Cello: tsananguro yechiridzwa, chimiro, ruzha, nhoroondo, nzira yekutamba, kushandiswa

Cello inoonekwa sechiridzwa chinonyanya kuridza chiridzwa. Mutambi anogona kuridza pairi anokwanisa kubudirira ari oga, kwete zvishoma zvinobudirira kuita sechikamu che orchestra.

Chii chinonzi cello

Cello ndeyemhuri yezviridzwa zvine tambo zvakakotamiswa. Dhizaini yakawana chitarisiko chekare nekuda kwekuedza kwevatenzi vekuItaly, vakadana chiridzwa ichi violoncello (yakashandurwa se "diki kaviri bass") kana kupfupikiswa se cello.

Kunze, cello inoita seviolin kana viola, yakakura chete. Muiti haabati mumaoko ake, anoiisa pasi pamberi pake. Kugadzikana kwechikamu chepasi kunopiwa nechigadziko chakakosha chinonzi spire.

Cello ine ruzha rwakapfuma, runyoro. Inoshandiswa ne orchestra pazvinenge zvakakodzera kuratidza kusuruvara, kuora mwoyo, uye mamwe mazwi akadzama enziyo. Manzwi anopinda mukati akafanana nezwi remunhu rinobva mukati memweya.

Rudzi urwu rwemaoctave mashanu akazara (kutanga kubva "kusvika" hombe octave, inoguma ne "mi" yechitatu octave). Tambo dzacho dzakaiswa octave pazasi pe viola.

Pasinei nechitarisiko chinoshamisa, uremu hwechishandiso hudiki - chete 3-4 kg.

Sero rinonzwika sei?

Iyo cello inonzwika zvinoshamisa, yakadzika, nziyo dzayo dzakafanana nekutaura kwevanhu, nhaurirano yemoyo nemoyo. Hapana kana chiridzwa chimwechete chinokwanisa kuita nemazvo, nemoyo wese kuburitsa dzinenge dzakasiyana siyana dzemanzwiro aripo.

Iyo cello haina yakaenzana mumamiriro ezvinhu apo iwe unoda kuburitsa dambudziko renguva yacho. Anenge ari kuchema, achichema.

Kurira kwakaderera kwechiridzwa kwakafanana nebhesi yechirume, iyo yepamusoro yakafanana nezwi rechikadzi realto.

Iyo cello system inosanganisira kunyora manotsi mumabass, treble, tenor clefs.

Chimiro che cello

Chimiro chakafanana nedzimwe tambo (gitare, violin, viola). Zvinhu zvikuru ndezvi:

• Musoro. Kuumbwa: peg box, mapegi, curl. Inobatanidza kumutsipa.
• Gora. Pano, tambo dziri mumigero yakakosha. Nhamba yetambo ndeyeyero - 4 zvidimbu.
• Frame. Zvinhu zvekugadzira - huni, varnished. Zvikamu: kumusoro, pasi dhizaini, goko (parutivi chikamu), efs (maburi eresonator muhuwandu hwezvidimbu zviviri zvinoshongedza pamberi pemuviri zvinodanwa zvakadaro nekuti zvakafanana netsamba "f" muchimiro).
• Spire. Inowanikwa pasi, inobatsira chimiro chekuzorora pasi, chinopa kugadzikana.
• Bow. Basa rekugadzira ruzha. Inoitika muhukuru hwakasiyana (kubva pa1/8 kusvika 4/4).

Nhoroondo yechishandiso

Nhoroondo yepamutemo ye cello inotanga muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Akabvisa mutevedzeri wake, viola da gamba, kubva kuimba, sezvo ainzwika zvakanyanya kuwirirana. Paiva nemhando dzakawanda dzakasiyana muhukuru, chimiro, unyanzvi hwemimhanzi.

XVI - XVII mazana emakore - nguva iyo vatenzi vekuItaly vakavandudza dhizaini, vachitsvaga kuburitsa zvese zvayaigona. Nekuda kwekuedza kwakabatana, modhi ine chiyero chemuviri saizi, nhamba imwe chete yetambo, yakaona chiedza. Mazita emhizha aive neruoko mukugadzira chiridzwa anozivikanwa munyika yose - A. Stradivari, N. Amati, C. Bergonzi. Chokwadi chinonakidza - maseru anodhura zvakanyanya nhasi maoko aStradivari.

The classical cello yakakurumidza kuwana mukurumbira. Akanyorerwa mabasa eSolo, zvino yakanga yava nguva yekudada nenzvimbo muorchestra.

Zana remakore rechisere nderimwe danho rokuzivikanwa pasi rose. Iyo cello inova imwe yezviridzwa zvinotungamira, vadzidzi vezvikoro zvemimhanzi vanodzidziswa kuiridza, pasina iyo kuita kwechinyakare mabasa hakufungidzirwe. Iyo orchestra inosanganisira mashoma emakumi mashanu cellists.

Iyo repertoire yechiridzwa chakasiyana kwazvo: zvirongwa zvekonti, solo zvikamu, sonatas, kuperekedza.

Saizi renji

Muimbi anogona kuridza pasina kukanganiswa kana saizi yechiridzwa chakasarudzwa nemazvo. Saizi yemhando inosanganisira zvinotevera sarudzo:

• 1/4
• 1/2
• 3/4
• 4/4

Sarudzo yekupedzisira ndiyo yakajairika. Izvi ndizvo zvinoshandiswa nenyanzvi dzemitambo. 4/4 inokodzera munhu mukuru ane chiyero chekuvaka, avhareji urefu.

Sarudzo dzakasara dzinogamuchirwa kune vaimbi vakaderera, vadzidzi vezvikoro zvemimhanzi zvevana. Vaiti vane kukura pamusoro peavhareji vanomanikidzwa kuraira kugadzirwa kwechiridzwa chakakodzera (chisina-standard) zviyero.

Play technique

Virtuoso cellists vanoshandisa nzira dzinotevera dzekutamba:

• harmonic (kubvisa inzwi repamusoro nekutsikirira tambo nemunwe muduku);
• pizzicato (kubvisa ruzha pasina rubatsiro rweuta, nekudzura tambo neminwe yako);
• trill (kurova chinyorwa chikuru);
• legato (yakapfava, inowirirana inzwi rezvinyorwa zvakawanda);
• bheji yechigunwe (zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kutamba mune yepamusoro kesi).

Kurongeka kwekutamba kunoratidza zvinotevera: muimbi anogara, achiisa chimiro pakati pemakumbo, achirerekera muviri zvishoma kune muviri. Muviri unozorora pa capstan, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti muiti abate chiridzwa panzvimbo chaiyo.

Cellists vanokwesha uta hwavo nemhando yakakosha yerosin vasati vatamba. Zviito zvakadaro zvinovandudza kusungirirwa kwebvudzi reuta uye tambo. Pakupera kwekuridza mimhanzi, rosin inonyatso kubviswa kuitira kudzivirira kukanganisa kusati kwasvika kuchiridzwa.