George Solti |

Georg solti

Ndeupi wemakondakita azvino ari muridzi wenhamba huru yemibairo uye mibairo yekurekodha pamarekodhi? Kunyangwe pasina kuverenga kwakadaro kwakamboitwa, vamwe vatsoropodzi vanotenda nenzira kwayo kuti iye zvino mutungamiriri uye mukuru conductor weLondon's Covent Garden Theatre, Georg (George) Solti, angadai akave shasha mundima iyi. Anenge gore rega rega, masangano akasiyana-siyana epasi rose, nzanga, mafemu nemagazini anokudza kondakita nekukudza kukuru. Ndiye akahwina Mubairo weEdison wakapihwa muNetherlands, American Critics Prize, French Charles Cross Prize yekurekodha yeMahler's Second Symphonies (1967); zvinyorwa zvake zveWagner operas zvakagamuchira Grand Prix yeFrench Record Academy kana: Rhine Gold (1959), Tristan und Isolde (1962), Siegfried (1964), Valkyrie (1966); muna 1963, Salome wake akapiwa mubairo mumwe chete.

Chakavanzika chekubudirira kwakadaro hachisi chete kuti Solti anonyora zvakawanda, uye kazhinji nevanoita solo saB. Nilsson, J. Sutherland, V. Windgassen, X. Hotter uye mamwe maartist epasi rose. Chikonzero chikuru ichitoro chemugadziri wetarenda, izvo zvinoita kuti zvinyorwa zvake zvive zvakakwana. Sezvakataurwa nomumwe mutsoropodzi, Solti anonyora “nokupfuura mabasa ake nemazana maviri muzana kuti awane zana rinodiwa somugumisiro.” Anoda kudzokorora zvimedu zvega ega kakawanda, achiwana zororo kune yega yega dingindira, elasticity uye ruvara rweruzha, rhythmic kurongeka; anofarira kushanda nechigero uye glue patepi, achifunga nezvechikamu ichi chebasa rake zvakare maitiro ekugadzira uye kubudirira kuti muteereri anogamuchira rekodhi apo pasina "seams" inoonekwa. Iyo orchestra mukurekodha maitiro inoratidzika kune conductor sechinhu chimwe chakaomarara chinomubvumira kuti azadzise kuita kwese pfungwa dzake.

Iyo yekupedzisira, zvisinei, inoshandawo kune basa rezuva nezuva remuimbi, ane chikamu chikuru chebasa iri imba yeopera.

Simba guru reSolti ibasa raWagner, R. Strauss, Mahler uye vanyori vemazuva ano. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti nyika yemamwe mafungiro, mamwe mifananidzo inonzwika ndeyemutorwa kune conductor. Akaratidza kugona kwake kwakasiyana-siyana mumakore echiito chakareba chekusika.

Solti akarererwa muguta rake rekuzvarwa reBudapest, akapedza kudzidza kuno muna 1930 kubva kuAcademy of Music mugiredhi 3. Kodai ari muimbi uye E. Donany semuimbi wepiyano. Agamuchira dhipuroma rake pazera remakore gumi nemasere, akabva aenda kunoshanda kuBudapest Opera House uye akatora nzvimbo yemutungamiriri ikoko muna 1933. Mukurumbira wenyika dzakawanda wakauya kune muimbi mushure mekusangana naToscanini. Zvakaitika muSalzburg, uko Solti, semubatsiri kondakita, neimwe nzira akawana mukana wekuitisa kudzokorora kweMuchato weFigaro. Nenguva isipi, Toscanini akanga ari mumatanda, uyo akanyatsoteerera kudzokorora kwose. Apo Solti akapedza, kwakava nokunyarara kunouraya, umo shoko rimwe bedzi rakataurwa nomureri rakanzwika: “Bene!” - "Kugona!". Nenguva isipi munhu wose akaziva nezvazvo, uye ramangwana rakajeka rakazaruka pamberi pemuitisi wechidiki. Asi kutonga kwevaNazi kwakamanikidza Solti kuti atamire kuSwitzerland. Kwenguva refu akanga asina mukana wekuitisa uye akasarudza kuita semupiyano. Uye ipapo kubudirira kwakauya nokukurumidza zvikuru: muna 1942 akahwina mubayiro wokutanga pamakwikwi muGeneva, akatanga kupa makonzati. Muna 1944, paakakokwa naAnsermet, akaita makonti akati wandei neSwitzerland Radio Orchestra, uye mushure mehondo akadzokera kuzoita.

Muna 1947, Solti akava mukuru weMunich Opera House, muna 1952 akazove mukuru conductor muFrankfurt am Main. Kubva ipapo, Solti anga achishanya munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope uye agara achiita muUS kubvira 1953; zvisinei, pasinei nezvinopa mari yakawanda, anoramba zvachose kutamira mhiri kwemakungwa. Kubva 1961, Solti anga ari pamusoro peimwe yeakanakisa theatre muEurope - London's Covent Garden, kwaakaita akati wandei ezvigadzirwa. Simba, rudo rwekunyanyisa rwemumhanzi rwakaunza kuzivikanwa kwepasirese Solti: anodiwa zvakanyanya muEngland, kwaakagamuchira zita remadunhurirwa rekuti "super-wizard yebaton ye conductor."

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969