Beethoven piano sonatas ine mazita

Iyo sonata genre inotora nzvimbo yakakosha pabasa raL. Beethoven. Chimiro chake chekirasi chinoenda kushanduka uye chinoshanduka kuita cherudo. Mabasa ake ekutanga anogona kunzi nhaka yeViennese classics Haydn naMozart, asi mumabasa ake echikuru mimhanzi haizivikanwe zvachose.

Nokufamba kwenguva, mifananidzo yeBeethoven's sonatas inofamba zvachose kubva kumatambudziko ekunze kuenda kune zvakaitika, nhaurirano dzemukati wemunhu naye.

Vakawanda vanotenda kuti hutsva hwemimhanzi yaBeethoven hunobatanidzwa nehurongwa, ndiko kuti, kupa basa rimwe nerimwe nemufananidzo chaiwo kana chirongwa. Mamwe ma sonatas ake ane zita chairo. Zvisinei, ndiye munyori akapa zita rimwe chete: Sonata Nhamba 26 ine chirevo chiduku se epigraph - "Lebe wohl". Chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu chinewo zita rerudo: "Farewell", "Kuparadzana", "Musangano".

Mamwe ese ma sonatas akanzi atove munzira yekuzivikanwa uye nekukura kwemukurumbira wavo. Aya mazita akagadzirwa neshamwari, vaparidzi, uye vanongoti mafeni ekugadzira. Imwe neimwe yaienderana nemafungiro uye masangano akasimuka paakanyura mumimhanzi iyi.

Iko hakuna zano rakadaro mumitambo yaBeethoven's sonata, asi munyori dzimwe nguva ainyatsokwanisa kugadzira makakatanwa akaiswa pasi peimwe semantic pfungwa, aiburitsa izwi iri zvakajeka nerubatsiro rwemazwi uye agogics zvekuti zvirongwa zvakazvikurudzira. Asi iye pachake aifunga nezvehuzivi kupfuura kuronga kuronga.

Sonata Nhamba 8 "Pathetique"

Imwe yemabasa ekutanga, Sonata No. 8, inonzi "Pathetique". Zita rokuti “Great Pathetic” rakapiwa kwariri naBeethoven amene, asi harina kuratidzirwa mumanyoro. Iri basa rakava rudzi rwemhedzisiro yebasa rake rekutanga. Ushingi mifananidzo yehugamba-inoshamisira yainyatsooneka pano. Munyori wemakore makumi maviri nemasere, uyo akanga atotanga kusangana nematambudziko ekunzwa uye akanzwisisa zvinhu zvose mumavara anosuruvarisa, nenzira isingadzivisiki akatanga kutarisana nehupenyu nehuzivi. Mimhanzi inopenya yemitambo ye sonata, kunyanya chikamu chayo chekutanga, yakava nyaya yekukurukurirana uye kukakavara kwete pasi peiyo opera premiere.

Izvo zvitsva zvemimhanzi zvakare zvakaisa mukusiyana kwakasiyana, kukakavara uye kukakavara pakati pemapato, uye panguva imwechete kupindira kwavo mukati meumwe neumwe uye kusikwa kwekubatana uye budiriro ine chinangwa. Iro zita rinozvipembedza zvizere, kunyanya sezvo magumo achiratidzira dambudziko rekupedzisira.

Sonata Nhamba 14 "Chiedza cheMwedzi"

Yakazara nerunako rwenziyo, inodiwa nevakawanda, "Moonlight Sonata" yakanyorwa panguva inosuruvarisa yehupenyu hwaBeethoven: kuparara kwetariro yeramangwana rinofadza nemudiwa wake uye yekutanga kuratidzwa kwechirwere chisingachinji. Uku ndiko kureurura kwemunyori uye basa rake rinobva pamwoyo. Sonata Nhamba 14 yakagamuchira zita rayo rakanaka kubva kuna Ludwig Relstab, mutsoropodzi ane mukurumbira. Izvi zvakaitika mushure mekufa kwaBeethoven.

Mukutsvaga mazano matsva eiyo sonata cycle, Beethoven anobva pane yechinyakare kuumbwa chirongwa uye anouya kuchimiro chekufungidzira sonata. Nekutyora miganhu yemhando yechinyakare, Beethoven nekudaro anopokana nemakanoni anomanikidza basa rake nehupenyu.

Sonata Nhamba 15 "Pastor"

Sonata Nhamba 15 yakanzi "Grand Sonata" nemunyori, asi muparidzi kubva kuHamburg A. Kranz akapa zita rakasiyana - "Pastoral". Haisi kunyanya kuzivikanwa pasi payo, asi inonyatsoenderana nechimiro uye mafungiro emimhanzi. Pastel inodzikamisa mavara, lyrical uye yakadzora melancholy mifananidzo yebasa inotiudza nezve inowirirana mamiriro aive Beethoven panguva yekuinyora. Munyori pachake aida iyi sonata zvakanyanya uye airidza kakawanda.

Sonata Nhamba 21 "Aurora"

Sonata Nhamba 21, inonzi "Aurora," yakanyorwa mumakore mamwe chete sekubudirira kukuru kwemuimbi, Eroic Symphony. Mwarikadzi wemambakwedza akava musimboti weiyi chinyorwa. Mifananidzo yemasikirwo anomuka uye lyrical motifs inomiririra kuzvarwa patsva kwemweya, mafungiro ane tariro uye kuwedzera kwesimba. Iri nderimwe remabasa mashoma eBeethoven uko kune mufaro, simba rinosimbisa hupenyu uye chiedza. Romain Rolland akadana basa iri "The White Sonata". Folklore motifs uye rhythm yekutamba kwevanhu zvinoratidzawo kuva pedyo kwemimhanzi iyi kune zvakasikwa.

Sonata Nhamba 23 "Appassionata"

Zita rokuti "Appassionata" ye sonata Nhamba 23 yakapiwawo kwete nemunyori, asi nemuparidzi Kranz. Beethoven pachake aifunga nezvehushingi hwevanhu uye hugamba, hukuru hwekufunga uye kuda, huri muShakespeare's The Tempest. Zita, rinobva pashoko rokuti “chishuvo,” rakakodzera zvikuru mukuwirirana nechimiro chokufananidzira cheiyi nziyo. Basa iri rakatora simba rose rinoshamisa uye dzvinyiriro yougamba yakanga yaungana mumweya womunyori. Iyo sonata izere nemweya wekupandukira, pfungwa dzekupikisa uye kuramba uchirwa. Iyo symphony yakakwana iyo yakazarurwa muHeroic Symphony yakamisikidzwa zvine hungwaru mune ino sonata.

Sonata Nha. 26 "Farewell, Kuparadzana, Dzoka"

Sonata Nhamba 26, sezvatotaurwa, ndiyo chete yechokwadi purogiramu yebasa mukutenderera. Chimiro chayo "Farewell, Separation, Return" yakafanana nehupenyu hwehupenyu, apo mushure mekuparadzana vadikani vanosangana zvakare. Sonata yakatsaurirwa kuenda kwaArchduke Rudolph, shamwari yemunyori uye mudzidzi, kubva kuVienna. Dzinenge shamwari dzaBeethoven dzose dzakabva naye.

Sonata Nhamba 29 "Hammerklavier"

Imwe yekupedzisira mukutenderera, Sonata Nhamba 29, inonzi "Hammerklavier". Mumhanzi uyu wakanyorerwa chiridzwa chitsva chenyundo chakagadzirwa panguva iyoyo. Nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero zita iri rakapiwa chete sonata 29, kunyange zvazvo kutaura kwaHammerklavier kunowanikwa muzvinyorwa zveake akazotevera sonatas.