Toti Dal Monte (Toti Dal Monte) |

Toti Dal Monte

Toti Dal Monte (zita chairo - Antonietta Menegelli) akaberekwa musi waChikumi 27, 1893 muguta reMogliano Veneto. "Zita rangu reunyanzvi - Toti Dal Monte - rakanga risiri, mumashoko eGodoni, chibereko che" hunyanzvi hwekugadzira ", asi nderangu nerudyi, muimbi akazonyora. “Toti munhu akaderera pana Antoniette, ndizvo zvandaidanwa nemhuri yangu kubvira ndichiri muduku. Dal Monte izita raambuya vangu (kudivi raamai vangu), vakabva “kumhuri ine mbiri yeVenetian”. Ndakatora zita rekuti Toti Dal Monte kubva pazuva rekutanga kwangu pane opera nhanho netsaona, pasi pesimba rekukurumidza.

Baba vake vaiva mudzidzisi wechikoro uye mutungamiri wepurovhinzi orchestra. Achitungamirirwa naye, Toti kubva pazera remakore mashanu akanga atonyatsogadziriswa uye akaridza piyano. Achiziva zvekutanga zvedzidziso yemimhanzi, pazera remakore mapfumbamwe akaimba zverudo uye nziyo dzaSchubert naSchumann.

Nokukurumidza mhuri yacho yakatamira kuVenice. Toti wechidiki akatanga kushanyira Femice Opera House, kwaakatanga kunzwa Mascagni's Rural Honor uye Puccini's Pagliacci. Pamba, mushure mekuita, aigona kuimba arias yake yaanofarira uye zvinyorwa kubva kumaopera kusvika mangwanani.

Zvisinei, Toti akapinda muVenice Conservatory semupiyano, achidzidza naMaestro Tagliapietro, mudzidzi weFerruccio Busoni. Uye ndiani anoziva kuti mugumo wake ungadai wakazoitika sei dai, atove pedyo nekupedza kuchengetedza, akanga asina kukuvadza ruoko rwake rworudyi - akanga abvarura tendon. Izvi zvakamutungamirira ku "mambokadzi webel canto" Barbara Marchisio.

“Barbara Marchisio! anoyeuka Dal Monte. "Akandidzidzisa nerudo rusingaperi kuburitsa kwakaringana kweruzha, mazwi akajeka, kudzokorora, hunyanzvi hwekumisikidzwa kwemufananidzo, nzira yekutaura isingazive chero matambudziko mune chero ndima. Asi ingani zviyero, arpeggios, legato uye staccato zvaifanira kuimbwa, kuwana kukwana kwekuita!

Zvikero zveHalftone ndizvo zvaidiwa naBarbara Marchisio zvekudzidzisa. Akaita kuti nditore octaves maviri pasi uye kumusoro nekufema kumwe. Mukirasi, aigara akadzikama, aine mwoyo murefu, aitsanangura zvose zviri nyore uye zvinogutsa, uye kashoma aituka nehasha.

Makirasi ezuva nezuva naMarchisio, chido chikuru uye kutsungirira izvo muimbi wechidiki anoshanda nazvo, zvinopa mhedzisiro yakanaka. Muchirimo cha1915, Toti akatamba kekutanga mukonzati yakazaruka, uye muna January 1916 akasaina kondirakiti yake yokutanga nemitambo yemitambo yeMilan yeLa Scala nokuda kwomubayiro wakaderera wemarita gumi pazuva.

"Uye ipapo zuva rekutanga rakasvika," muimbi anonyora mubhuku rake "Voice Above the World". Mufaro wefivha wakatonga pachikuva uye mudzimba dzokupfeka. Vateereri vakaisvonaka, vakazara zvigaro zvose muhoro, vakanga vakamirira nokusashivirira kuti keteni risimuke; Maestro Marinuzzi akakurudzira vaimbi, avo vaitya uye vainetsekana zvikuru. Uye ini, ini…handina kuona kana kunzwa chero chinhu kumativi; murokwe jena, wigi yeblond… yakagadzirwa nerubatsiro rwevamwe vangu, ndakaita sendiri mufananidzo werunako.

Pakupedzisira takakwira dariro; Ndini ndaive mudiki pane vese. Ndinotarisa nemaziso makuru mugomba rakadzika-dzika reimba yacho, ndinopinda panguva chaiyo, asi zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti inzwi racho harisi rangu. Uye pamusoro pazvo, chakanga chiri chishamiso chisingafadzi. Ndichimhanya kukwira masitepisi epamuzinda nevasikana vebasa, ndakabva ndapindwa nekadhirezi kangu kakarebesa ndokudonha ndichirovera ibvi zvine simba. Ndakanzwa kurwadziwa kukuru, asi pakarepo ndakasvetuka. "Pamwe hapana akaona?" Ndakafara, ndokubva ndatenda Mwari, chiito chakapera.

Apo kuombera kwakapera uye vatambi vakarega kuridza nziyo, vamwe vangu vakandikomba ndokutanga kundinyaradza. Misodzi yakanga yoda kuyerera kubva mumaziso angu, uye zvaiita sokuti ndakanga ndiri mukadzi aishungurudzika kupfuura vamwe vose. Wanda Ferrario anouya kwandiri ndokuti:

“Usachema, Toti… Rangarira… Wadonha pamutambo wekutanga, saka tarisira rombo rakanaka!”

Kubudiswa kwe "Francesca da Rimini" pachikuva che "La Scala" chaiva chiitiko chisingakanganwiki muupenyu hwemimhanzi. Mapepanhau aive azere nerevo wongororo pamusoro pemutambo uyu. Mabhuku akati wandei akacherechedzawo mudiki debutante. Bepanhau reStage Arts rakanyora kuti: "Toti Dal Monte ndomumwe wevaimbi vakavimbisa veimba yedu yemitambo", uye Musical and Drama Review yakati: "Toti Dal Monte ari pachinzvimbo cheSnow White azere nenyasha, ane mutinhimira wemuto. inzwi uye pfungwa inoshamisa yemanyorero” .

Kubva paakangotanga basa rake reunyanzvi, Toti Dal Monte akatenderera Italy zvakanyanya, achitamba munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzemitambo. Muna 1917 akaita muFlorence, achiimba solo chikamu muPergolesi's Stabat Mater. Muna May wegore rimwe chetero, Toti akaimba katatu muGenoa paPaganini Theater, mune opera Don Pasquale naDonizetti, apo, sezvaanotenda, akawana kubudirira kwake kukuru kwekutanga.

Mushure meGenoa, Ricordi Society yakamukoka kuti aite muopera yaPuccini The Swallows. Mitambo mitsva yakaitika paPoliteama Theatre muMilan, muVerdi's operas Un ballo mu maschera uye Rigoletto. Zvichitevera izvi, muPalermo, Toti akatamba chinzvimbo chaGilda muRigoletto uye akatora chikamu mukutanga kweMascagni's Lodoletta.

Kudzoka kubva kuSicily kuenda kuMilan, Dal Monte anoimba mu salon yakakurumbira "Chandelier del Ritratto". Akaimba arias kubva kumaopera naRossini (The Barber weSeville naWilliam Tell) uye Bizet (The Pearl Fishers). Makonzati aya haakanganwike kune muimbi nekuda kwekuziva kwake kondakita Arturo Toscanini.

“Musangano uyu wakakosha zvikuru kune ramangwana remuimbi. Mukutanga kwa1919, orchestra, yaitungamirirwa naToscanini, yakaita Beethoven's Ninth Symphony kekutanga muTurin. Toti Dal Monte akatora chikamu mukonzati iyi natenor Di Giovanni, bass Luzicar uye mezzo-soprano Bergamasco. Muna March 1921, muimbi akasaina chibvumirano chekushanyira maguta eLatin America: Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro, San Paolo, Rosario, Montevideo.

Mukati merwendo urwu rwakakura uye rwakabudirira, Toti Dal Monte akagamuchira teregiramu kubva kuToscanini nechipo chekutora chikamu mukugadzirwa kutsva kweRigoletto kunosanganisirwa murepertoire yeLa Scala yemwaka wa1921/22. Kwapera vhiki, Toti Dal Monte akanga atova muMilan uye akatanga kushanda nesimba uye kushanda nesimba pamufananidzo waGilda achitungamirirwa nemutungamiriri mukuru. Iyo yekutanga ye "Rigoletto" yakaitwa naToscanini muzhizha ra1921 yakapinda muhomwe yenyika yemimhanzi art zvachose. Toti Dal Monte akasika mukuita uku mufananidzo weGilda, achikwezva mukuchena uye nenyasha, achikwanisa kuburitsa mithunzi yakanyanyisa yemanzwiro emusikana ane rudo uye anotambura. Kunaka kwezwi rake, pamwe chete nerusununguko rwekutaura uye kukwana kwekuita kwake kwemazwi, zvakapupurira kuti akange atove shasha akakura.

Achigutsikana nekubudirira kwaRigoletto, Toscanini akabva aita Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor naDal Monte. Uye kugadzirwa uku kwaive kukunda ... "

Muna Zvita 1924, Dal Monte akaimba nebudiriro muNew York, paMetropolitan Opera. Sezvakangoita muUS, akatamba muChicago, Boston, Indianapolis, Washington, Cleveland neSan Francisco.

Mukurumbira weDal Monte wakakurumidza kupararira kure neItaly. Akafamba kumakondinendi ose uye akaita nevaimbi vakanakisisa vezana remakore rapfuura: E. Caruso, B. Gigli, T. Skipa, K. Galeffi, T. Ruffo, E. Pinza, F. Chaliapin, G. Bezanzoni. Dal Monte akakwanisa kugadzira mifananidzo yakawanda isingakanganwiki, yakadai saLucia, Gilda, Rosina nevamwe, mukati memakore anopfuura makumi matatu emitambo pamatanho edzimba dzakanakisisa dze opera munyika.

Rimwe remabasa ake akanakisa, muimbi akafunga nezve basa raVioletta muVerdi's La traviata:

“Ndichiyeuka mashoko angu muna 1935, ndakatotaura nezveOslo. Rakanga riri danho rinokosha zvikuru mubasa rangu rokudhirowa. Makanga muri muno, muguta rinoyevedza reNorway, mandakatanga kuimba chikamu cheVioletta muLa Traviata.

Uyu mufananidzo wemunhu wemukadzi anotambura - nyaya yerudo inotyisa yakabata nyika yese - haikwanise kundisiya ndisina hanya. Hazvina musoro kutaura kuti kune vanhu vausingazivi, kunzwa kunodzvinyirira kwekusurukirwa. Asi zvino tariro yamuka mandiri, uye zvakabva zvangove nyore mumweya mangu ...

Inzwi rekutanga kwangu rakajeka rakasvika kuItaly, uye munguva pfupi redhiyo yeItaly yakakwanisa kutumira rekodhi yechitatu yeLa Traviata kubva kuOslo. Conductor aive Dobrovein, asingawanzo muzivi wetiyeta uye muimbi akafuridzirwa. Muedzo wacho wakazova wakaoma chaizvo, uye kunze kwezvo, kunze, ndakanga ndisingaratidzi kushamisira pachikuva nekuda kwehupfupi hwangu. Asi ndakashanda nesimba uye ndakabudirira…

Kubva 1935, chikamu cheVioletta chakatora imwe yenzvimbo huru mune yangu repertoire, uye ndaifanira kutsungirira kure kure nekureruka duel ne "vakwikwidzi" vakakomba.

MaVioletta ainyanya kuzivikanwa mumakore iwayo aiva Claudia Muzio, Maria Canilla, Gilda Dalla Rizza naLucrezia Bori. Hazvisi zvangu, hongu, kutonga maitiro angu uye kuenzanisa. Asi ndinogona kutaura ndakachengeteka kuti La Traviata yakandiunzira budiriro isina kuderera kupfuura Lucia, Rigoletto, The Barber of Seville, La Sonnambula, Lodoletta, nevamwe.

Kukunda kweNorway kwakadzokororwa pamutambo weItaly weiyi opera naVerdi. Zvakaitika muna Ndira 9, 1936 paNeapolitan theatre "San Carlo" ... Muchinda wePiedmontese, Countess d'Aosta uye mutsoropodzi Pannein vaivepo panzvimbo yemitambo, munzwa chaiwo pamwoyo yevaimbi nevaimbi vazhinji. Asi zvese zvakafamba zvakanaka. Pashure pokuombera maoko pakupera kwechiito chokutanga, vateereri vakawedzera kufarira. Uye apo, muchiitiko chechipiri uye chechitatu, ndakakwanisa kutaurira, sezvandinoratidzika kwandiri, nzira dzose dzemanzwiro aVioletta, kuzvipira kwake kusina muganhu murudo, kuora mwoyo kukuru mushure mekutuka kusina kururama uye rufu rusingadzivisiki, kuyemura. uye kufarira kwevateereri kwakanga kusina muganhu uye kwakandibata.

Dal Monte yakaramba ichiita munguva yeHondo Yenyika II. Maererano naye, akazviwana ari muna 1940-1942 "pakati pedombo nenzvimbo yakaoma uye haana kukwanisa kuramba makonzati akabvumiranwa kare muBerlin, Leipzig, Hamburg, Vienna."

Pamukana wekutanga, muiti wacho akauya kuEngland uye akafara zvechokwadi apo, pamusangano weLondon, akanzwa kuti vateereri vakanga vachiwedzera kutorwa nesimba remashiripiti emimhanzi. Mune mamwe maguta echiRungu akagamuchirwa noushamwari.

Nenguva isipi akaenda kune rumwe rwendo rweSwitzerland, France, Belgium. Kudzokera kuItaly, akaimba mumitambo yakawanda, asi kazhinji muThe Barber yeSeville.

Muna 1948, mushure mekushanya kuSouth America, muimbi anosiya nhandare yeopera. Dzimwe nguva anoita seactoric actress. Anoshandisa nguva yakawanda pakudzidzisa. Dal Monte akanyora bhuku rinonzi "Voice over the world", rakashandurirwa muchiRussia.

Toti Dal Monte akafa musi waJanuary 26, 1975.