Ndeapi marudzi emimhanzi aripo?

Ndeapi marudzi emimhanzi aripo? Chimiro chemimhanzi ipfungwa ine capacious uye yakawanda. Inogona kutsanangurwa sekubatana kwekufananidzira, seti yenzira yekuratidza zvinyorwa zveunyanzvi uye zvepfungwa uchishandisa mutauro wemimhanzi.

Pfungwa yemhando yemimhanzi yakafararira zvekuti kududzirwa kwayo kunozviratidzira: izwi iri rinoshanda kune ese akasiyana eras, mhando, mafambiro uye zvikoro, pamwe nekuvanzi vega uye kunyange vatambi. Ngatiedzei kuona kuti ndeapi marudzi emimhanzi aripo.

Style yenguva

Pfungwa yemaitiro era inotarisa pane nhoroondo. Kune akawanda akapatsanurwa, mamwe acho anosimbisa eras hombe dzenhoroondo mukuvandudzwa kwemimhanzi (Renaissance, Baroque, classicism, zvemazuva ano, nezvimwewo), asi vamwe, pane zvinopesana, vakakamura nhoroondo yemimhanzi kuita nguva diki dzakambozivikanwa na. mamwe maitiro ehunyanzvi enhoroondo (romanticism, impressionism, modernism, nezvimwewo).

Muenzaniso wekare wemaitiro emunguva iyi mimhanzi yeBaroque, iyo hunhu hunofarira munyika yemukati memunhu, mutambo, ratidziro inosiyanisa yemasimba echisikigo, kusimukira kweopera uye mimhanzi yezviridzwa (C. Monteverdi, A. Vivaldi, GF Handel).

Genre style

Chimiro chemhando chinoratidza izvo zvemukati, hunyanzvi hwemimhanzi uye hunhu hwemamwe marudzi emimhanzi, ayo anogona kuverengerwa pazvikonzero zvakasiyana.

Nokudaro, pfungwa yemaitiro ndiyo inonyanya kukodzera kune iyo mhando umo maitiro anowanzoonekwa anoratidzwa zvakajeka. Izvi zvinosanganisira mhando dzinobva pamimhanzi yechivanhu (nziyo dzetsika dzakasiyana, kutamba kwevanhu), nziyo dzechechi, uye dzerudo.

Kana tikatora mabasa emhando huru (opera, oratorio, symphony, nezvimwewo), saka pano zvakare chimiro cheiyo genre chinogara chichiverengwa zvakajeka, zvisinei nekuti masitaera enguva, mafambiro uye manyorerwo emunyori akaiswa pamusoro payo. .

Asi kana munyori akauya nemhando itsva, saka munyaya iyi maitiro emhando yemhando yakaoma kugadzirisa pakarepo - nokuda kweizvi, nguva inofanira kupfuura, panguva iyo mamwe mabasa mumhando imwechete achaonekwa. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika, somuenzaniso, ne“nziyo dzisina mashoko” dzaMendelssohn. Bvumiranai, rwiyo rusinganzwisisike rusina mazwi, asi mushure memakumi mana nemasere emitambo yemhando iyi, vamwe vanyori vakatanga kudana mitambo yavo neushingi nezita rimwe chete.

Musical style

Maitiro ekuridza mimhanzi ane zvakawanda zvakafanana nemaitiro enguva: shure kwezvose, mamwe mafambiro anoonekwa nevanoimba nziyo senguva yakazara mumimhanzi.

Asi kune zvakare nzvimbo dzazvinogoneka kuratidza stylistic nuances yakasarudzika kwavari. Izvi zvinosanganisira Viennese classical chikoro (L. van Beethoven, J. Haydn, WA Mozart). Iyo classical dhairekitori inoratidzirwa nekureruka, kutaura, yakapfuma mutauro weHarmonic, uye yakadzama kuvandudzwa kwedingindira.

Paunenge uchitaura nezvemhando dzenziyo dziripo, munhu haagone kufuratira maitiro enyika.

National style

Hwaro hwemhando yemimhanzi yenyika ingano. Vaimbi vakakurumbira vazhinji vakafemerwa nenziyo dzechivanhu, vachidziruka muzvavakasika. Mamwe mabhuku anotova nemazita anoenderana (somuenzaniso, rhapsodies yeHungarian yaF. Liszt, “Hungarian Dances” naJ. Brahms, “Norwegian Folk Songs and Dances for Piano” naE. Grieg, “Aragonese Jota” naMI Glinka). Mune mamwe, folk motifs inova madingindira anotungamira (semuenzaniso, "Paive nemuti webirch mumunda" mukupedzisira kwePI Tchaikovsky's Fourth Symphony).

Kana tikasvika kumubvunzo wekuti ndeapi masitaera emimhanzi aripo, kubva pakuona kwezvikoro zvekuumba, vanyori vega uye vaimbi, saka tinogona kusiyanisa akati wandei mamwe masitayipi emimhanzi.

Composer association style

Kana chikoro chekunyora chinoratidzwa nehupamhi hwehumwe hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwekuita, saka zvine musoro kuratidza maitiro ari muchikoro ichi.

Tinogona kutaura nezve masitaera ezvikoro zvepolyphonic zveRenaissance, masitaera ezvikoro zvakasiyana zveItari zveOpera zvezana ramakore rechi 17, kana masitayipi ezvikoro zvezviridzwa zve17th-18th century.

Mumimhanzi yeRussia yezana remakore rechi19 pakanga panewo sangano rekugadzira revanyori - yakakurumbira "Mighty Handful". Kufanana kwemaitiro pakati pevanyori vakasanganisirwa muboka iri kwakaratidzwa mumutsara mumwe webudiriro, sarudzo yezvidzidzo, uye kuvimba nengano dzemimhanzi yeRussia.

Chimiro chemunyori wega

Manyorerwo emunyori ipfungwa iri nyore kutsanangura, nekuti basa remunyori chero upi zvake rinogumira kunguva pfupi uye mamwe maitiro enguva yemimhanzi. Saka, chaizvo nemabhawa ekutanga iwe unogona kuziva, semuenzaniso, mimhanzi yeMozart kana Rossini.

Nomuzvarirwo, munyori, kufanana nemunhu chero upi zvake, anochinja muupenyu hwake hwose, uye izvi zvinosiya mucherechedzo pamaitiro ebasa rake. Asi mamwe maitiro echinyorero achiri kuramba asina kuchinjika, ari ega kwaari, uye imhando ye "kufona kadhi" yemunyori.

Kuita maitiro

Unyanzvi hwekuita hunobva pamaitiro emuimbi emuimbi, uyo anodudzira chinangwa chemunyori nenzira yake. Maitiro ekuita anoratidzwa mumavara emanzwiro ekuita kwemabasa emumwe munyori.

Mienzaniso yakajeka pano ndevaya vanyori vaiva, nekuwedzera, vaimbi vane virtuoso. Izvi zvinosanganisira Niccolo Paganini, uyo akashamisa vateereri nehunyanzvi hwake hwakanaka uye hunyanzvi husina kujairika hwekuridza violin, uye mutambi wepiyano akangwara Sergei Rachmaninov, nyanzvi yemimhanzi yechokwadi, akaisa pasi rwiyo rwemhanzi kune yakasimba rhythmic pateni.

Heano maitiro akasiyana emimhanzi. Iri rondedzero, hongu, rinogona kuwedzeredzwa nechikamu pane zvimwe zvikonzero, sezvo nhaka yenyika yemimhanzi yakakura uye yakasiyana.