Alexander Abramovich Chernov |

Alexander Chernov

Chernov - Leningrad muimbi, musicologist, mudzidzisi uye mudzidzisi. Mamiriro ayo anosiyanisa ndeyekusiyana-siyana uye hupamhi hwezvido, kutarisisa kumhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi, kurwira madingindira emazuva ano.

Alexander Abramovich Pen (Chernov) akaberekwa November 7, 1917 muPetrograd. Akatanga kuumba mimhanzi pakati pemakore ekuma30, paakapinda muMusical College paLeningrad Conservatory, asi zvino akanga asati asarudza mimhanzi sebasa rake. Muna 1939, Peng akapedza kudzidza kubva kuFaculty of Chemistry yeLeningrad University uye akatanga kushanda mune iyi nyanzvi, uye mwedzi mishoma gare gare akanzi apinde muchiuto. Akapedza makore matanhatu ebasa rechiuto kuFar East, mukupera kwa1945 akadzingwa ndokudzokera kuLeningrad. Muna 1950 Peng akapedza kudzidza kubva kuLeningrad Conservatory (makirasi ekuumbwa aM. Steinberg, B. Arapov naV. Voloshinov). Kubva panguva iyoyo, mabasa emimhanzi akasiyana-siyana aPan akatanga, achitora zita rekuti Chernov semunyori wemanyepo mukurangarira tezvara vake M. Chernov, munyori wenziyo nemudzidzisi weLeningrad.

Chernov inoreva mubasa rake kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana emimhanzi, anonyatsozviratidza semuongorori wemimhanzi, munyori wemabhuku uye zvinyorwa pamusoro pemimhanzi, semudzidzisi ane tarenda uye mudzidzisi. Muimbi akatendeukira kurudzi rweoperetta kaviri muna 1953-1960 ("White Nights Street" uye, pamwe naA. Petrov, "Vadzidzi Vatatu Vakararama").

Nzira yehupenyu yeAA Pan (Chernov) yakaguma musi waMay 5, 1971. Mukuwedzera kune operettas yakataurwa, rondedzero yemabasa ekugadzira yakasikwa kwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu inosanganisira symphonic poem "Danko", opera "First Joys", a. kutenderera kwezwi kunoenderana nenhetembo dzaPrevert, ma ballet "Icarus", "Gadfly", "Optimistic Tragedy" uye "Zvakasarudzwa mumusha" (vekupedzisira vaviri vakanyora pamwe naG. Hunger), nziyo, zvidimbu zvezvakasiyana. orchestra, mimhanzi yemitambo nemafirimu, mabhuku - "I. Dunayevsky", "Maitiro ekuteerera mimhanzi", zvitsauko mubhuku re "Musical form", "Mumhanzi wakareruka, jazz, kuravira kwakanaka" (yakanyorwa pamwe naBialik), zvinyorwa mumagazini nemapepanhau, nezvimwe.

L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich

Andrei Petrov nezveAlexander Chernov

Mumakore ekutanga mushure mehondo, ndakadzidza paLeningrad Musical College. NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Pamusoro pe solfeggio uye kuwirirana, dzidziso uye nhoroondo yemimhanzi, takatora zvidzidzo zvakajairika: zvinyorwa, algebra, mutauro wekunze ...

Mumwe murume wechidiki, aiyevedza zvikuru akauya kuzotidzidzisa kosi yefizikisi. Akatarisa achitinyomba - vaimbi venguva yemberi, vaimbi vepiyano - akataura zvinofadza nezvaEinstein, nezvemanyutroni nemapurotoni, akakurumidza kudhirowa mafomula pabhodhi uye, asinganyatsovimbi nekunzwisisa kwedu, nekuda kwekunyengetedza kukuru kwetsananguro dzake, mazwi anosetsa akasanganiswa emuviri. nevaimbi.

Ipapo ndakamuona ari pachikuva cheHoro Diki yeConservatory, akakotama mukunyara mushure mekuita kwenhetembo yake ye symphonic "Danko" - chimiro chepwere uye chepfungwa. Uye zvino, semunhu wese aivepo zuva iroro, ndakatorwa moyo nekutaura kwake kunofadza pahurukuro yevadzidzi nezvebasa remuimbi wechidiki weSoviet. Aiva Alexander Chernov.

Maonero ekutanga pamusoro pake, semunhu ane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye anozviratidza zvakajeka munzvimbo dzakawanda, haana kumbobvira aita tsaona.

Kune vaimbi vakaisa tarenda ravo, kuedza kwavo mune imwe ndima yechiitiko, imwe yemhando yekugadzira, nguva dzose uye nekuenderera mberi nekuvandudza chero chikamu chimwe cheunyanzvi hwemimhanzi. Asi kunewo vaimbi vanoedza kuzviratidza muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana nemhando, mune zvose zvinozoumba pfungwa yemimhanzi tsika. Rudzi urwu rwemumhanzi wepasirese rwakanyanya hunhu hwezana redu ramakore - zana rekutanga uye rakapinza kurwisa kwezvinzvimbo zveaesthetic, zana rezana rakanyanya kusimukira mumhanzi nevateereri vanosangana. Muimbi akadaro haasi iye munyori wemimhanzi chete, asiwo anoparadzira, mutsoropodzi, mudzidzisi, uye mudzidzisi.

Basa revaimbi vakadaro uye ukuru hwezvavakaita zvinogona kunzwisiswa chete nekuongorora basa ravo rose. Nziyo dzine tarenda mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemimhanzi, mabhuku akachenjera, anonakidza, maitiro akajeka paredhiyo neterevhizheni, pamusangano wevanyori uye hurukuro dzepasi rose - iyi ndiyo mhedzisiro iyo munhu anogona kutonga izvo Alexander Chernov akakwanisa kuita muhupenyu hwake hupfupi semuimbi.

Nhasi, hazvidi hazvo kuedza kuona kuti ndeipi yenzvimbo dzaakaita zvakawanda: mukunyora, mukutora nhau, kana mumitambo yemimhanzi nedzidzo. Uyezve, kunyange mitambo yomuromo yakatanhamara zvikurusa yevaimbi, kufanana nenziyo dzaOrpheus, inoramba iri muyeuko yaavo vakainzwa. Nhasi tine pamberi pedu mabasa ake: opera, ballets, nhetembo ye symphonic, kutenderera kwezwi, kwakamutswa neFedpn dilogy uye ngano yemazuva ano yeIcarus, Voynich's The Gadfly, Remarque's anti-fascist novels uye Prevert's philosophical lyrics. Uye heino mabhuku "Maitiro ekuteerera mimhanzi", "Pamimhanzi yakareruka, pajazi, pakuravira kwakanaka", yakasara isina kupera "Pamakakatanwa pamusoro pemimhanzi yemazuva ano". Mune zvese izvi, madingindira ehunyanzvi, mifananidzo inonyanya kufadza kumoyo yedu nhasi, uye matambudziko emumhanzi neanoyevedza anogara ari mupfungwa dzedu, akaiswa mukati. Chernov akanga ari muimbi werudzi rwakadudzwa rwenjere. Izvi zvakazviratidza zvose mumhanzi wake wenhau, anosiyaniswa nekudzika uye kupinza kwekufunga kwake, uye mubasa remunyori wake, kwaaigara achitendeukira kumabhuku makuru euzivi. Mazano ake nezvirongwa aigara achiwana zvinofadza, achitakura hutsva uye zvakadzama zvinoreva. Nekuita kwake kwekusika, akaita seanosimbisa mazwi aPushkin kuti pfungwa yakabudirira ihafu yehondo.

Zvose muupenyu uye mubasa rake, kuvanzika kwakanga kusiri kune muimbi uyu. Akanga ari munhu anoshamwaridzana zvikuru uye achikara achikurukura nevanhu. Aigara achishanda munharaunda yavo uye akarwira nzvimbo dzakadai dzemimhanzi nemhando dzaaigona kuvimba nepamusoro pekugona kutaurirana kwevanhu: akanyora zvakawanda zvemitambo uye cinema, akapa hurukuro, uye akabatanidzwa mukukurukurirana kwakasiyana-siyana.

Mukutsvaga kwakabatana, nhaurirano, kukakavara, Chernov yakabata moto uye yakatakurwa. Kufanana nebhatiri, "akabhadhariswa" kubva pakukurukurirana nevatungamiriri nevadetembi, vatambi nevaimbi. Uye zvichida izvi zvinogonawo kutsanangura chokwadi chokuti kakawanda - mu ballet Icarus, mu operetta Vadzidzi Vatatu Vakararama, mubhuku rinonzi On Light Music, On Jazz, On Good Taste - akanyora pamwe neshamwari dzake.

Akanga achifarira mune zvose zvinotora uye zvinofadza nyika yehungwaru yevanhu vemazuva ano. Uye kwete mumimhanzi chete. Akaudzwa pamusoro pezvichangoburwa mufizikisi, aive nekunzwisisa kwakanakisa kwemabhuku (iye pachake akaita yakanakisa libretto ye opera yake kubva pane inoveli naK. Fedin), uye aifarira zvakanyanya matambudziko emabhaisikopo emazuva ano.

Chernov yakanyatso kuteedzera barometer yehupenyu hwedu hwemhirizhonga uye hunoshanduka hwemimhanzi. Aigara achiitira hanya zvikuru zvinodikanwa uye kuravidza kwavadi venziyo, uye zvikurukuru pwere. Kubva pahuwandu hukuru hwezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvemimhanzi uye maitiro, akaedza kushandisa nekushandisa zvese zvaaifunga, semuimbi weSoviet, zvakakosha uye zvakakosha kwaari nevateereri vake. Akanyora mimhanzi ye quartet nenziyo, aifarira zvakanyanya jazz uye folklore ye "bards", uye muchikamu chake chekupedzisira - ballet "Icarus" - akashandisa dzimwe nzira dze serial technique.

Alexander Chernov ane zera rakafanana naOctober, uye makore ekuumbwa, ushingi hwenyika yedu hwaisagona asi kukanganisa kuumbwa kwechimiro chake chehurumende uye chemimhanzi. Huduku hwake hwakabatana nemakore ezvirongwa zvemakore mashanu ekutanga, huduku hwake nehondo. Akatanga hupenyu hwakazvimirira semuimbi chete mukutanga 50s, uye zvese zvaakakwanisa kuita, akazviita mumakumi maviri emakore chete. Uye izvi zvose zvinoratidzwa nechisimbiso chepfungwa, tarenda uye chido chekusika. Muzvinyorwa zvake, Chernov ndiye anonyanya muimbi wenziyo. Mimhanzi yake ine rudo zvikuru, mifananidzo yaro yakasimbiswa uye inoratidzira. Zvizhinji zvezvinyorwa zvake zvakafukidzwa nerudzi rwekushungurudzika kushoma-aiita seainzwa kusasimba kwemazuva ake. Haana kuita zvakawanda. Akafunga nezve symphony, aida kunyora imwe opera, akarota symphonic nhetembo yakatsaurirwa Kurchatov.

Mutambo wake wekupedzisira, uchangotanga waive werudo pamavhesi aA. Blok.

…Inzwi rakanga rinotapira, uye danda rakanga riri nhete, Rakangokwirira pamikova youmambo, Rakabatanidzwa mukuvanda, mwana akachema Kuti hakuna achadzoka.

Kudanana uku kwaizova rwiyo rwaAlexander Chernov's swan. Asi mavhesi chete ndiwo akasara… Anonzwika senge epitaph yakajeka kumuimbi akangwara uye ane tarenda.