Ariy Moiseevich Pazovsky |

Ariy Pazovsky

Soviet conductor, People's Artist yeUSSR (1940), akahwina matatu Stalin Prize (1941, 1942, 1943). Pazovsky akaita basa guru mukuvandudzwa kweRussia neSoviet musical theatre. Upenyu hwake hwekusika muenzaniso wakajeka webasa rekuzvipira kune unyanzvi hwake hwekuzvarwa. Pazovsky akanga ari nyanzvi yechokwadi yeunyanzvi, aigara akatendeka kune zvinangwa zveunyanzvi hwechokwadi.

Mudzidzi waLeopold Auer, Pazovsky akatanga basa rake rokudhirowa semuridzi we<em>virtuoso we<em>violinist, achipa makonzati pashure pokunge apedza kudzidza paSt. mubatsiri conductor paYekaterinburg Opera House. Kubva ipapo, kweinenge hafu yezana remakore, basa rake rave richibatanidzwa nemitambo yemitambo.

Kunyange kusati kwasvika October Revolution, Pazovsky akatungamirira makambani akawanda eOpera. Kwemwaka miviri aive mutungamiriri weOpera yaS. Zimin muMoscow (1908-1910), uyezve - Kharkov, Odessa, Kyiv. Nzvimbo yakakosha mune biography yemuimbi inobatwa nebasa rake rakazotevera muPetrograd People's House. Apa aitaura zvakawanda naChaliapin. "Kukurukurirana kwekusika naChaliapin," akadaro Pazovsky, "kudzidza kwakadzama kweunyanzvi hwake, kwakatsigirwa nerwiyo rwechiRussia uye tsika dzechokwadi dzemimhanzi yeRussia, pakupedzisira dzakandipwisa kuti hapana mamiriro edariro anofanira kukanganisa kuimba kwakanaka zvechokwadi, ndiko kuti, mimhanzi. … »

Tarenda raPazovsky rakazarurwa nesimba rakazara mushure meGreat October Revolution. Akaita zvakawanda pakuumbwa kwemakambani eOpera eUkraine, aive mutungamiriri mukuru weLeningrad Opera uye Ballet Theatre yakatumidzwa zita reSM Kirov (1936-1943), zvino kwemakore mashanu - mutungamiriri wehunyanzvi uye mukuru conductor weBolshoi Theatre yeUSSR. . (Zvisati zvadaro, aiita mitambo paBolshoi Theatre muna 1923-1924 uye muna 1925-1928.)

Hezvino izvo K. Kondrashin anotaura pamusoro paPazovsky: "Kana iwe ukabvunza kuti iwe unogona sei kutaura Pazovsky's credo yekusika muchidimbu, ipapo iwe unogona kupindura: hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye hunyanzvi kune iwe nevamwe. Pane nyaya dzinozivikanwa pamusoro pekuti Pazovsky akadzinga sei maartist kuneta nezvinodiwa zve "nguva" yakakodzera. Zvichakadaro, nekuita izvi, akazowana rusununguko rukuru rwekugadzira, sezvo nyaya dzetekinoroji dzakave dzakareruka uye hadzina kutora pfungwa dzemuimbi. Pazovsky aida uye aiziva kudzokorora. Kunyangwe pakudzokorora kwezana, akawana mazwi ezvinodikanwa zvitsva zvetimbre uye mavara epfungwa. Uye chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti haana kutendeukira kune vanhu vane zviridzwa mumaoko avo, asi kune vaimbi: mirairo yake yese yaigara ichiperekedzwa nekururamiswa kwepfungwa ... Pazovsky ndiye mudzidzisi weboka renyeredzi revaimbi ve opera vekirasi yepamusoro. Preobrazhenskaya, Nelepp, Kashevarova, Yashugiya, Freidkov, Verbitskaya nevamwe vakawanda vane chikwereti chekukura kwavo kwekugadzira nekushanda naye ... Kuitwa kwega kwega kwePazovsky kwaigona kurekodhwa pafirimu, kuita kwacho kwanga kwakaperera.

Hongu, kuita kwaPazovsky nguva dzose kwakava chiitiko muhupenyu hweunyanzvi hwenyika. Zvinyorwa zveRussia zviri pakati pekutarisa kwake kwekusika: Ivan Susanin, Ruslan naLyudmila, Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Prince Igor, Sadko, Maid wePskov, Snow Maiden, Mambokadzi weSpades , "Eugene Onegin", "The Enchantress", " Mazeppa”… Kazhinji izvi zvaive zvemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa! Pamwe chete nemaRussia uye ekunze classics, Pazovsky akapa simba rakawanda kuSoviet opera. Saka, muna 1937 akaisa O. Chishko "Battleship Potemkin", uye muna 1942 - "Emelyan Pugachev" naM. Koval.

Pazovsky akashanda uye akasika hupenyu hwake hwose ane chinangwa chisingawanzo uye kuzvipira. Kurwara kwakakomba chete kwaigona kumubvisa pabasa rake raaida. Asi kunyange zvakadaro haana kukanda mapfumo pasi. Mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, Pazovsky akashanda pabhuku raakaburitsa zvakadzama uye zvakazara izvo chaizvo zvebasa re opera conductor. Bhuku ratenzi anoshamisa rinobatsira zvizvarwa zvitsva zvevaimbi kufamba munzira yeunyanzvi hwechokwadi, iyo Pazovsky akanga akatendeka muupenyu hwake hwose.

Lit.: Pazovsky A. Conductor uye muimbi. M. 1959; Manotsi eMutungamiriri. M., 1966.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek