Monothematism |

kubva kuGreek monos - imwe, imwe uye tema - chii chiri hwaro

Nheyo yekuvaka mimhanzi. mabasa ane chekuita nekududzirwa kwakakosha kwechinyorwa chimwe kana seti yemisoro. M. inofanira kusiyaniswa kubva kune pfungwa ye "mono-rima", iyo inoreva mafomu e-non-cyclic. kurongeka (fugue, misiyano, akareruka maviri- uye matatu-chikamu mafomu, rondo, nezvimwewo). M. inomuka kubva mukusanganiswa kwe sonata-symphony. denderedzwa kana mafomu echikamu chimwe anobva pairi aine dingindira rimwechete. Dingindira rakadaro rinowanzodaidzwa kunzi leitteme kana, kushandisa izwi rine chekuita nemafomu ekuvhiya uye kuratidza chiitiko chine chekuita neM., leitmotif.

Mavambo eM. ari mukufanana kwenyika kwemadingindira ekutanga muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvecyclic. prod. 17-18 mazana emakore, semuenzaniso. Corelli, Mozart nevamwe:

A. Corelli. Trio sonata op. 2 Nha9.

A. Corelli. Trio Sonata op. 3 no2.

A. Corelli. Trio Sonata op. 1 no10.

WA Mozart. Symphony g-moll.

Asi mupfungwa pachake M. yakatanga kushandiswa chete naL. Beethoven mu 5th symphony, apo dingindira rekutanga rinoitwa nenzira yakashandurwa kuburikidza nekutenderera kwese:

Nheyo yaBeethoven yakaumba hwaro hwaM. y vanyori venguva dzakazotevera.

G. Berlioz mu "Fantastic Symphony", "Harold muItaly" uye mamwe cyclical. prod. inopa iyo inotungamira dingindira (leitmotif) ine chirongwa chemukati. MuFantastic Symphony (1830), dingindira iri rinomiririra mufananidzo wemudiwa wegamba, achimuperekedza panguva dzakasiyana muhupenyu hwake. Mukupedzisira anoratidzwa kunyanya hutsinye. shanduko, kukwevera mudiwa semumwe wevatori vechikamu mune zvinoshamisa. coven yevaroyi:

G. Berlioz. "Fantastic Symphony", chikamu I.

Zvimwe chete, chikamu IV.

MuHarold muItaly (1834), dingindira rinotungamira rinomiririra mufananidzo weCh. gamba uye anopihwa kune anogara ari ega viola, akamira kunze achipesana nemashure echirongwa-pictorial pendi.

Mune akati wandei M. inodudzirwa neimwe nzira mukugadzirwa. F. List. Chishuvo chechimiro chakakwana mumimhanzi ndechenhetembo. zvirongwa, kuvandudzwa kwemifananidzo to-rykh kazhinji haina kusangana netsika. zvirongwa zvekuvaka mimhanzi. prod. hombe fomu, yakatungamira Liszt kune zano rekuvaka zvese zvigadzirwa zvesoftware. pahwaro hwedingindira rimwechete, iro rakaiswa kushanduko dzekufananidzira ndokutora decomp. chimiro chinoenderana naDec. nhanho dzekuvandudzwa kwechirongwa.

Saka, somuenzaniso, munhetembo ye symphonic "Preludes" (1848-54) chinangwa chiduku chemashoko matatu, chinozarura sumo, uye, maererano, nhetembo. chirongwa chinoumba hwaro hweakasiyana kwazvo, anosiyanisa thematic. masangano:

F. List. Symphonic nhetembo "Preludes". Nhanganyaya.

Main bato.

Kubatanidza bato.

Side party.

Development.

Chikamu.

Unity thematic. nheyo mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro inovimbisa kuvimbika kwebasa. Maererano nekushandiswa kwemusimboti we monothematism, List yakagadzira symphony hunhu hwake. nhetembo rudzi rutsva rwechimiro, umo maitiro e sonata Allegro uye sonata-symphony akabatanidzwa. cycle. Liszt akashandisa musimboti weM. uye mune cyclic. nziyo dzechirongwa (symphony "Faust", 1854; "Dante", 1855-57), uye mumabasa asina kupihwa chirongwa chekutaura (sonata muh-moll yepiyano, nezvimwewo). Liszt's yekufananidzira shanduko nzira inoshandisa ruzivo rwakawanikwa pakutanga mumunda wekusiyana kwemadingindira, kusanganisira rudo rwemahara misiyano.

M. Lisztovsky mhando muchimiro chayo chakachena munguva yakatevera yakagamuchira kushandiswa kushoma chete, sezvo embodiment iri qualitatively Sec. mifananidzo nerubatsiro rwekungosiyana rhythmic, metric, harmonic, textural uye timbre dhizaini yeizwi rimwechete rinotendeuka (shanduko iyo inotungamira mukurasikirwa kweiyo thematic kubatana pachayo) inoshatisa kuumbwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mune imwe yemahara application, pamwe chete neyakajairwa nheyo dzemuses. kuvandudzwa kwe leittematism, monothematism uye musimboti wekushandurwa kwekufananidzira kwakabatana navo vakawana uye vanoshandiswa zvakanyanya (iyo 4th uye 5th symphonies yaTchaikovsky, iyo symphony uye akati wandei kamuri inoshanda naTaneyev, iyo symphonies yeScriabin, Lyapunov, 7th uye. mamwe ma symphonies aShostakovich, kubva kumabasa evanyori vekune dzimwe nyika - S. Frank's symphony uye quartet, Saint-Saens '3rd symphony, Dvorak's 9th symphony, nezvimwewo).

VP Bobrovsky