Meliton Antonovich Balanchivadze (Meliton Balanchivadze) |
Meliton Balanchivadze
M. Balanchivadze aiva nemufaro usingawanzoiti - kuisa dombo rekutanga munheyo yeGeorgian artic music uye nekuzvikudza kutarisa kuti chivako ichi chakakura uye chakakura sei mukati memakore makumi mashanu. D. Arakishvili
M. Balanchivadze akapinda munhoroondo yetsika dzemimhanzi semumwe wevakatanga chikoro cheGeorgian composer. Munhu anoshingaira wevanhu, muparidzi anopenya uye ane simba wemumhanzi wevanhu vechiGeorgian, Balanchivadze akazvipira hupenyu hwake hwose pakusikwa kweunyanzvi hwenyika.
Muimbi womunguva yemberi aiva nenzwi rakanaka kare kare, uye kubvira pauduku akatanga kuimba mumakwaya akasiyana-siyana, kutanga muKutaisi, uye ipapo paTbilisi Theological Seminary, kwaakagadzwa muna 1877. Zvisinei, basa mundima yomudzimu harina kupfuurira. kukwezva muimbi wechidiki uye atova muna 1880 Akapinda muboka rekuimba reTbilisi Opera House. Munguva iyi, Balanchivadze akanga atofadzwa neGeorgian musical folklore, nechinangwa chekusimudzira, akaronga ethnographic choir. Basa mukwaya raibatanidzwa negadziriro dzenziyo dzechivanhu, uye zvaida unyanzvi hwomunyori wenziyo. Muna 1889, Balanchivadze akapinda muSt. Petersburg Conservatory, uko N. Rimsky-Korsakov (muumbirwo), V. Samus (aiimba), Y. Ioganson (kuwirirana) akava vadzidzisi vake.
Upenyu uye kudzidza muSt. Makirasi naRimsky-Korsakov, ushamwari naA. Lyadov naN. Findeisen vakabatsira kusimbisa nzvimbo yake yekusika mupfungwa yemuimbi weGeorgian. Yakanga yakavakirwa pakutenda kwekudikanwa kwehukama hwehukama pakati penziyo dzechiGeorgian nziyo uye nzira dzekutaura dzakakwenenzverwa mumitambo yakajairika yekuEurope. MuSt. Petersburg, Balanchivadze anoenderera mberi achishanda pane opera Darejan Insidious (zvidimbu zvaro zvakaitwa kare muna 1897 muTbilisi). Opera yakavakirwa padetembo "Tamara the Insidious" nemhando yepamusoro yezvinyorwa zvechiGeorgian A. Tsereteli. Kuumbwa kwe opera kwakanonoka, uye akaona chiedza cherampu chete muna 1926 paGeorgian Opera neBallet Theatre. Kuonekwa kwe "Darejan insidious" kwaiva kuberekwa kweGeorgian national opera.
Pashure October Revolution Balanchivadze anogara uye anoshanda muGeorgia. Pano, kugona kwake semurongi wehupenyu hwemimhanzi, chimiro chevoruzhinji uye mudzidzisi aive akazara. Muna 1918 akatanga chikoro chemimhanzi muKutaisi, uye kubva muna 1921 akatungamirira dhipatimendi remimhanzi rePeople's Commissariat of Education yeGeorgia. Basa remunyori raisanganisira madingindira matsva: gadziriro dzekwaya dzenziyo dzechimurenga, cantata "Kubwinya kune ZAGES". Kwemakore gumi ezvinyorwa uye hunyanzvi hweGeorgia muMoscow (1936) chinyorwa chitsva che opera Darejan the Insidious chakaitwa. Mabasa mashomanana aBalanchivadze ane simba guru pachizvarwa chinotevera chevanyori vechiGeorgian. Mhando dzinotungamira dzemimhanzi yake opera uye dzerudo. Mienzaniso yakanakisa yerwiyo rwemumhanzi wekamuri-izwi inosiyaniswa nepurasitiki yerwiyo, umo munhu anogona kunzwa kubatana kwakabatana kwemaimbo emazuva ese echiGeorgian nziyo uye Russian classical romance ("Kana ndakakutarisa", "Ndinoshuva." nokuda kwako nokusingaperi", "Usandinzwire tsitsi", davi rakakurumbira "Chitubu, nezvimwewo).
Nzvimbo yakakosha mubasa reBalanchivadze inogarwa nerwiyo-epic opera Darejan the Insidious, iyo inosiyaniswa nenziyo yayo inopenya, mavambo ekudzokorora, hupfumi hwemelos, uye zvinonakidza Harmonic zvinowanikwa. Muimbi haangoshandisi nziyo dzechokwadi dzechiGeorgian chete, asi munziyo dzake dzinotsamira pamaitiro echiGeorgian folklore; izvi zvinopa opera kutsva uye kutanga kwemavara emimhanzi. Yakanyatsogadzirwa neunyanzvi danho rekuita rinobatsira kune organic kutendeseka kwekuita, iyo isina kurasikirwa nekukosha kwayo kunyangwe nhasi.
L. Rapatskaya
