Antal Doráti (Antal Doráti) |

Doráti Antal

Kune vashoma makondukita vane marekodhi akawanda seAntalu Dorati. Makore mashomanana apfuura, mafemu eAmerica akamupa rekodhi yegoridhe - kune imwe nehafu yemamiriyoni discs akatengeswa; uye gore rakatevera vaifanira kupa muitisi mumwe mubairo wakadaro kechipiri. “Zvichida rekodhi renyika! akadanidzira mumwe wevatsoropodzi. Hukuru hwekuita kwehunyanzvi hwaDorati hwakakura. Kunenge kusina orchestra huru muEurope yaaisazoita nayo gore negore; kondakita anopa makonzati akawanda pagore, asingakwanisi kubhururuka kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe nendege. Uye muzhizha - mitambo: Venice, Montreux, Lucerne, Florence ... Nguva yese iri kurekodha pamarekodhi. Uye pakupedzisira, munguva pfupi, kana muimbi asipo pakunyaradza, anokwanisa kuumba mimhanzi: mumakore achangopfuura akanyora cantatas, cello concerto, symphony uye akawanda ensembles ekamuri.

Paakabvunzwa kwaanowana nguva yezvose izvi, Dorathy anopindura kuti: “Zviri nyore. Ndinomuka zuva nezuva na7:XNUMX mangwanani ndoshanda kubva paXNUMX kusvika pahafu: XNUMX:XNUMX. Dzimwe nguva kunyange manheru. Zvinokosha zvikuru kuti ndakadzidziswa ndichiri mwana kuisa pfungwa pabasa. Pamba, muBudapest, zvagara zvakadaro: mune imwe kamuri, baba vangu vaidzidzisa violin, mune imwe, amai vangu vairidza piyano.

Dorati iHungary nerudzi. Bartok naKodai vaiwanzoshanyira kumba kwevabereki vake. Dorati akasarudza kuita kondakita achiri mudiki. Nechekare pazera remakore gumi nemana, akaronga mudzidzi orchestra mujiminasi yake, uye gumi namasere panguva imwe chete akagamuchira gymnasium chitupa uye dhipuroma kubva Academy of Music piyano (kubva E. Donany) uye kuumbwa (kubva L. Weiner). Akagamuchirwa semubatsiri kondakita pamutambo wacho. Kuva pedyo nedenderedzwa revaimbi vanofambira mberi kwakabatsira Dorati kuti arambe achiziva zvose zvichangoburwa munziyo dzemazuva ano, uye kushanda mu opera kwakabatsira mukuwaniswa kwechiitiko chaidiwa.

Muna 1928, Dorati anosiya Budapest ndokuenda kunze kwenyika. Anoshanda semutungamiri munhandare dzeMunich neDresden, anopa makonzati. Chido chekufamba chakamuendesa kuMonte Carlo, kune chinzvimbo chemukuru mukuru weRussia Ballet - mutsivi weboka reDiaghilev. Kwemakore akawanda - kubva 1934 kusvika 1940 - Dorati akafamba neMonte Carlo Ballet muEurope neAmerica. Masangano emakonzati eAmerica akakwevera pfungwa kune conductor: muna 1937 akaita dambarefu rake neNational Symphony Orchestra muWashington, muna 1945 akakokwa semukuru conductor muDallas, uye makore mana gare gare akatsiva Mitropoulos semukuru weorchestra muMinneapolis, kwaakagara makore anegumi namaviri.

Makore aya ndiwo akanyanya kukosha mubiography ye conductor; mukupenya kwayo kwose, mano ake somudzidzisi nomurongi akaratidzirwa. Mitropoulos, ari muimbi akangwara, aisada kushanda nesimba neochestra uye akasiya timu iri muhurombo. Nenguva isipi Dorati akaisimudza kusvika padanho reakanakisa eAmerican orchestras, ane mukurumbira nekuda kwechirango chavo, kuenzana kwekunzwika uye kubatana kwakabatana. Mumakore achangopfuura, Dorathy akanyanya kushanda muEngland, kubva kwaanoita nzendo dzake dzakawanda dzekonzati. Kubudirira kukuru kwaiva kuita kwake “munyika yokumusha kwake, “Muitisi akanaka anofanira kuva namavara maviri,” anodaro Dorati, “kutanga, chimiro chenziyo chakachena: anofanira kunzwisisa nokunzwa nziyo dzacho. Izvi zvinoenda pasina kutaura. Yechipiri inoita seisina chekuita nemimhanzi: muitisi anofanira kukwanisa kupa mirairo. Asi muhunyanzvi hwe "kuraira" zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chakasiyana pane, toti, muuto. Mune art, haugone kupa maodha nekuda kwekuti iwe uri chinzvimbo chepamusoro: vaimbi vanofanirwa kuda kutamba nenzira yavanoudzwa nemurairidzi.

Ndiwo mimhanzi uye kujeka kwemafungiro ake anokwezva Dorati. Basa renguva refu neballet rakamudzidzisa rhythmic discipline. Anonyanya kuburitsa zvine mavara mimhanzi ye ballet. Izvi zvinosimbiswa, kunyanya, nezvinyorwa zvake zveStravinsky's The Firebird, Borodin's Polovtsian Dances, iyo suite kubva kuDelibes 'Coppélia, uye sutu yake yewaltzes naJ. Strauss.

Hutungamiri hwenguva dzose hweimba huru ye symphony orchestra yakabatsira Dorati kuti asaganhurira repertoire yake kumabasa gumi nemashanu echinyakare uye emazuva ano, asi kuti arambe achiwedzera. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nerunyoro rwekumwe runyorwa rwemamwe marekodhi akajairika. Pano tinowana akawanda enziyo dzeBeethoven, Tchaikovsky's Fourth and Sixth, Dvorak's Fifth, Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade, Bartók's The Bluebeard's Castle, Liszt's Hungarian Rhapsodies uye Enescu's Romanian Exerberberg na Werzenberg Rhapsodies na Werzenberg Rhapsodies Rhapsodies Rhapsodies Bertók. “An American in Paris” rakanyorwa naGershwin, makonzati akawanda anoridzwa umo Dorati anoita somumwe munhu akajeka uye akaenzana wevanoimba vari voga vakadai saG. Shering, B. Jainis, uye vamwe vaimbi vane mukurumbira.

"Contemporary Conductor", M. 1969.