Désirée Artôt |

Desiree Artot

Artaud, muimbi wechiFrench anobva kuBelgian, aive nezwi risingawanzo siyana, aiita zvikamu zve mezzo-soprano, zvinoshamisa uye lyric-coloratura soprano.

Desiree Artaud de Padilla (zita remusikana Marguerite Josephine Montaney) akaberekwa musi waChikunguru 21, 1835. Kubva 1855 akadzidza naM. Odran. Gare gare akaenda kuchikoro chepamusoro achitungamirirwa naPauline Viardo-Garcia. Panguva iyoyo akaitawo mumakonzati pazvikamu zveBelgium, Holland neEngland.

Muna 1858, muimbi wechidiki akaita dangwe rake paParis Grand Opera (Meyerbeer's The Prophet) uye pasina nguva akatora chinzvimbo cheprima donna. Zvadaro Artaud akaita munyika dzakasiyana-siyana zvose pachikuva uye pachikuva konzati.

Muna 1859 akabudirira kuimba neLorini Opera Company muItaly. Muna 1859-1860 akafamba muLondon semuimbi wekonti. Gare gare, muna 1863, 1864 uye 1866, akaita mu "foggy Albion" semuimbi weopera.

MuRussia, Artaud akaita nekubudirira kukuru mumitambo yeMoscow Italian Opera (1868-1870, 1875/76) uye St. Petersburg (1871/72, 1876/77).

Artaud akauya kuRussia atokunda mukurumbira weEurope. Kuwanda kwenzwi rake kwakamuita kuti agone kubata zvakanaka nezvikamu zvesoprano nemezzo-soprano. Akabatanidza kupenya kwecoloratura nedhirama rinoratidzira rekuimba kwake. Donna Anna muMozart's Don Giovanni, Rosina muRossini's The Barber of Seville, Violetta, Gilda, Aida muVerdi's operas, Valentina muMeyerbeer's Les Huguenots, Marguerite muGounod's Faust - akaita mabasa ese aya nemimhanzi inopinda nehunyanzvi. . Hazvishamisi kuti hunyanzvi hwake hwakakwezva vanyanyisi vakadai saBerlioz naMeyerbeer.

Muna 1868, Artaud akatanga kuoneka padanho reMoscow, kwaakazova kushongedzwa kwekambani yeItaly opera Merelli. Heino nhau yomutsoropodzi akakurumbira wenziyo G. Laroche: “Boka racho rakaumbwa nenyanzvi dzeboka rechishanu nerechitanhatu, risina manzwi, risina matarenda; mumwe chete asi anokatyamadza akanga ari musikana ane makore makumi matatu okukura ane chiso chakashata uye chine rudo, uyo akanga achangotanga kuwedzera uremu ndokuzokurumidza kuchembera zvose zviri zviviri muchitarisiko nenzwi. Asati asvika kuMoscow, maguta maviri - Berlin neWarsaw - akadanana naye zvakanyanya. Asi zvinoita sokuti hapana kwaakaita kuti vanhu vafarire zvikuru uye noushamwari sezvakaita muMoscow. Kune vazhinji vevadiki vemimhanzi panguva iyoyo, kunyanya kuna Pyotr Ilyich, Artaud aive, sokunge zvakadaro, chimiro chekuimba kunoshamisa, mwarikadzi weopera, achibatanidza mune mumwe pachake zvipo zvinowanzopararira mune zvakasiyana hunhu. Akaimbwa nepiyano yakanaka uye aine manzwi akanaka, akashamisa mhomho yevanhu nemafirework ezvitatu nezvikero, uye zvinofanirwa kubvumwa kuti chikamu chakakosha cherepertoire yake chakazvipira kudivi rino reunyanzvi; asi simba rinoshamisa uye nhetembo yekutaura yaitaridza kusimudza dzimwe nguva mimhanzi yepasi kusvika padanho repamusoro rehunyanzvi. Mudiki, ruzha rwakakasharara zvishoma rwezwi rake rwakafema runako rusingatsananguriki, rwainzwika kuregeredza uye nerudo. Artaud akanga akashata; asi angave akakanganisa zvikuru uyo ​​anofunga kuti nekunetseka kukuru, kuburikidza nezvakavanzika zveunyanzvi uye chimbuzi, akamanikidzwa kurwisana nemafungiro asina kunaka akaitwa nechitarisiko chake. Akakunda moyo uye akasvibisa pfungwa pamwe chete nerunako rwaisava nani. Kuchena kunoshamisa kwemuviri, plastiki isingawanzoitiki uye nyasha dzekufamba, kunaka kwemaoko nemutsipa kwakanga kusiri chombo chete: nokuda kwekusagadzikana kwose kwechiso, kwaiva nekunakidza kunoshamisa.

Saka, pakati pevanonyanya kushingaira vanoyemura French prima donna aiva Tchaikovsky. “Ndinonzwa ndichida,” anoreurura kudaro kuna Hama Modest, “kudurura zvandinoona mumwoyo mako. Dai waiziva rudzi rwemuimbi uye mutambi Artaud. Handisati ndamboyeverwa kudaro nenyanzvi senguva ino. Uye ndine urombo sei kuti haugoni kunzwa uye kumuona! Waizoyemura sei maitiro ake uye nyasha dzemafambiro nemamiriro!

Hurukuro yacho yakatosvika pakuroorana. Tchaikovsky akanyorera baba vake kuti: "Ndakasangana naArtaud muchirimo, asi ndakasangana naye kamwe chete, mushure mekubatsira kwake pakudya kwemanheru. Adzoka mumatsutso aya, handina kumbovashanyira zvachose. Takasangana netsaona manheru mamwe chete emimhanzi; akaratidza kushamisika kuti handina kumushanyira, ndakavimbisa kumushanyira, asi ndingadai ndisina kuchengeta vimbiso yangu (nemhaka yokusakwanisa kwangu kuita vazivikanwi vatsva) kudai Anton Rubinstein, uyo akanga achipfuura nomuMoscow, akanga asina kundikwevera kwaari. . Kubva ipapo, anenge mazuva ose, ndakavamba kugamuchira tsamba dzokukoka kubva kwaari, uye zvishoma nezvishoma ndakajaira kumushanyira mazuva ose. Nenguva isipi takamutsa kunzwirana tsitsi zvikuru, uye kureururana kwakatevera pakarepo. Zvinopera pasina kutaura kuti pano mubvunzo wakamuka wewanano yepamutemo, iyo isu tose tinoda zvikuru uye iyo inofanira kuitika muzhizha, kana pasina chinopindira nayo. Asi ndiro simba, kuti pane zvimwe zvipingamupinyi. Kutanga, amai vake, avo vanogara naye uye vane simba guru pamwanasikana wavo, vanopikisa muchato, vachiona kuti ini ndichiri muduku kumwanasikana wavo, uye, zvichida, vachitya kuti ndichamumanikidza kugara muRussia. Chechipiri, shamwari dzangu, kunyanya N. Rubinstein, dzinoshandisa kushingaira kukuru kuitira kuti ndirege kuzadzisa hurongwa hwekuroorana. Vanoti ndave murume wemuimbi ane mukurumbira, ndichatamba zvinosiririsa zvemurume wemudzimai wangu, kureva kuti ndichamutevera kumativi ose eEurope, ndorarama nemari yake, ndinorasikirwa netsika uye handichadaro. anokwanisa kushanda ... Zvingave zvichibvira kudzivirira kuitika kwedambudziko iri nesarudzo yake yekusiya nhandare uye kugara muRussia - asi anoti, kunyangwe rudo rwake rwese kwandiri, haakwanise kusarudza kusiya nhanho yaave. kujaira uye izvo zvinounza mukurumbira wake nemari ... Sezvo asingakwanisi kusarudza kubva padariro, ini, ini, ndinozengurira kupira ramangwana rangu nekuda kwake, nekuti hapana kupokana kuti ndichanyimwa mukana wekuenderera mberi. nzira yangu kana ndikaitevera ndisingaoni.

Kubva pakuona nhasi, hazvishamisi kuti, kubva kuRussia, Artaud akakurumidza kuroora muimbi weSpain baritone M. Padilla y Ramos.

Muma70s, pamwe chete nemurume wake, akabudirira kuimba muOpera muItaly nedzimwe nyika dzeEurope. Artaud aigara muBerlin pakati pa1884 na1889 uye gare gare muParis. Kubva 1889, achisiya chikuva, akadzidzisa, pakati pevadzidzi - S. Arnoldson.

Tchaikovsky akachengeta manzwiro eushamwari kune muimbi. Makore makumi maviri mushure mekuparadzana, pakukumbira kwaArtaud, akagadzira zvidavado zvitanhatu zvichibva panhetembo dzevadetembi veFrance.

Artaud akanyora kuti: “Pakupedzisira, shamwari yangu, rudo rwako ruri mumaoko angu. Chokwadi, 4, 5, uye 6 yakanaka, asi yekutanga inoyevedza uye inoyevedza nyowani. "Kuodzwa mwoyo" Iniwo ndinoda zvakanyanya - mushoko, ndinoda mwana wako mutsva uye ndinodada kuti wakavasika, uchifunga nezvangu.

Asangana nomuimbi wacho muBerlin, munyori wenziyo akanyora, kuti: “Ndakapedza mamwe madekwana naMs. Artaud naGrieg, iyo yeuko haisati ichizotongodzimwa muyeuko yangu. Zvese zviri zviviri hunhu nehunyanzvi hwemuimbi uyu zvinoyevedza zvisingadzivisiki sekare. "

Artaud akafa musi waApril 3, 1907 muBerlin.