Clavicytherium

Iyo claviciterium, kana kuti claviciterium (French clavecin vertical; Italian cembalo verticale, Middle Latin clavicytherium - "keyboard cithara") imhando ye harpsichord ine kurongeka kwakatwasuka kwemuviri netambo (French clavecin vertical; Italian cembalo verticale).

Kufanana nepiyano, harpsichord yakatora nzvimbo yakawanda, saka shanduro yakasimudzika yayo yakakurumidza kugadzirwa, iyo yainzi "claviciterium". Chaive chiridzwa chakatsvinda, chakabatana, chakaita sembira chine keyboard.

Kuti zvive nyore kutamba, keyboard ye claviciterium yakachengetedza nzvimbo yakatwasuka, iri mundege yakatarisana nendege yetambo, uye mutambo wemitambo wakagamuchira dhizaini rakasiyana zvishoma rekufambisa kufamba kubva kumashure kumagumo emakiyi kune vanosvetuka. , izvo zvakaiswawo munzvimbo yakachinjika.

Kavha yepamberi yeclaviciterium yaiwanzovhurika kana ichiridzwa, ruzha rwaiyerera zvakasununguka uye rwakasimba kupfuura mamwe marudzi ezviridzwa zvekeyboard zvakadamburwa zvehukuru hwakafanana.

Iyo claviciterium yakashandiswa seyoga, chamber-ensemble uye orchestral chiridzwa.

Nechinyakare, zviridzwa zvezana ramakore rechi 17 nerechi18 zvakashongedzwa zvakanyanyisa nemifananidzo, kuveza uye inlays.

 Imwe yemhando dzakajairika dzekupenda yaive mifananidzo yemubhaibheri inoratidza zviridzwa.

Somuenzaniso, mundangariro dzavanhu vokuEurope vomuMiddle Ages uye Renaissance, rudimbwa rwaibatanidzwa zvakasimba naMambo Dhavhidhi womuBhaibheri, munyori wengano wemapisarema. Mumifananidzo, aiwanzoratidzwa achiridza chiridzwa ichi paaifudza mombe (Dhavhidhi akanga ari mufudzi pauduku hwake). Kududzirwa kwakadaro kwenyaya yemubhaibheri kwakaunza Mambo Dhavhidhi pedyo naOrpheus, uyo aipingudza mhuka nokuridza kwake mbira. Asi kazhinji kazhinji Dhavhidhi anogona kuonwa achiridza mbira pamberi paSauro aisuruvara: “Zvino Sauro akatuma shoko kuna Jese, achiti: Dhavhidhi ngaandishumire, nokuti wakawana nyasha pamberi pangu. Zvino mweya wakabva kuna Mwari pawakauya pamusoro paSauro, Dhavhidhi akatora rudimbwa, akaridza, Sauro akawedzera kufara, uye mweya wakaipa ukabva kwaari ”(1 Madzimambo 16: 22-23).

Mhinduro inoshamisa yekugadzira yakashandiswa neasingazivikanwe Bohemian muimbi wezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, akashongedza claviciterium nependi yake, kwaakaratidza Mambo David achiridza rudimbwa. Panguva ino, chiridzwa ichi chiri muNew York Metropolitan Museum yeArt.

Iyo yekare yasara claviciterium inochengetwa paRoyal College of Music muLondon. Inofungidzirwa kuve yakatenderedza 1480 kugadzirwa. Yaifungidzirwa kuti yakagadzirwa muSouthern Germany, muUlm kana Nuremberg.