (1986), Violin Concerto (1988), imwe-movement chidimbu "Khachkar" ye symphony orchestra yakatsaurirwa kuArmenia (1988) .

Mimhanzi yeK. Khachaturian inozivikanwa kwete munyika yedu chete, asiwo kunze kwenyika. Yakarira muItaly, Austria, USA, Czechoslovakia, Japan, Australia, Bulgaria, Germany. Iyo resonance inokonzerwa nekuita kwemimhanzi yeK. Khachaturian kune dzimwe nyika inokwezva kutarisa kwevanhu vemimhanzi yenyika dzakasiyana-siyana kwaari. Akakokwa senhengo yedare reimwe makwikwi muJapan, akatumwa neVienna Society yeAlban Berg, munyori anonyora tambo nhatu (1984), anochengetedza hukama hwekugadzira nevatambi vekunze, uye anogadzira National Anthem ye. Republic of Somalia (1972).

Hunhu hukuru hwemimhanzi yaK. Khachaturian ndeye "sociability", kurarama kusangana nevateereri. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvakavanzika zvekuzivikanwa kwake pakati pevazhinji vanoda mimhanzi.

M. Katunyan