Kaviri bass balalaika: chii ichocho, kuumbwa, nhoroondo yekusika

Iyo balalaika chimbo chevanhu chakagara chichibatanidzwa chete neRussia. Nhoroondo yakaunza dzimwe shanduko kwairi, nhasi inomiririrwa nekusiyana kwakasiyana. Kune misiyano mishanu muhuwandu, iyo inonyanya kufadza ndeye kaviri bass balalaika.

Tsanangudzo yechishandiso

Iyo kaviri bass balalaika chiridzwa chakabvutwa chine tambo nhatu. Tambo zvinhu - simbi, naironi, plastiki. Kunze, inosiyana kubva kune yakajairwa balalaika nehukuru hwayo hunoshamisa: inosvika kureba kwemamita 1,5-1,7. Mutsipa une gumi nenomwe frets (kashoma gumi nematanhatu).

Iyi haisi iyo chete yakakura kwazvo kopi pakati pemamwe marudzi e balalaikas, ine yakanyanya simba ruzha, yakaderera toni, uye inotamba basa rebass. Inonyanya kukosha mune orchestra, iyo ensemble yeRussia folk zviridzwa.

Kugadzikana kwe balalaika-double bass kunopiwa ne spire yakakosha iri pasi pemuviri.

Kuyera uye kuyerwa

Izvo zviyero zvese zve balalaika-double bass zvingangoita sezvinotevera:

• kureba: 1600-1700 cm;
• hupamhi hwepasi: 1060-1250 cm;
• ukuru hwechikamu chekushanda chetambo: 1100-1180 cm;
• kureba kwemuviri: 790-820 cm.

Saizi dzezviridzwa zvekoniti dzinowanzosiyana kubva kune mwero: nyanzvi dzemimhanzi dzinoita kuti varongedze kuenderana nehurefu hwavo uye chimiro.

Huremu hwe balalaika-double bass hunochinja, hunosvika 10-30 kg (zvinhu zvekugadzira, zviyero, uye mamwe mamiriro anoita basa).

Balalaika-double bass kuvaka

Dhizaini yechishandiso iri nyore, zvinotevera zvikamu zvinosiyaniswa:

• muviri, kusanganisira bhodhi rezwi (mberi, yakatwasuka chikamu), kumashure (yakawanda yakatenderedzwa, inosanganisira 5-6 zvikamu zvakabatana);
• mutsipa wakabatanidzwa nemuviri;
• tambo (simbi, plastiki, naironi, vamwe);
• kumira (metal spire), iyo inokutendera kuti ugadzirise kureba kwetambo, gadzira imwe resonating mhedzisiro, ita kuti ruzha ruwedzere, kureba, viscous;
• frets (simbi dzakaputirwa pamuviri);
• resonator gomba riri pakati, rinoshanda kuburitsa ruzha.

Chikamu chinokosha murevereri - tsanangudzo yakasiyana, kusavapo kwayo hakuzobvumiri kuti utange kutamba mimhanzi. Vatambi vane hunyanzvi vanounganidza pane akati wandei sarudzo dzemapikicha akasiyana muhukuru, zvinhu zvekugadzira, kupinza kona.

Chinangwa chemurevereri ndechekuburitsa manzwi. Zvigunwe hazvina simba kuti zvikwanise tambo dzine simba, dzinorema dzechiridzwa. Sarudzo yakapfuma yevayananisi inovimbisa mukana wekubvisa manzwi emhando dzakasiyana siyana, kudzika, nguva, simba. Iwo ganda, kabhoni faibha, polyethylene, caprolact, pfupa. Saizi - diki, hombe, pakati.

Nhoroondo yekusika

Ndiani, paakagadzirwa balalaika, haazivikanwi zvechokwadi. Icho chiridzwa chinonzi vanhu veRussia, midzi yekusika yakarasika munguva yakapfuura. Pakutanga, chiridzwa chacho chakapararira mumisha yose nemisha. Aingofarira vanhu vanodzidza nhoroondo, vachikwevera kumidzi, vachiedza kuswedera pedyo nevanhu.

Iyo inotevera wave yekufarira mune inodiwa nevanhu yakatsvairwa muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Dvoryanin VV Andreev, uyo aive nechido che balalaikas uye akaziva virtuoso Play, akasarudza kuvandudza chiridzwa chake chaanofarira, kuti chirege kuva chinhu chevaimbi vasina kudzidza, kuve nyanzvi, uye kutora chinzvimbo chakakodzera muorchestra. Andreev akaedza zviyero, zvinhu zvekugadzira. Kuchinja maparamita ese ari maviri akachinja ruzha rwakagadzirwa nechizvarwa chitsva balalaikas.

Zvadaro, Andreev akasika boka revaimbi vairidza balalaikas yemitsara yose. Zviitiko zveboka rebalalaika zvakabudirira zvikuru, makonti akatoitwa kune dzimwe nyika, zvichiita kuti vatorwa vafare zvechokwadi.

Mhosva yaAndreev yakaenderera mberi nemugadziri wedare redzimhosva Franz Paserbsky. Murume wacho akasvika pakubata nekugadzirwa kwemhuri yose ye balalaikas, akavandudza mararamiro, manzwi, uye maitiro ekugadzira. Mhizha yakapfupisa mutsipa, yakagadzirisa gomba resonant, yakaronga mafiritsi nenzira yakakosha. Nenguva isipi, mhando shanu dzinozivikanwa nhasi (prima, yechipiri, viola, bass, kaviri bass) yakava hwaro hwevaimbi vefolk orchestras. Paserbsky patented mutsara we balalaikas, inobata mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri ezviridzwa zvevanhu.

Iye zvino balalaika-double bass inhengo yenguva dzose ye orchestra yezviridzwa zvevanhu zvemimhanzi, inokwanisa kuratidza ruzha rukuru nekuda kwehuwandu hwezvinogona.

inzwi Features

Chiridzwa chacho chine ruzha rwakasiyana-siyana. Iyo kaviri bass balalaika ine maviri octaves uye matatu semitones pairi. Nekuda kwehukuru hwayo, hofori ine masimba ane simba, iyo yakaderera inogoneka toni pakati pemamwe marudzi e balalaika.

Inzwi rinobudiswa nehombe huru yeganda, nekuda kweiyo inova yakadzika, yakanyorova, inopinda mukati, yakafanana nekurira kwebhesi gitare, kaviri bass, kubvuta. Dzimwe nguva kurira kunoitwa nekaviri bass balalaika kunoenzaniswa nemanzwi anoitwa nenhengo.

nyaya

Chimiro chebass bass balalaika chakafanana neiyo domra. Toni sequence ndeiyi:

• tambo yekutanga, toni yepamusoro - chinyorwa Re ye octave huru;
• tambo yechipiri ndiyo chinyorwa La ye counteroctave;
• tambo yechitatu ndiyo Mi note ye counteroctave.

Yechina sisitimu inogadzirwa nekunzwika kwetambo dzakazaruka. Zvinyorwa zve balalaika-double bass zvakanyorwa octave yakakwirira kudarika inzwi rechokwadi.

Kushandiswa kwe balalaika-double bass

Chiridzwa chacho chakaoma kushandisa, haasi munhu wose anogona kutamba balalaika-double bass - chikonzero cheizvi uremu, simba, tambo dzakakora, izvo zvisiri nyore kubvisa kunyange nokuda kweplectrum yakakura. Muimbi achada, kunze kweruzivo rwemimhanzi, kugona kunoshamisa kwemuviri. Iwe unofanirwa kuita nemaoko maviri: neimwe, tambo dzakatsikirirwa zvakasimba kune fretboard, nechechipiri ivo vanorohwa vachishandisa murevereri.

Kazhinji, balalaika yehukuru hunoshamisa inonzwika mukuumbwa kwevanhu ensembles, orchestras. Izvi zvinobvumira muimbi nguva nenguva achizorora, kuwana simba. Mumakore achangopfuura, kufarira zviridzwa zvechiRussia kwakawedzera zvakanyanya, uye chivakwa chikuru chinowanikwa mu duets, virtuosos dzakaonekwa dzakagadzirira kushanda wega.

Vaimbi vanoita zvebalalaika-double bass vanoridza vakamira kana kugara. Nekuda kwehukuru hwakakomba hwechiridzwa, zviri nyore kuburitsa ruzha wakamira padyo. Muridzi ari oga anogara achitamba akamira. Imwe nhengo yeorchestra, iyo ine balalaika-double bass, inotora nzvimbo yakagara.

Chido chezviridzwa zvechivanhu hachizomboperi. Vanhu vanogara vachidzokera kumidzi, vanoedza kudzidza tsika dzevanhu, tsika, tsika. Balalaika-double bass inonakidza, yakaoma nyaya, yakakodzera kudzidza, kuyemura, kudada.