Vakuru vepiyano vekare uye vemazuva ano

Vanoridza piyano vakuru vekare nevemazuva ano zvirokwazvo muenzaniso wakajeka wekuyemura nekutevedzera. Wese munhu anofarira uye aifarira kuridza mimhanzi papiyano agara achiedza kutevedzera akanakisa mapiyano makuru: maitiro avanoita chidimbu, kuti vakakwanisa sei kunzwa chakavanzika chenoti imwe neimwe uye dzimwe nguva zvinoita sekunge zvinoshamisa uye mamwe marudzi emashiripiti, asi zvinhu zvose zvinouya neruzivo: kana nezuro zvaiita sezvisingabviri, nhasi munhu pachake anogona kuita zvakanyanya kuoma sonatas uye fugues.

Piyano ndeimwe yezviridzwa zvine mukurumbira zvemimhanzi, inopinda mumhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi, uye yakashandiswa kugadzira mamwe anobaya mwoyo uye anonzwisa tsitsi munhoroondo. Uye vanhu vanoiridza vanonzi hofori dzenyika dzenziyo. Asi ndivanaani ava varidzi vepiyano vakurusa? Pakusarudza zvakanakisa, mibvunzo yakawanda inomuka: inofanirwa kuve yakavakirwa pahunyanzvi hwekuita, mukurumbira, hupamhi hwerepertoire, kana kugona kugadzirisa? Panewo mubvunzo wekuti zvakakodzera here kufunga nezvevaya vairidza piyano mumazana emakore apfuura, nokuti panguva iyoyo kwakanga kusina michina yekurekodha, uye hatigoni kunzwa maitiro avo uye tikaenzanisa nemazuva ano.Asi panguva iyi pakanga paine huwandu hukuru hwetarenda rinoshamisa, uye kana vakawana mukurumbira wenyika nguva refu pamberi pevezvenhau, saka zvakakodzera kuvapa ruremekedzo.

Frederic Chopin (1810-1849)

Muimbi ane mukurumbira wechiPolish Frederic Chopin aiva mumwe wevane hunyanzvi zvikuru, vairidza piyano panguva yake.

Mazhinji emabasa ake akagadzirirwa piyano ega, uye kunyangwe pasina akarekodhwa ekutamba kwake, mumwe wenguva yake akanyora kuti: “Chopin ndiye musiki wepiyano uye chikoro chekunyora. Muchokwadi, hapana chinogona kuenzaniswa nekureruka uye kutapira izvo munyori akatanga kuridza piyano, uyezve, hapana chinogona kuenzaniswa nebasa rake rakazara nekutanga, maitiro uye nyasha.

Franz Liszt (1811–1886)

Mukukwikwidzana naChopin nokuda kwekorona yemukurumbira wezana remakore rechi19 aiva Franz Liszt, muimbi weHungary, mudzidzisi uye pianist.

Pakati pemabasa ake ane mukurumbira ndeanopenga akaomesesa Années de pèlerinage piano sonata muB minor uye Mephisto Waltz waltz. Mukuwedzera, mukurumbira wake semuiti wakava ngano, kunyange shoko rokuti Lisztomania rakagadzirwa. Munguva yemakore masere ekushanya kuEurope mukutanga kwema1840, Liszt akapa mitambo inodarika chiuru, kunyangwe achiri mudiki (1,000) akamisa basa rake rekuridza piyano uye akanyanya kufunga nezvekunyora.

Sergei Rachmaninov (1873-1943)

Maitiro aRachmaninoff angangove akanetsana panguva yaaigara, sezvo aitsvaga kuchengetedza rudo rwemuzana ramakore re19th.

Vanhu vazhinji vanomurangarira nokuda kwamano ake kuti atambanudze ruoko rwake kune gumi nematatu manotsi ( imwe octave pamwe nemanotsi mashanu) uye kunyangwe kutarira paetudes nemakonsati aakanyora, unogona kuona chokwadi cheichi chokwadi. Sezvineiwo, kurekodha kwekuita kwemupiyano uyu kwakapona, kutanga nePrelude yake muC-yakapinza huru, yakanyorwa muna 1919.

Arthur Rubinstein (1887-1982)

Uyu piano wekuPoland-America anowanzo kutaurwa semutambi wepamusoro weChopin wenguva dzese.

Pazera remakore maviri, akaonekwa kuti ane ruzha rwakakwana, uye paakanga ava nemakore 13 akatanga kutamba neBerlin Philharmonic Orchestra. Mudzidzisi wake akanga ari Carl Heinrich Barth, uyo akadzidzawo naLiszt, saka anogona kunzi akachengeteka sechikamu chetsika huru yepiyano. Tarenda raRubinstein, kubatanidza zvinhu zverudo pamwe neazvino tekinoroji maficha, zvakamushandura kuita mumwe wevanoridza piyano vakanaka kwazvo vezuva rake.

Svyatoslav Richter (1915 - 1997)

Mukurwira zita remutambi wepiyano akanakisa wemuzana ramakore rechi20, Richter mumwe wevatambi veRussia vane simba vakabuda pakati pezana ramakore rechi20. Akaratidza kuzvipira kukuru kune vanyori mumitambo yake, achitsanangura basa rake se "muiti" kwete muturikiri.

Richter anga asiri mutsigiri mukuru wekurekodha, asi maitiro ake epamhepo epamhepo anorarama, kusanganisira 1986 muAmsterdam, 1960 muNew York uye 1963 muLeipzig. Kwaari pachake, aiva nemipimo yakakwirira uye, achiziva izvozvo akanga aridza nyora dzisiridzo pamusangano weItaly weBach, akasimbisa kudiwa kwekuramba kudhinda basa paCD.

Vladimir Ashkenazi (1937-)

Ashkenazi ndomumwe wevatungamiriri munyika yemimhanzi yechinyakare. Akazvarwa muRussia, parizvino ane hugari hweIcelandic neSwitzerland uye anoenderera mberi achiridza piyano uye kondakita pasi rese.

Muna 1962 akava mukundi International Tchaikovsky Competition, uye muna 1963 akasiya USSR ndokugara muLondon. Rondedzero yake yakakura yeakarekodha inosanganisira ese epiyano mabasa aRachmaninov naChopin, Beethoven sonatas, Mozart's piano concertos, pamwe nemabasa naScriabin, Prokofiev naBrahms.

Martha Argerich (1941-)

Muimbi wepiyano wekuArgentina Martha Argerich akashamisa nyika netarenda rake rinoshamisa apo, pazera ramakore makumi maviri nemana, akahwina Mukwikwi weChopin International muna 24.

Iye zvino ave kuzivikanwa semumwe wevatambi vepiyano vakuru muhafu yechipiri yezana ramakore rechi20, ane mukurumbira nekuda kwekuridza kwake uye kugona kwehunyanzvi, pamwe nekuita kwake kwemabasa naProkofiev naRachmaninov.