Enharmonism |
kubva muchiGiriki enarmonios - enharmonic, lit. – konzonendi, konzonendi, kuwirirana
Kuenzana mukukwirira kwemanzwi akasiyana mukupereta (semuenzaniso, des = cis), nguva (semuenzaniso,
chords (as-c-es-ges=as-c-es-fis=gis-his-dis-fis nezvimwewo), makiyi (Fis-dur=Ges-dur). Pfungwa ye "E." inotora 12-nhanho (yakaenzana) temperament system (ona Temperament). Yakagadziridzwa maererano nekuvandudzwa kwezvikamu zvekare zvekare - chromatic uye enharmonic (ona Chromatism, Enharmonic) - uye kubatanidzwa kwemanzwi emarudzi ose matatu (pamwe chete nediatonic) mukati mechikamu chimwe chete; saka, pakati pemanzwi e diatonic. toni yose, manzwi ezvose zvakaderera nepamusoro matanho anoiswa, somuenzaniso. (c)-des-cis-(d) necommatic musiyano pakati pehurefu hwavo (naP. de Beldemandis, kutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 15; ona: Coussemaker E., Scriptorum…, t. 3, p. 257-58; y H Vicentino, 1555). Yakachengetedzwa mushoko redzidziso. treatises, enharmonics yekare (apo ma microintervals akasiyana mukukwirira) muzana remakore rechi18, sezvo hutsinye hwakapararira, kunyanya yunifomu temperament, kupinda muEurope itsva E. (apo microintervals, somuenzaniso, eis uye des, inotopindirana mukukwirira). Pfungwa ye "E." inosiyana muhunyambiri: E. seratidziro yehunhu hwekuita (passive kana yekufungidzira E.; semuenzaniso, muBach mune 1st vhoriyamu yeWell-Tempered Clavier, kuenzana kwemakiyi es-moll uye dis-moll mu8th. prelude and fugue; in Beethoven in Adagio 8th fi. Sonata E-dur=Fes-dur) uye sechiratidzo chekushanda kusaenzana (“detemperation”, AS Ogolevets; maererano nemutemo weizwi “wakapinza pamusoro pefurati”), yakavanzika, asi yakachengetedzwa pasi pechifukidziro chechimiro (inoshanda kana chaiyo E., semuenzaniso, mune anharmonic modulation kuburikidza nehf-as-d=hf-gis-d pakuunza reprise muGorislava's cavatina kubva kuGlinka's Ruslan naLyudmila).
Arts. kushandiswa kweE. muEurope. nziyo ndedzekutanga. 16th century (A. Willart, duet “Quid non ebrietas”); E. yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muchromatic. madrigal yezana remakore rechi16-17, kunyanya chikoro cheVenetian. Kubva panguva yeJS Bach, yave nzira yakakosha yekukasira modulation, uye denderedzwa remakumi matatu makiyi makuru uye madiki akavakirwa pariri ave akakosha kune classical-romantic. mimhanzi modulation sphere maumbirwo. Mune tonal chromatic 30th century system hukama hweE. hunoendeswawo kune intratonal connections, semuenzaniso. pakutanga kwechikamu che20 che3 fp. Prokofiev's sonata, chord nVI> yedhigirii (flat side) inonzwikwa zvine mutsindo nemanzwi eenharmonic akafanana nawo muchikamu chechishanu (yakapinza divi; mukurekodha kwechinyorwa - enharmonic kurerutsa):
SS Prokofiev. 6th sonata yepiyano, chikamu III.
E.'s concentration inosvika pakunyanyisa kwayo mumhanzi we12-tone, umo enharmonic switching inove inoenderera (somuenzaniso wemumhanzi wekusingaperi E., ona chinyorwa Dodecaphony).
References: Renchitsky PN, Kudzidzisa nezve anharmonism, M., 1930; Ogolevets AS, Nhanganyaya yemafungiro emimhanzi yemazuva ano, M.-L., 1946; Tyulin Yu. (H.), Kosi pfupi yedzidziso inopindirana, L., 1960, yakagadziridzwa. uye wedzera., M., 1978; Pereverzev N. (K.), Zvinetso zvekuimba nziyo, M., 1966; Sposobin IV, Hurukuro pakufamba kwekuwirirana, M., 1969; Beldemandis P. de., Libellus monocordi (1413), in Coussemaker E. de, Scriptorum de musica medii aevi. Novam seriem…, t. 3, Parisiis, 1869, fakisi. buditsazve Hildesheim, 1963; Vicentino N., L'antica musica ridotta alla moderna prattica…, Roma, 1555, facsimile. kuburitsazve Kassel, 1959; Scheibe JA, Compendium musices… (c. 1730-36), in Benary P., Die deutsche Kompositionslehre des 18. Jahrhunderts, Lpz., 1961; Levitan JS, A. Willaert's famous duo, "Tijdschrift der Vereeniging vor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis", 1938, bd 15; Lowinsky EE, Tonality uye atonality mumimhanzi yezana ramakore rechigumi nematanhatu, Berk.-Los Ang., 1961.
Yu. N. Kholopov
