Leo Blech |

Leo Blech

Tarenda yaLeo Blech yakanyatsojeka uye yakanyatso kuratidzwa muimba ye opera, iyo inobatanidzwa nekuguma kwebasa rekuita basa remuiti wemifananidzo, iro rakatora makore anoda kusvika makumi matanhatu.

Muhuduku hwake, Blech akaedza ruoko rwake semuimbi wepiyano uye munyori wenziyo: semwana ane makore manomwe, akatanga kuonekwa pamutambo wekonzati, achiita zvidimbu zvake zvepiyano. Mushure mokunge apedza zvidzidzo zvake paChikoro Chepamusoro cheMimhanzi muBerlin, Blech akadzidza zvekunyora achitungamirirwa naE. Humperdinck, asi akakurumidza kuziva kuti basa rake guru rakanga riri kuita.

Blech akatanga kumira paimba yeopera muguta rake rekuzvarwa reAachen kumashure muzana ramakore rapfuura. Akabva ashanda muPrague, uye kubva muna 1906 akagara muBerlin, uko basa rake rokusika rakaitika kwemakore akawanda. Nenguva isipi, akatamira mumutsara mumwechete ane zviedza zvakadaro zveunyanzvi hwekuitisa saKlemperer, Walter, Furtwängler, Kleiber. Vachitungamirirwa naBlech, uyo kwemakore angangoita makumi matatu akanga ari pamusoro peimba yeopera paUnterden Linden, Berliners akanzwa kuita kwakanaka kwemaopera ose aWagner, mazhinji emabasa matsva aR. Strauss. Pamwe chete neizvi, Blech akaita nhamba yakawanda yemakonzati, umo mabasa aMozart, Haydn, Beethoven, symphonic zvidimbu kubva kumitambo uye zvinyorwa zverudo, kunyanya kudiwa nemuitisi, zvakanzwika.

Blech aisada kushanya kazhinji, achida kushanda nguva dzose nemabhendi mamwe chete. Nekudaro, nzendo shoma dzekonzati dzakasimbisa mukurumbira wake wakakura. Kunyanya kubudirira kwaiva rwendo rwemuimbi kuAmerica, rwakaitwa muna 1933. Muna 1937, Blech akamanikidzwa kutama kubva kuNazi Germany uye kwemakore anoverengeka akatungamirira imba yeopera muRiga. Latvia payakagamuchirwa kuSoviet Union, Blech akashanyira Moscow neLeningrad nebudiriro huru. Panguva iyoyo, muimbi akanga anenge makore makumi manomwe okuberekwa, asi tarenda rake raiva pakukura kwayo. “Heuno muimbi anosanganisa hunyanzvi hwechokwadi, tsika dzepamusoro ane ruzivo rwakakura rwehunyanzvi rwakaunganidzwa kwemakumi emakore akawanda emabasa ehunyanzvi. Kuravira kusingagoneki, pfungwa yakanakisa yechimiro, chimiro chekugadzira - zvese izvi maficha pasina mubvunzo akajairwa neanoita mufananidzo waLeo Blech. Asi, zvichida, kusvika pamwero wakatokura unoratidzira plastiki yake isingawanzo mukutapurirana uye mutsara wega wega uye chimiro chemimhanzi zvachose. Blech haambobvumiri muteereri kuti azvinzwe kunze kwese, kunze kwechiratidziro chakazara, kufamba kwakawanda; muteereri haazombonzwi mukududzirwa kwake seams inobata pamwe chete zvikamu zvega zvebasa," D. Rabinovich akanyora mupepanhau "Soviet Art".

Vatsoropodzi vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana vakayemura kududzira kwakanakisa kwemimhanzi yaWagner - kujeka kwayo kunoshamisa, kufema kwakabatana, yakasimbisa kugona kwemavara eorchestra, kugona "kutora orchestra uye piyano isinganzwiki, asi inogara ichinzwisisika", uye "ine simba, asi haana kumbopinza, ane ruzha fortissimo” . Pakupedzisira, kupinda kwakadzika kwemuitisi mune chaiwo emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kukwanisa kuendesa mimhanzi kumuteereri nenzira iyo yakanyorwa nemunyori yakaonekwa. Hakushamisi kuti Blech aiwanzofarira kudzokorora chirevo cheGermany, chokuti: “chinhu chiri chose chakanaka icho chiri chakarurama.” Kusavapo zvachose kwe "executive arbitrariness", maitiro akangwarira kune chinyorwa chemunyori aive mugumisiro weiyo credo yemuimbi akadaro.

Mushure meRigi, Blech akashanda kwemakore masere muStockholm, kwaakaramba achiita paimba yeOpera uye mumakonzati. Akapedza makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake pamba uye kubva muna 1949 aiva kondakita weBerlin City Opera.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek