Thomas Beecham (Thomas Beecham) |

Thomas Beecham

Thomas Beecham aive mumwe wevaimbi vakasiya mucherechedzo usingaenzaniswi pahunyanzvi hwekuita hwemuzana redu ramakore, muhupenyu hwemimhanzi hwekumusha kwavo. Mwanakomana wemutengesi, akadzidza kuOxford, haana kumbopinda chikoro chekuchengetedza kana kunyange chikoro chemimhanzi: dzidzo yake yose yaingogumira kune zvidzidzo zvishomanana. Asi akasarudza kusaita zvekutengeserana, asi kuzvipira kumimhanzi.

Mukurumbira wakauya kuna Beecham kare muna 1899, mushure mekunge akambotsiva Hans Richter paHalle Orchestra.

Hukuru hwechitarisiko chake, hukasha uye maitiro ekutanga ekuita, kunyanya kuvandudza, pamwe nehunhu hwehunhu hwakaunza mukurumbira weBeecham pasirese. Mutauri wenyaya ane njere, mutauri ane upenyu uye ane ushamwari, akakurumidza kuonana nevaimbi vaifarira kushanda naye. Zvimwe ndosaka Beecham akazova muvambi uye murongi wemabhendi akati wandei. Muna 1906 akatanga New Symphony Orchestra, muna 1932 London Philharmonic, uye muna 1946 Royal Philharmonic. Vese vakaita basa rakakosha muhupenyu hwemumhanzi weChirungu kwemakumi emakore.

Kutanga muna 1909 kuitisa kuimba yeopera, Beecham akazove mukuru weCovent Garden, yaiwanzoshandisa rubatsiro rwake rwemari. Asi pamusoro pezvose Beecham akave nemukurumbira semuimbi akanakisa-muturikiri. Hunhu hukuru, kurudziro uye kujeka kwakaratidza dudziro yake yeakawanda emhando yepamusoro, kunyanya Mozart, Berlioz, inogadzirwa nevanyori vekupera kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX - R. Strauss, Rimsky-Korsakov, Sibelius, uye zvakare Stravinsky. “Kune vafambisi,” akanyora kudaro mumwe wavatsoropodzi, “vane mukurumbira wakavakirwa pa“Beethoven” wavo, “Brahm” wavo, Strauss “wavo”. Asi hapana munhu ane Mozart aive akanaka kwazvo, ane Berlioz ane hunyanzvi, ane Schubert ari nyore uye ane rwiyo seBeecham. Pavanyori veChirungu, Beecham aiwanzoita mabasa aF. Dilius, asi vamwe vanyori vaigara vachizviwanira nzvimbo muzvirongwa zvake.

Achiitisa, Beecham akakwanisa kuwana kuchena kunoshamisa, simba uye kupenya kweinzi orchestra. Akavavarira kuti “muimbi ari wose aite rutivi rwake, somunhu anoimba ari oga.” Seri kweiyo console kwaive nemuimbi aimhanya-mhanya aive nesimba rinoshamisa rekupesvedzera orchestra, pesvedzero ye "hypnotic" kubva muchimiro chake chose. Panguva imwe cheteyo, “hapana chimwe chezviito zvake,” sezvinotaura munyori woupenyu hwomuitisi, “chakadzidzwa uye kuzivikanwa pachine nguva mberi. Mitezo yeorchestra yaizivawo ikoku, uye mukati memakonzati vakanga vakagadzirira nokuda kwepirouette dzisingakarirwi. Basa rokudzokorora rakanga rakaganhurirwa pakuratidza orchestra izvo kondakita anoda kuwana pakonzati. Asi Beecham aigara akazara nechido chisingakundike, chivimbo mumafungiro ake. Uye aigara achivamutsa. Kune ese mabviro ehunhu hwake hwehunyanzvi, Beecham aive akanakisa ensemble mutambi. Achinyatsoita mimhanzi yeopera, akapa vaimbi mukana wekuburitsa zvizere kugona kwavo. Beecham ndiye akatanga kusuma kuruzhinji rwechirungu shasha dzakaita saCaruso naChaliapin.

Beecham akatenderera zvishoma pane vaaishanda navo, achipa simba rakawanda kumapoka emimhanzi eChirungu. Asi simba rake rakanga risingaperi, uye pazera remakore makumi masere akaita rwendo rukuru rweEurope neSouth America, kazhinji rwakaitwa muU.SA. Asinganyanyozivikanwa kunze kweEngland akamuunzira marekodhi akawanda; chete mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake akabudisa zvinyorwa zvinopfuura makumi matatu.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek