Erich Leinsdorf |

Erich Leinsdorf

Leinsdorf anobva kuAustria. MuVienna, akadzidza mimhanzi - kutanga pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaamai vake, uye ipapo paAcademy of Music (1931-1933); akapedza dzidzo yake muSalzburg, kwaakange ari mubatsiri waBruno Walter naArturo Toscanini kwemakore mana. Uye pasinei nezvose izvi, zita reLeinsdorf rakazozivikanwa muEurope pakati pemakore makumi matanhatu chete, paakatungamirira Boston Symphony Orchestra uye akadanwa nevatsoropodzi nevabudisi muUnited States "muimbi we1963."

Pakati pemakore ekudzidza uye kubudirira kwekuzivikanwa kwenyika kune nguva yakareba yebasa naLeinsdorf, isingaoneki asi yakatsiga kufamba kumberi. Akakokwa kuAmerica pakutanga kwemuimbi ane mukurumbira Lotta Lehman, uyo akashanda naye muSalzburg, uye akaramba ari munyika ino. Matanho ake ekutanga aivimbisa - Leinsdorf akaita debut yake yeNew York muna Ndira 1938, achiitisa Valkyrie. Pashure paikoko, mutsoropodzi weNew York Times Noel Strauss akanyora, kuti: “Pasinei namakore ake 26, muitisi mutsva aitungamirira ochestra noruoko rune chivimbo uye, pazvose, akaita zvinoyemurika. Kunyange zvazvo pakanga pasina chinhu chaishamisa mubasa rake, akaratidza mimhanzi yakasimba, uye tarenda rake rinovimbisa zvakawanda.

Anenge makore maviri gare gare, pashure porufu rwaBodanzky, Leinsdorf akava, kutaura idi, mutungamiriri mukuru weimba yokuGermany yeMetropolitan Opera ndokuramba arimo kusvikira muna 1943. Pakutanga, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakamugamuchira noruvengo: mabatiro ake akanga akanyanyisa. divergent, chido chake chekuomerera zvakasimba kune chinyorwa chemunyori netsika dzeBodanzka, izvo zvakabvumira kutsauka kukuru kubva kutsika dzekuita, kukurumidza kukurumidza uye kucheka. Asi zvishoma nezvishoma Leinsdorf akakwanisa kuhwina mukurumbira uye kuremekedza orchestra uye soloists. Nechekare panguva iyoyo, vatsoropodzi vane njere, uye pamusoro pezvose D. Yuen, akafanotaura nezveramangwana rakajeka kwaari, achiwana mutarenda uye nenzira yomuiti wemifananidzo zvakawanda zvakafanana nomudzidzisi wake mukuru; vamwe vakatomuti "mudiki Toscanini".

Muna 1943, kondakita akakokwa kuti atungamirire Cleveland Orchestra, asi akanga asina nguva yokujairana ikoko, sezvo akapinzwa muchiuto, kwaakashanda kwegore nehafu. Pashure paizvozvo, akagara kwemakore masere semutungamiriri mukuru muRochester, nguva nenguva achitenderera maguta akasiyana-siyana muUnited States. Zvadaro kwenguva yakati akatungamirira New York City Opera, akaita mitambo panguva Metropolitan Opera. Nezvese mukurumbira wake wakasimba, vashoma vaigona kufanotaura kusimuka kwaizotevera kwemeteoric. Asi mushure mekunge Charles Munsch azivisa kuti aive achibva kuBoston Orchestra, mutungamiriri akafunga kukoka Leinsdorf, uyo aimboimba naye kamwe. Uye haana kukanganisa - makore akatevera ebasa raLeinsdorf muBoston akapfumisa kondakita nechikwata. Pasi peLeinsdorf, iyo orchestra yakawedzera repertoire yayo, yakanyanya kuganhurirwa pasi peMünsche kumimhanzi yeFrance uye mashoma emhando dzekirasi. Kuranga kwakatove kwemuenzaniso kweochestra kwakura. Kushanya kwaLeinsdorf kwakawanda kuEurope mumakore achangopfuura, kusanganisira kuita kuPrague Spring muna 1966, kwakasimbisa kuti conductor parizvino ari pakakwirira petarenda rake.

Chimiro chekugadzira chaLeinsdorf chakabatanidza zvakanakisa zvechikoro cheViennese cherudo, chaakadzidza kubva kuna Bruno Walter, hupamhi uye kugona kushanda ne orchestra mukonti uye munhandare, iyo Toscanini akapa kwaari, uye pakupedzisira, chiitiko. yakawana mumakore ekushanda muUSA. Kana huri hupamhi hwezvinoitwa nemuimbi, izvi zvinogona kutariswa kubva muzvinyorwa zvake. Pakati pavo pane akawanda opera uye symphonic mimhanzi. Pakati pevekutanga vanofanirwa kunzi "Don Giovanni" uye "Muchato weFigaro" naMozart, "Cio-Cio-san", "Tosca", "Turandot", "La Boheme" naPuccini, "Lucia di Lammermoor" na. Donizetti, "The Barber of Seville" naRossini , "Macbeth" naVerdi, "Valkyrie" naWagner, "Ariadne auf Naxos" naStrauss ... Rondedzero inofadza zvechokwadi! Mimhanzi yeSymphonic haina kupfuma uye yakasiyana-siyana: pakati pezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa naLeinsdorf, tinowana Mahler's First and Fifth Symphonies, Beethoven's uye Brahms 'Thirds, Prokofiev's Fifth, Mozart's Jupiter, Mendelssohn's A Midsummer Night's Dream, A Hero's Ex Life Richards Straus Berg's Wozzeck. Uye pakati pemakonisheni akanyorwa naLeinsdorf mukubatana nevatenzi vakuru ndeyeChipiri Piano Concerto naBrahms naRichter.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969