Andrey Gavrilov |

Andrei Gavrilov

Andrei Vladimirovich Gavrilov akaberekwa musi waSeptember 21, 1955 muMoscow. Baba vake vaiva muimbi ane mukurumbira; amai - piano, uyo akadzidza pane imwe nguva GG Neuhaus. "Ndakadzidziswa mimhanzi kubva pazera re4," anodaro Gavrilov. “Asi kazhinji, sokurangarira kwandinorangarira, muhuduku hwangu zvaindifadza zvikuru kushatisa mapenzura nependi. Hazvishamisi here: Ndaishuvira kuita penda, mukoma wangu – muimbi. Uye zvakabva zvasiyana. ”…

Kubva 1960, Gavrilov ari kudzidza paCentral Music School. Kubva zvino zvichienda mberi uye kwemakore akawanda, TE Kestner (uyo akadzidzisa N. Petrov nevamwe vakawanda vairidza piyano vane mukurumbira) anova mudzidzisi wake muhunyanzvi hwake. "Paiva panguva iyoyo, kuchikoro, apo rudo rwechokwadi rwepiyano rwakauya kwandiri," Gavrilov anoyeuka kudaro. "Tatyana Evgenievna, muimbi ane tarenda risingawanzo uye ruzivo, akandidzidzisa kosi yakasimbiswa yedzidziso. Mukirasi yake, aigara achiteerera zvakanyanya pakuumbwa kwehunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi mune ramangwana piano. Kwandiri, kana kuna vamwe, kwave kuri kwebetsero huru mukufamba kwenguva. Kana ndisina kuzova nedambudziko ripi neripi ne“maitiro” gare gare, ndatenda, kutanga, kumudzidzisi wangu wechikoro. Ndinoyeuka kuti Tatyana Evgenievna akaita zvakawanda kuti aise mandiri rudo rwemimhanzi yaBach nevamwe vatenzi vekare; izviwo hazvina kuitika. Uye sei nounyanzvi uye zvakarurama Tatyana Evgenievna akaunganidza dzidzo uye pedagogical repertoire! Basa rega rega muzvirongwa zvakasarudzwa naye rakave rakafanana, rinenge iro rega raidiwa panguva ino pakuvandudza kwemudzidzi wake ... "

Paaiva mugiredhi 9 yeCentral Music School, Gavrilov akaita rwendo rwake rwekutanga kune dzimwe nyika, achiita muYugoslavia pamhemberero dzemhemberero dzechikoro chemimhanzi cheBelgrade "Stankovic". Mugore rimwe chetero, akakokwa kuti atore chikamu mune imwe symphony manheru eGorky Philharmonic; akaridza Tchaikovsky's First Piano Concerto muGorky uye, kutonga neuchapupu huripo, zvakabudirira.

Kubva 1973, Gavrilov ari mudzidzi paMoscow State Conservatory. Mudzidzisi wake mutsva ndiye Purofesa LN Naumov. "Nzira yekudzidzisa yaLev Nikolayevich yakave nenzira dzakawanda zvakasiyana nezvandakanga ndajaira mukirasi yaTatyana Evgenievna," anodaro Gavrilov. “Mushure mekuomesera, kwechinyakare, dzimwe nguva, pamwe hunyanzvi hwekuita hwakaganhurirwa. Ehe, izvi zvakandifadza zvakanyanya ... "Munguva ino, mufananidzo wekugadzira wechidiki muimbi unoumbwa zvakanyanya. Uye, sezvinowanzoitika muhuduku hwake, pamwe chete nezvisingarambiki, zvinonyatsooneka zvakanakira, dzimwe nguva dzinokakavadzana, kusaenzana, dzinonzwawo mumutambo wake - izvo zvinowanzonzi "mari yekukura". Dzimwe nguva muGavrilov muiti, "chisimba chekutsamwa" chinoratidzwa - sezvo iye pachake anozotsanangura iyi pfuma yake; dzimwe nguva, mashoko okutsoropodza anoitwa kwaari pamusoro pekutaura kwokuwedzeredza kwemimhanzi yake-kugadzira, kushama zvakanyanyisa manzwiro, tsika dzakakwirira zvikuru dzedariro. Pamusoro pezvose izvi, zvisinei, hapana weakasika "vanopikisa" anoramba kuti anokwanisa zvakanyanya kukwezva, kupisa vateereri vanoteerera - asi ichi hachisi chiratidzo chekutanga uye chikuru chetarenda rehunyanzvi?

Muna 1974, wechidiki ane makore gumi nemasere akapinda muFifth International Tchaikovsky Competition. Uye anowana budiriro huru, yakasarudzika - mubairo wekutanga. Pakati pemhinduro dzakawanda kuchiitiko ichi, zvinonakidza kutora mazwi eEV Malinin. Achitora panguva iyoyo chigaro chedhipatimendi wepiyano faculty yeConservatory, Malinin aiziva Gavrilov zvakakwana - pluses yake uye minuses, yakashandiswa uye isina kushandiswa kugadzira zviwanikwa. “Ndine tsitsi huru,” akanyora kudaro, “ndinobata uyu jaya, zvikurukuru nemhaka yokuti ane tarenda zvikuru zvomenemene. Zvinoshamisa spontaneity, kupenya kwemutambo wake kunotsigirwa nekutanga-kirasi tekinoroji zvishandiso. Kutaura chokwadi, hapana matambudziko ehunyanzvi kwaari. Iye zvino anotarisana nerimwe basa - kudzidza kuzvidzora. Kana akabudirira mubasa iri (uye ndinovimba kuti nokufamba kwenguva achazviita), saka tarisiro yake inoita seinopenya zvikuru kwandiri. Panyaya yehukuru hwetarenda rake - zvese zvemumhanzi uye piano, maererano nerumwe rudzi rwemhando yekudziya kwazvo, maererano nemafungiro ake kune chiridzwa (kusvika parizvino kunyanya kurira kwepiyano), ane chikonzero chekuenderera mberi nekumira. zvakaenzana nevatambi vedu vakuru. Kunyanguvezvo, chokwadika, iye anofanira kunzwisisa kuti mubairo womubairo wokutanga kwaari kusvikira kutambanuko yakati kufanomirira, kutarira munguva yemberi. (Varidzi vepiyano vemazuva ano. S. 123.).

Pane imwe nguva mushure mekukunda kwemakwikwi padanho guru, Gavrilov pakarepo anozviwana akabatwa nehupamhi hwehupenyu hwephilharmonic. Izvi zvinopa zvakawanda kune mutambi wechidiki. Kuziva kwemitemo yechiitiko chehunyanzvi, ruzivo rwebasa rekushanya mhenyu, chekutanga. Iyo inosiyana-siyana repertoire, ikozvino yakarongeka yakazadzikiswa naye (zvimwe pane izvi zvichakurukurwa gare gare), kechipiri. Pane, pakupedzisira, chetatu: kukurumbira kukuru kunouya kwaari zvose zviri zviviri kumusha nokunze; anoita zvinobudirira munyika dzakawanda, vaongorori vane mukurumbira vekuWestern Europe vanopa mhinduro dzetsitsi kune maclavirabends ake munhau.

Panguva imwecheteyo, danho haringopi chete, asiwo rinotora; Gavrilov, kufanana nevamwe vaaishanda navo, nokukurumidza anova nechokwadi ichi chokwadi. “Mazuva ano, ndiri kutanga kunzwa kuti kufamba nzendo refu kuri kundinetesa. Zvinoitika kuti iwe unofanirwa kuita kusvika makumi maviri, kana kunyange makumi maviri neshanu pamwedzi (kwete kuverenga zvinyorwa) - izvi zvakaoma zvikuru. Uyezve, handikwanise kutamba nguva yakazara; nguva dzose, sezvavanotaura, ndinopa zvose zvandinogona pasina tsvakiridzo ... Uye zvino, chokwadi, chimwe chinhu chakafanana nekusava nechinhu chinosimuka. Ikozvino ndiri kuedza kuganhurira mashanya angu. Chokwadi, hazvisi nyore. Nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana. Nenzira dzakawanda, zvichida nokuti ini, pasinei nezvose, ndinoda chaizvo makonzati. Kwandiri, uyu mufaro usingagoni kuenzaniswa nechimwe chinhu ... "

Tichitarisa kumashure pakugadzira biography yeGavrilov mumakore achangopfuura, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti akanga ane rombo rakanaka mune imwe nzira. Kwete nemenduru yemakwikwi - kwete kutaura nezvazvo; pamakwikwi evaimbi, ramangwana rinogara richifarira mumwe munhu, kwete mumwe munhu; izvi zvinonyatsozivikanwa uye tsika. Gavrilov aiva rombo mune imwe nzira: ramangwana akamupa musangano pamwe Svyatoslav Teofilovich Richter. Uye kwete muchimiro cheimwe kana maviri asina kurongeka, mazuva anongopfuura, semune mamwe. Zvakaitika kuti Richter akacherechedza muimbi wechidiki, akamuswededza pedyo naye, akatakurwa netarenda raGavrilov, uye akatora chikamu chinofadza mairi.

Gavrilov pachake anodana kuwirirana kwekugadzira naRichter "danho rinokosha zvikuru" muupenyu hwake. "Ndinoona Svyatoslav Teofilovich Mudzidzisi wangu wechitatu. Kunyangwe, kutaura chaiko, haana kumbondidzidzisa chero chinhu - mukududzirwa kwechinyakare kwezwi iri. Kazhinji zvaiitika kuti akangogara pasi piyano ndokutanga kuridza: Ini, ndakagara pedyo, ndakatarisa nemaziso angu ose, ndakateerera, ndakafungisisa, ndikayeuka - zvakaoma kufungidzira chikoro chakanakisisa chemuiti. Uye ingani hurukuro naRichter inondipa nezve pendi, bhaisikopo kana mimhanzi, nezve vanhu uye hupenyu ... Uri kuchaja nemagetsi ekugadzira, kana chimwe chinhu. Uye kana wapedza ukagara pachiridzwa, unotanga kutamba nekurudziro yakakosha. "

Mukuwedzera kune zvataurwa pamusoro apa, tinogona kuyeuka kuti panguva yeOlympics-80, Muscovites nevaenzi veguta guru vakawana mukana wekupupurira chiitiko chisingawanzoitiki mukuita kwemimhanzi. Mune inoyevedza museum-estate "Arkhangelskoye", kusiri kure neMoscow, Richter naGavrilov vakapa kutenderera kwemakonzati mana, apo 16 Handel's harpsichord suites (yakarongerwa piyano) yakaitwa. Apo Richter akagara pasi papiyano, Gavrilov akashandura manotsi kwaari: yakanga iri nguva yemuimbi wechidiki kutamba - tenzi ane mbiri "akamubatsira". Kumubvunzo - iyo pfungwa yekutenderera yakauya sei? Richter akapindura kuti: “Handina kutamba Handel saka ndakafunga kuti zvaizonakidza kuidzidza. Uye Andrew anobatsirawo. Saka takaita masutu ese ” (Zemel I. Muenzaniso wekudzidzisa kwechokwadi // Sov. mimhanzi. 1981. No 1. P. 82.). Kuitwa kwevaridzi vepiyano kwakanga kusina chete ruzha rukuru rwevanhu, izvo zvinotsanangurwa zviri nyore munyaya iyi; akavaperekedza nekubudirira kunoshamisa. "... Gavrilov," mutori wenhau wemimhanzi akati, "akatamba zvakafanira uye zvinogutsa zvekuti haana kupa chikonzero chidiki chekupokana huchokwadi hweiyi pfungwa yekutenderera kweuXNUMX buXNUMXb, uye kugona kwemubatanidzwa mutsva" (Ibid.).

Kana iwe ukatarisa mamwe mapurogiramu eGavrilov, zvino nhasi unogona kuona vanyori vakasiyana mavari. Anowanzo kutendeukira kumimhanzi yekare, rudo rwakaiswa maari naTE Kestner. Nokudaro, manheru ehurukuro yaGavrilov yakatsaurirwa kuBach's clavier concertos haana kuenda asingaonekwi (muimbi wepiyano aiperekedzwa nechamber ensemble yakaitwa naYuri Nikolaevsky). Anoridza achida Mozart (Sonata muA major), Beethoven (Sonata muC-sharp minor, "Moonlight"). Mutambi werudo repertoire anotaridzika zvinoshamisa: Schumann (Carnival, Butterflies, Carnival yeVienna), Chopin (24 zvidzidzo), Liszt (Campanella) nezvimwe zvakawanda. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti munzvimbo ino, zvichida, zviri nyore kwaari kuti azviratidze, kuti ataure hunyanzvi hwake "Ini": kunaka kwakanakisa, kwakajeka kweruvara rwerudo kwagara kuri pedyo naye semuiti. Gavrilov akavewo nezvakawanda zvaakawana mumhanzi weRussia, Soviet neWestern Europe wezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Tinogona kudoma mune izvi dudziro yake yeBalakirev's Islamey, Kusiyana muF huru uye Tchaikovsky's Concerto muB flat minor, Scriabin's Eighth Sonata, Rachmaninoff's Third Concerto, Delusion, zvidimbu kubva kuRomeo naJuliet cycle uye Prokofiev's Eighth Sonata yekuruboshwe, Concerto. ruoko uye "Night Gaspard" naRavel, zvidimbu zvina naBerg nokuda kweclarinet nepiyano (pamwe chete neclarinetist A. Kamyshev), mabasa ezwi naBritten (ane muimbi A. Ablaberdiyeva). Gavrilov anoti akazviita mutemo wekuzadza repertoire yake gore rega rega nemapurogiramu mana matsva - ega, symphonic, chamber-instrumental.

Kana akasatsauka kubva pamusimboti uyu, nekufamba kwenguva pfuma yake yekugadzira inozove nhamba yakakura kwazvo yemabasa akasiyana.

* * *

Pakati pemakore makumi masere Gavrilov akaita kunyanya kunze kwenyika kwenguva yakareba. Ipapo anozoonekwazve pamatanho ekonzati yeMoscow, Leningrad nemamwe maguta enyika. Vanoda mimhanzi vanowana mukana wekusangana naye uye vanokoshesa izvo zvinonzi "kutaridzika kutsva" - mushure menguva - kutamba kwake. Matambiro emupiyano anokwezva kutariswa kwevatsoropodzi uye anoongororwa zvakanyanya kana kushoma mupepanhau. Ongororo yakaonekwa panguva iyi pamapeji emagazini Musical Life inoratidza - yakatevera Gavrilov's clavirabend, uko kwakaitwa naSchumann, Schubert nevamwe vanyori. "Misiyano yekonti imwe chete" - aya ndiwo manyorerwo akaitwa nemunyori. Zviri nyore kunzwa mairi kuti maitiro ekutamba kwaGavrilov, mafungiro iwayo kwaari uye unyanzvi hwake, izvo zvinowanzoitika nhasi kune nyanzvi uye chikamu chinokwanisa chevateereri. Muongorori anowanzo ongorora mashandiro emuimbi wepiyano. Nekudaro, anoti, "pfungwa yeclavirabend yakaramba isina kujeka." Nokuti, "pamwe chete nezvakazarurwa zvemumhanzi zvinotipinza munzvimbo tsvene yenziyo, paive nenhambo apa dzaive zvakanyanya" dzekunze ", dzaive dzisina kudzika kwehunyanzvi." Kune rimwe divi, ongororo inonongedza, "kugona kufunga zvizere," kune rimwe divi, kusakwana kwetsananguro yezvinyorwa, semhedzisiro yacho, "kure nechero hunyengeri ... vakanzwa uye" vakateerera " sekuda kwemimhanzi ... zvimwe zvakakosha zvakatsvedza, zvakaramba zvisingaonekwe " (Kolesnikov N. Contrasts of one concert // Musical life. 1987. No 19. P. 8.).

Manzwiro akafanana uye anopokana akasimuka kubva mukududzirwa kwaGavrilov kweTchaikovsky's yakakurumbira B flat minor concerto (yechipiri hafu yeXNUMXs). Zvakawanda pano pasina mubvunzo zvakabudirira mutambi wepiyano. Kubwinya kwemaitiro ekuita, ruzha rwakanaka "Empire", iyo convexly yakatsanangurwa "pedyo-ups" - zvese izvi zvakaita kupenya, kuhwina fungidziro. (Uye ndezvipi zvakanga zviri migumisiro ye<em>octave inokatyamadza muchikamu chekutanga nechechitatu chekonti yekonzati, iyo yakapinza chikamu chinoorora zvikuru chevateereri mukubvutwa!) Panguva imwe cheteyo, kuridza kwaGavrilov, kutaura chokwadi, kwakanga kusina ushingi husingavanziki, uye “ kuzviratidza”, uye zvitadzo zvinoonekwa muchidimbu kuravira uye kuyera.

Ndinoyeuka konzati yeGavrilov, yakaitika muHoro huru yeConservatory muna 1968 (Chopin, Rachmaninov, Bach, Scarlatti). Ndinoyeuka, zvakare, muimbi wepiyano pamwe chete neLondon Orchestra inotungamirirwa naV. Ashkenazy (1989, Rachmaninov's Second Concerto). Uye zvakare zvinhu zvose zvakafanana. Nguva dzekugadzira mhanzi dzakadzama dzinopindirana nekutendeseka kwechokwadi, nziyo, hutsinye uye ruzha. Chinhu chikuru ipfungwa yehunyanzvi isingaenderane nezvigunwe zvinomhanya ...

… Gavrilov mutambi wekonzati ane vanhu vanoyemura vakawanda. Zviri nyore kunzwisisa. Ndiani achakakavara, mumhanzi pano hauwanzoitiki: yakanakisa intuition; kugona kuita mhenyu, udiki kudavidza zvine mutsindo uye zvakananga kune yakanaka mumhanzi, isina kushandiswa panguva yekutamba kwakadzama kwekonzati. Uye, chokwadi, inokwezva hunyanzvi. Gavrilov, sezvaanomuona neruzhinji, anonyatsovimba maari - ichi chinhu chikuru. Ane akavhurika, anoshamwaridzana pachikuva hunhu, tarenda "rakavhurika" ndeimwe yekuwedzera. Chekupedzisira, zvakakoshawo kuti asununguke mukati pachikuva, achizvibata akasununguka uye asingadzoreki (dzimwe nguva, pamwe akasununguka zvakanyanya uye asingadzoreki ...). Kudiwa nevateereri - vateereri vakawanda - izvi zvinopfuura zvakakwana.

Panguva imwecheteyo, ndinoda kutarisira kuti tarenda remuimbi richapenya nezvikamu zvitsva nekufamba kwenguva. Kuti kudzika kukuru kwemukati, kukomba, kurema kwepfungwa kwekududzira kuchauya kwaari. Iyo tekinoroji inozowedzera kuyevedza uye nekunatswa, tsika yehunyanzvi inozonyanya kuoneka, maitiro echikuva achave akanaka uye akasimba. Uye kuti, achisara iye pachake, Gavrilov, semuongorori, haazorambi asina kuchinjwa - mangwana achange ari mune chimwe chinhu chakasiyana nhasi.

Nokuti iyi ndiyo pfuma yematarenda ose makuru, anokosha zvechokwadi - kubva kune "nhasi", kubva pane zvakatowanikwa, zvakawanikwa, zvakaedzwa - kuenda kune zvisingazivikanwe uye zvisina kuwanikwa ...

G. Tsypin, 1990