Euphonium: tsanangudzo yechiridzwa, kuumbwa, nhoroondo, kushandiswa

Mumhuri yesaxhorn, euphonium inotora nzvimbo inokosha, yakakurumbira uye ine kodzero yekunzwika kwega. Kufanana neruzha rwenziyo dzetambo, anopiwa zvikamu zvetenari muzviridzwa zvehondo nezvemhepo. Jazzmen akawirawo murudo nechiridzwa chendarira chemhepo, uye chinoshandiswawo mumapoka emimhanzi e symphonic.

Tsanangudzo yechishandiso

Iyo euphonium yemazuva ano ibhero re semi-conical rine curved oval chubhu. Iyo ine mavharuvhu matatu episton. Mimwe mienzaniso ine imwe quarter valve, iyo yakaiswa pasi peruoko rworuboshwe kana pasi pechigunwe chiduku cheruoko rworudyi. Kuwedzera uku kwaitaridza kunatsiridza shanduko yendima, kuita kuti inzwi rive rakachena, rinoratidza.

Mavharuvhu akaiswa kubva kumusoro kana kumberi. Nekubatsira kwavo, kureba kwekoramu yemhepo kunodzorwa. Mienzaniso yepakutanga yakanga ine mavharuvhu akawanda (kusvika ku6). Bhero reeuphonium rine dhayamita 310 mm. Inogona kunangidzirwa kumusoro kana kumberi kune nzvimbo yevateereri. Hwaro hwechiridzwa chine muromo unobuditswa nemhepo. Iyo bhari ye euphonium yakakura kudarika iyo ye baritone, uye naizvozvo timbre inowedzera simba.

Kusiyana nemhepo baritone

Musiyano mukuru pakati pezvishandiso ndiwo saizi yebhari. Naizvozvo, pane musiyano pakati pezvivakwa. Iyo baritone yakaiswa muB-flat. Ruzha rwayo haruna simba rakadaro, simba, kupenya senge euphonium. Iyo tenor tuba ye tunings dzakasiyana inounza kusawirirana uye kuvhiringidzika muruzha rwese rwe orchestra. Asi zviridzwa zvose zviri zviviri zvine kodzero yekuzvimiririra, saka, munyika yemazuva ano, pakugadzira tenor tuba, simba revamiririri vose veboka rendarira rinotorwa.

Muchikoro cheChirungu chemimhanzi, baritone yepakati inowanzoshandiswa sechiridzwa chakasiyana. Uye vaimbi veAmerica vakaita kuti "hama" dzishanduke mu orchestra.

History

"Euphonia" kubva mumutauro wechiGiriki inoshandurwa se "inzwi rakachena". Kufanana nezvimwe zvakawanda zviridzwa zvinoridzwa nemhepo, ephonium ine "progenitor". Iyi inyoka - curved serpentine pipe, iyo panguva dzakasiyana yakagadzirwa kubva kumhangura nesirivha alloys, pamwe chete nematanda. Pamusoro pe "serpentine", tenzi wechiFrench Elary akagadzira ophicleid. Mauto emauto muEurope akatanga kuishandisa nesimba, achicherechedza inzwi rine simba uye rakarurama. Asi mutsauko mukugadzirisa pakati pemhando dzakasiyana waida hunyanzvi hwekuita uye kunzwa kwakanaka.

Pakati pezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, ruzha rwechiridzwa rwakavandudzwa nekuwedzera chikero, uye kugadzirwa kwemavharuvhu epombi kwakaita shanduko chaiyo munyika yemhanzi yebhendi. Adolphe Sax akagadzira uye ane patent akati wandei bass tubas. Vakakurumidza zvikuru kupararira muEurope yose ndokuva boka rimwe. Pasinei nokusiyana kuduku, nhengo dzose dzemhuri yacho dzakanga dzakafanana.

kushandisa

Kushandiswa kwe euphonium kwakasiyana. Mugadziri wekutanga wemabasa kwaari aive Amilcare Ponchielli. Muma70s ezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, akapa pasirese konsati yenziyo dzega. Kazhinji, euphonium inoshandiswa mundarira, mauto, symphony orchestras. Hazvishamisi kuti atore chikamu mumachamber ensembles. Mune symphony orchestra, anovimbwa nechikamu chetuba yakabatana.

Pakave nezviitiko zvekuzvitsiva nemakondakita aifarira ephonium apo tuba tuba twainyorwa nerejista yakakwira zvakanyanya. Ichi chiito chakaratidzwa naErnst von Schuch pamutambo wekutanga webasa raStrauss, achitsiva Wagner tuba.

Iyo inonyanya kunakidza uye inorema bass mimhanzi chiridzwa mumabhendi endarira. Pano, euphonium inoita kwete chete basa rinoenderana, asi kazhinji inonzwika yega. Ari kuwana mukurumbira mukuru mune jazz ruzha.