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Muchirevo chakafara chezwi, chero shanduko yezvinyorwa zvemimhanzi yebasa remimhanzi, kutsvaga zvimwe zvinangwa, semuenzaniso. chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa. yekutamba nevadi vemimhanzi vasina tekinoroji yepamusoro, yekushandisa mukudzidzisa nekudzidzisa. kudzidzira, kwekuita kwevamwe nekuumbwa kwevatambi, kugadzirwa kwemazuva ano. etc. Kusvikira munenge muzana remakore rechi18. O. yaionekwa sechinhu chakaenzana nebasa remunyori wepakutanga, asi munguva yakatevera, maererano nekukura kwekukosha kwemunhu kutanga mumhanzi, yakava yechipiri, yechipiri nzvimbo. Zvakadaro, O., izvo zvisiri zvemaoko chete, chinhu chekodzero.
Kushandiswa kwakapararira kunowanikwa neO. single-headed. mimhanzi samples. Kare muWestern Europe. mimhanzi yakagoverwa polyphonic. O. nziyo dze Gregorian chant; ese polygonal. mimhanzi isati yasvika yezana remakore rechi16 yakasikwa pahwaro hweO. Muzana remakore rechi19 ne20. kukosha kukuru kwakawanikwa O. nar. nziyo, iyo inowanzonzi kuwirirana kwavo, asi chaizvoizvo inosanganisira kugadzira Nar. nziyo dzinoperekedza chimwe chiridzwa kana zviridzwa zvinodarika kutevedzana kuri nyore kwemakodhi. She R. nziyo dzaiitwa nevakawanda. vanyori vakuru vakadai saJ. Haydn, L. Beethoven, J. Brahms, MA Balakirev, NA Rimsky-Korsakov, PI Tchaikovsky, AK Lyadov, nevamwe. yakaumbwa nenguva yakazvimirira. mhando, inogara ichiitwa uye zizi. vanyori. Mhosva dzakakosha dzekugadzirisa imwe-musoro. mimhanzi - kuwedzera kuperekedza kune nziyo dzakanyorerwa solo violin, cello, nezvimwe. Pakati pazvo pane urongwa hwaF. Mendelssohn hweviolin yega. chaconnes mu d-moll naJS Bach yeviolin ine piyano inoperekedzwa, yakarongwa naR. Schumann nokuda kwezvakafanana zvemaviolin ega. sonatas uye masutu naJS Bach (kuva pamutemo kweO akadaro kunopokana nevazhinji vaongorori).
O. polygonal. nziyo, kutevera chinangwa chekugadzirisa kwayo kune mamwe maitiro evatambi, anowanzonzi. kurongeka, kunyora, uye mune zviitiko apo chigadzirwa. yakagadziridzwa kuti iitwe neochestra - orchestration. Mienzaniso yekutanga yeO. yakadaro inosanganiswa newok fittings. nziyo dze performance instr. nziyo (muzana remakore rechi14-15; O. yokutanga yerudzi urwu yakasvika kwatiri muChirungu org. tablature, c. 1330); tsika iyi yakaita basa rinokosha pakuumbwa kwe instr. music. Common uye O. dzakawanda-musoro. op., umo kuumbwa kwevatambi kunochengetedzwa. Vakadaro O. op. kune chimwe chiridzwa, kunyanya piyanoforte, kazhinji inodzika kusvika pakurerutsa nzvimbo dzakaoma mazviri kana, pane kudaro, pakushandiswa kwakakura kweiyo virtuoso musimboti mavari; mhando yekupedzisira yeO. inowanzonzi. transcription. Vanyori vezvinyorwa vanowanzounza zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobva kwavari. kusika munhu. Shasha masters efp. zvinyorwa zvakabatsira mukuvandudzwa kweFP. hunhu hwakanaka, vaiva F. Liszt, K. Tausig, F. Busoni, mumunda weviolin. kunyorwa, mupiro waF. Kreisler unonyanya kukosha. Nhanho inotevera idimikira - rudzi rwe virtuoso yemahara fantasy pamadingindira e K.-L. prod.
Op. kune vakawanda vaimbi, vese vaimbi nevaimbi, kusvika kuopera. O. vakadaro, sekunge, zviitiko zvekunzwisisa kutsva kwebasa muchiedza chekugadzira. kuiswa kwemunyori O., dzimwe nguva inozivikanwa yemazuva ano yebasa, semuenzaniso. O. of the oratorio Acis and Galatea by Handel by VA Mozart, Mussorgsky's opera Boris Godunov naNA Rimsky-Korsakov, O. weiyo opera uye Mussorgsky's opera Khovanshchina naDD Shostakovich. MuUSSR, O. yerudzi urwu inowanzonzi. editions.
References: (Kugadziriswa kwenziyo dzevanhu), mubhuku: History of Russian Soviet Music, vol. 2-4, M., 1959-63.
