Nhoroondo ye accordion
Mumhuri huru uye ine hushamwari yezviridzwa zvemimhanzi, imwe neimwe ine nhoroondo yayo, ruzha rwayo rwakasiyana, maitiro ayo. Nezve mumwe wavo - chiridzwa chine zita rakanatswa uye reuphonious - akodhiyoni, uye ichakurukurwa.
Iyo accordion yakabata zvinhu zvezviridzwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemimhanzi. Muchitarisiko, inofanana nebhatani accordion, mukugadzira inofanana neaccordion, uye ine makiyi uye kukwanisa kushandura rejista, yakafanana nepiyano. Nhoroondo yechiridzwa ichi chemimhanzi inoshamisa, inoshungurudza uye ichiri kukonzera nhaurirano dzine hupenyu munzvimbo yehunyanzvi.
Nhoroondo yeaccordion yakadzokera kuMabvazuva Akare, uko musimboti wemutsanga wekugadzira ruzha wakashandiswa kekutanga musheng chiridzwa chemimhanzi. Vaviri vatenzi vane tarenda vakamira pamavambo ekusikwa kweakodhiyoni muchimiro chayo: mugadziri wewachi wechiGerman Christian Buschman uye mhizha yeCzech Frantisek Kirchner. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vakanga vasingazivi mumwe nomumwe uye vakashanda zvakakwana pasina mumwe nomumwe.
Christian Bushman ane makore 17, mukuedza kurerutsa basa rekugadzirisa nhengo, akagadzira mudziyo uri nyore - forogo yekugadzira muchimiro chebhokisi diki raakaisa rurimi rwesimbi. Apo Bushman akafemera mweya mubhokisi iri nomuromo wake, rurimi rwakatanga kurira, ruchibudisa inzwi reimwe nzwi. Gare gare, Christian akawedzera dziva remhepo (makushe) kumugadzirirwo wacho, uye kuti ndimi dzirege kuzununguka panguva imwe cheteyo, iye akavagovera mavharuvhu. Iye zvino, kuitira kuti uwane toni yaidiwa, zvaive zvakafanira kuzarura valve pane imwe ndiro, uye usiye mamwe akavharwa. Nokudaro, muna 1821, Bushman akagadzira mufananidzo we harmonica, waakadana kuti "aura".
Zvinenge panguva imwe chete, muZ1770, Czech organ maker Frantisek Kirchner, uyo akashanda padare remambo weRussia, akauya nehurongwa hutsva hwetsanga uye akaishandisa sechikonzero chekugadzira ruoko harmonica. Yakanga iine zvishoma zvakafanana nechiridzwa chemazuva ano, asi musimboti mukuru we harmonica sound production wakaramba wakafanana - vibrations yeplate resimbi pasi pesimba remhepo yemhepo, kudzvanya nekugadzirisa.
Imwe nguva gare gare, ruoko harmonica yakaguma mumaoko eViennese nhengo tenzi Cyril Demian. Akashanda nesimba kuti avandudze chishandiso, achichipa, pakupedzisira, chimiro chakasiyana zvachose. Demian akapatsanura muviri wechiridzwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana, akaisa kiibhodhi eruboshwe nerudyi paari uye akabatanidza mahafu nemabhero. Kiyi imwe neimwe yaienderana nechord, iyo yakafanoronga zita rayo "accordion". Cyril Demian akazivisa zviri pamutemo zita remunyori wechiridzwa chake muna Chivabvu 6, 1829. Mushure memazuva gumi nematanhatu, Demian akagamuchira patent yekugadzirwa kwake uye kubva ipapo Chivabvu 17 inoonekwa sezuva rekuzvarwa kweaccordion. Mugore rimwe chetero, kugadzirwa kwakawanda uye kutengeswa kwechiridzwa chichangobva kugadzirwa chakatanga.
Nhoroondo yeaccordion yakaenderera mberi pamhenderekedzo yeAdriatic - muItaly. Ikoko, pane imwe nzvimbo pedyo neCastelfidardo, mwanakomana wemushandi wepurazi, Paulo Soprani, akatenga accordion yaDemian kubva kumumongi aidzungaira. 
Muna 1864, aunganidza vavezi vomunharaunda, akazarura musangano, uye gare gare fekitari, kwaaiita kwete chete mukugadzirwa kwezvishandiso, asiwo mukuvandudza kwavo. Saka indasitiri yeaccordion yakazvarwa. Iyo accordion yakakurumidza kukunda rudo rwe kwete chete maItaly, asiwo vagari vedzimwe nyika dzeEurope.
Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi40, accordion, pamwe chete nevakabva kune dzimwe nyika, vakayambuka Atlantic uye vakagara zvakasimba muNorth America continent, apo pakutanga yainzi "piano pamatambo." MumaXNUMX, ekutanga emagetsi accordion akavakwa muUSA.
Kusvika pari zvino, accordion chiridzwa chine mukurumbira chinodiwa chinogona kutaura chero manzwiro emunhu kubva pakushuva kusina tariro kusvika kune mufaro. Pasinei neizvi, achiri kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza.
