Chromatic system |

Chromatic system - gumi nembiri-nhanho system, yakawedzera tonality, - hurongwa hwekuenderana kwematoni inobvumira, mukati meiyo yakapihwa tonality, chord yechero chimiro pane imwe neimwe yematanho gumi nemaviri echromatic scale.

Zvakananga zve X. with. matanho asina kubatanidzwa mune diatonic kana makuru-madiki masisitimu (ona Diatonic, Major-madiki) uye asiri mawirirano e subsystems (kutsauka) mazviri; mumuenzaniso akanyorwa nemavara matema:

Sample application yekuwirirana kubva kuX ne:

SS Prokofiev. "Kupfimbana muMonastery" ("Duenna"), chiitiko 1. (Chord X. s. n II inotsiva DV pano maererano nemusimboti wetritone substitution.)

Harmony X. s. kuve nekupenya kukuru nekupenya kwenzwi. Kune maviri akakosha mhando X. c. - nekuchengetedzwa kwemono-mode base (chromatic chikuru kana chromatic minor; mumabasa eSS Prokofiev) uye nekuramba kwayo (chromatic tonality pasina kutsanangura maitiro; naP. Hindemith). Masisitimu emarudzi ese ari maviri anoshandiswa zvese nepakati muchimiro chekonzoni. consonance (ona muenzaniso uri pamusoro; zvakare fugue muna C kubva kuHindemith's Ludus tonalis ), uye ne dissonance. centre (dingindira guru re "Great Sacred Dance" kubva ku "The Rite of Spring" naIF Stravinsky; dingindira guru rechikamu chechipiri che "Lyrical Suite" naBerg). Dep. zviratidzo zve X ne. yatowanikwa mumimhanzi yezana remakore rechi2. (AP Borodin, kuvhara cadence ye "Polovtsian Dances" kubva ku opera "Prince Igor": HV-I), asi inonyanya kufanana nemimhanzi ye tonal yezana remakore rechi19. (DD Shostakovich, N. Ya. Myaskovsky, AI Khachaturyan, TN Khrennikov, DB Kabalevsky, RK Shchedrin, A. Ya. Eshpay, RS Ledenev, B Bartok, A. Schoenberg, A. Webern nevamwe).

Mumhanzi sainzi pfungwa X. pamwe. yakaiswa pamberi naSI Taneev (1880, 1909) uye BL Yavorsky (1908). Izwi rokuti "chromatic tonality" rakashandiswa naSchoenberg (1911). Dudziro yemazuva ano X. s. yakapihwa naVM Belyaev (1930). Muchidimbu dzidziso ye X. ne. yakagadzirwa muma60s. Muzana remakore rechi20 (M. Skorik, SM Slonimsky, ME Tarakanov, nezvimwewo).

References: Taneev SI, Tsamba kuna PI Tchaikovsky yaAugust 6, 1880, mubhuku: PI Tchaikovsky - SI Taneev, Tsamba, (M.), 1951; yake pachake, Movable counterpoint yekunyora zvakasimba, Leipzig, 1909, M., 1959; Yavorsky B., Chimiro chekutaura kwemimhanzi, chikamu 1, M., 1908; Catuar GL, Theoretical course of harmony, zvikamu 1-2, M., 1924-1925; Belyaev VM, "Boris Godunov" naMussorgsky. Chiitiko che thematic and theoretical analysis, mubhuku: Mussorgsky, Zvinyorwa uye tsvakurudzo, vol. 1, M., 1930; Ogolevets AS, Nhanganyaya yemafungiro emimhanzi yemazuva ano, M.-L., 1946; Skorik MM, Prokofiev naSchoenberg, "SM", 1962, No 1; yake pachake, Ladovaya hurongwa S. Prokofiev, K., 1969; Slonimsky SM, Prokofiev's Symphonies. Chiitiko chekutsvakurudza, M.-L., 1964; Tiftikidi N., Chromatic system, "Musicology", vol. 3, Alma-Ata, 1967; Tarakanov ME, Style of Prokofiev's symphonies, M., 1968; Schoenberg A., Harmonielehre, W., 1911; Hindemith P., Unterweisung im Tonsatz, Bd 1, Mainz, 1937; Kohoutek S., Novodobé skladebné smery v hudbe, Praha, 1965 (shanduro yechiRussian - Kohoutek Ts., Maitiro ekugadzira mumhanzi wezana ramakore re1976, M., XNUMX).

Yu. N. Kholopov