Zvese nezve Yakut khomus

Kufunga nezve kugona chiridzwa chepakutanga chemimhanzi, zvine musoro kutendeudzira pfungwa dzako kune Yakut khomus. Kudzidza kuridza rudimbwa rwemuJudha hakuna kunyanya kuoma, asi mumhanzi uri kubuda hausiyi munhu asina hanya.

Iyo Yakut khomus, inozivikanwawo sekuti vargan, chiridzwa chemimhanzi chevanhu veko veRepublic of Sakha. Zvinowanzogamuchirwa kuti nhoroondo yekuvapo kwayo inodzokera kumashure anopfuura 5 zviuru zvemakore. Inogara ichionekwa sehunhu hwema shamans, khomus ine isinganzwisisike, senge cosmic ruzha, iyo inoisiyanisa kubva kune ese mimwe michina yemimhanzi. Zvinonzi chinhu chinokwana muchanza cheruoko rwako chinokwanisa “kuimba nenzwi rezvakasikwa”. Nhasi, rudimbwa rwemuJudha hausi chete "mutori wechikamu" mumitambo yeshamanic, asiwo chiratidzo chetsika dzevanhu.

Kare, yakanga iri tsika yekuveza Yakut khomus kubva muhuni kana pfupa, ichiedza kupa kunze chimiro chemuti wakarohwa nemheni. Zvakacherechedzwa kuti kana mhepo ichizunungusa muti wakadaro, maungira asinganzwisisiki anobuda. Pane imwe nguva, vanhu vaizviona sezvitsvene uye vaitochengeta machipisi anodonha. Iyo mbira yemazuva ano inowanzogadzirwa nesimbi, iyo ine zvakanakira zvikuru. Pakutanga, yakadzokorora chimiro chekhomus yehuni, asi nhasi inoratidzika sehove yebhiza, sezvo inoumbwa nemucheka uye matanda maviri akareba, anonzi "matama".

Rurimi rwesimbi runotanga pakati pemupendero uye runofamba pakati pe "matama". Mushure mokupfuudza tumiti, chikamu ichi chinokotama, chogadzira ndiro inodedera ine muromo wakakombama, inokwanisa kuburitsa manzwi. Vargan inowanzoshongedzwa nemaitiro enyika, zvinorehwa nezvimwe zvisati zvasarudzwa.

Kune maYakuts, kushandiswa kwerudimbwa rwemuJudha chiitiko chepedyo. VaShaman vaishandisa chiridzwa chemumhanzi kurwisa zvirwere uye kubvisa mweya yakaipa. Mukuwedzera, nziyo dze“chadenga” dzaiwanzoperekedza ziviso dzorudo. Vakadzi vairidzawo mimhanzi pa khomus - nekuda kweizvi, kunyange rudzi rwose rwekomus chants zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvinofadza kuti vagari vemazuva ano veAltai vanowanzoridza chiridzwa pasina maoko pavanenge vachikama mhou, iyo, ichidzikama, inopa mukaka wakawanda. Mushure mokumukira, mbira dzechiJudha dzakarambidzwa kwenguva yakati, asi nhasi tsika yacho iri kumutsidzirwa, uye vanhu vakawanda vanofarira mukana wekudzidziswa nevatenzi.

Kuridza Yakut khomus, kunyatsoteerera kunodiwa, sezvo mimhanzi ichafanirwa kunzwisiswa kwete nenzeve chete, asi nemuviri wese. Masters emumhanzi wevargan vanopokanawo kuti usati watanga kudzidziswa nemudziyo, zvinodikanwa "kubatanidza", uchipfeka senge pendant pamutsipa kana muhomwe yako. Chokwadi, zvinorambidzwa kuendesa rudimbwa rwemuJudha kune mumwe munhu panguva iyi. Zvinoda kuziva kuti kune muridzi we khomus, nyaya yayo inoitawo basa rinokosha. Tsika yakajairika ndeyekuita muchimiro che totemic mhuka, kana kuishongedza nemufananidzo wemweya waifanira kuita basa remuchengeti wechiridzwa.

Iyo Yakut khomus inogona kusiyanisa zvese muchimiro, kusanganisira huwandu hwetsanga, uye muzvinhu zvekugadzira, kureba uye toni yeizwi iri kuburitswa. Kune ese ari maviri madiki uye akati wedzeredzei modhi. Kuchena kwezwi, kudzika uye toni zvinoenderana nehukuru hwechigadzirwa.

Dhizaini yeYakut khomus iri nyore kwazvo: hwaro mhete uye rurimi runofamba zvakasununguka. Chishandiso chacho chinogona kunge chakasimba (apo rurimi rwunobva rwachekwa muchigadziko) kana kuti mubatanidzwa (apo rurimi rwakapatsanurwa rwaiswa pamhete). Nechekunze, rudimbwa rwemuJudha runogona kuita searc kana kuti ndiro nhete nhete. Mhando dzeArcuate dzakagadzirwa kubva kumatare esimbi, pakati peiyo chikamu chesimbi chakasungirirwa, chinopera nehokwe.

Mienzaniso inodhura inowanzogadzirwa kubva kusirivha kana tsvimbo yemhangura, uye yakashongedzwa ne inlay uye engraving. Lamellar jew's mbira dzakagadzirwa kubva mundiro imwe chete, pakati payo pane slot, uye rurimi runogona kunge rwakasimbiswa kana kungotemwa kubva pachigadziko chimwe chete. Mahwendefa emimhanzi anowanzo gadzirwa kubva pamatanda, bhonzo, kana bamboo.

Vargan mhando dziripo mumatunhu enyika, uye nepasirese, vane yavo chaiyo. Semuenzaniso, iyo Altai komuz chiridzwa chepakati nepakati chine rurimi rwakareruka uye hwaro hweovha. Multrommel yeGerman muchina muhombe unoburitsa manzwi akaderera uye ane ruzha. Vietnamese Dan Moi ndeye lamellar siyana. Inofanira kudzvinyirirwa kumiromo, zvichiita kuti inzwi rive rakapfava, rakakwirira uye rakareba. Rurimi rwemurchunga mudiki weNepalese unorebesa kune rumwe rutivi.

Vaimbi pachavo vari kugara vachivandudza chiridzwa ichi. Saka, Osipov's khomus inoonekwa sechiridzwa chepasi rose, chakanakira vanotanga. Inokubvumira kuti ugadzire mimhanzi inokurumidza uye inononoka, yakanyarara uye ine ruzha, uye iwe unogona kurova zvose iwe pachako uye iwe pachako. Sensitivity uye renji hazvina kusiyana pahurefu, asi ruzha ruchiri organic.

Vargan Luginov ane ruzha rwakapfuma uye huwandu hwakasiyana hwepamusoro.

Iyo Yakut khomus yeMandarov ine mukurumbira nekuda kwedense low timbre. Kuvakwa kwesimbi nerurimi rwakapfava kwakanakira maitiro ane simba. Mutsindo unoguma unonzi kusazvidzikisira uye undemanding kune hunyanzvi hwemuimbi.

Iyo melodious khomuses yeMaltsev inofanirwa kuzivikanwa seimwe yeakanakisa. Ruzha rwakajeka, ruzha rwakajeka, pasi timbre - izvi zvose zvinotsanangura kufarirwa kweizvi zvakasiyana-siyana pakati pevatambi. Ivhareji yakaoma yerurimi inokubvumira kuchengetedza rhythm kunyange kana tempo ichikurumidza.

Vargan tenzi Chemchoeva inogadzira ruzha uye ruzha. Rurimi rwekuoma kwepakati rakakodzera kune vanoita chero nzira.

Iyo Yakut khomus ine mitauro kubva kune imwe kusvika kune ina. Chiridzwa chine humbowo chimwe chinorira pane imwe chete. Kudengenyeka kwayo kunogadzirwa nekuda kwemhepo yakafemerwa uye yakafemerwa, pamwe nekutaura kwemutambi. Tsanga padzakawanda, inzwi rinowedzerawo.

Kurira kwerudimbwa rwechiJudha kunopindirana zvikuru nemaimbiro epahuro evanhu vokuSiberia. Mumhanzi wacho unonyanya kukwezva kana mutambi wekhomus anotanga kuruka kutaura mumanzwi, sokunge ari kuimba nomurudimbwa womuJudha uye, chokwadika, achiwedzera kutenheka. Iyo vargan inoonekwa sechiridzwa chinonzwika chinoburitsa "velvety" ruzha, asi ne "metallic note". Nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti mimhanzi yakadaro inodzikamisa uye inokugadzirira kuti ufungisise.

Iyo State Museum yeKhomus, ine chinzvimbo chepasi rose, iri muguta reYakutsk. Chiratidziro chinopa zviratidziro zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe kubva pasirese, kusanganisira Chukchi khomus, Tuvan folk, Indian, Mongolian nevamwe vazhinji. Iyo tsika institution yakavambwa munaNovember 30, 1990 naAcademician weRussia Academy yeScience Ivan Yegorovich Alekseev. Nhasi inzvimbo inoshingairira kusimudzira tsika, inobata marudzi ese ezviitiko, homwe huru iri kuwedzera gore rega rega.

Kuratidzwa kwehoro yekutanga kunobvumira vashanyi kuti vajairane nehunhu hwekugadzira chiridzwa chemimhanzi uye kuona zvisikwa zvevatenzi vanozivikanwa, kusanganisira izvo zve18th-19th century. Horo yechipiri yakatsaurirwa kune mbira dzechiJudha dzinobva kunyika dzinenge 90 dzakasiyana-siyana. Iko pano kuti pane mukana wekuzivana nezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa neshenjere, tsanga, pfupa, simbi, huni uye kusanganiswa kwavo. Basa rinokosha pano rinoitwa nekuunganidza khomusist Shishigin. Muhoro yechitatu, muunganidzwa waFrederic Crane, wakagamuchirwa nemuseum muna 2009, wakamirira vashanyi. Muzvinafundo weAmerica anga achiunganidza zvinopfuura mazana matanhatu ezviratidziro kubva muna 1961, uye chekare chazvo chinodzokera kuzana ramakore rechi 14. Mukamuri rinotevera, unogona kudzidza nyaya inonakidza yekuisa Guinness rekodhi yekutamba khomus kamwechete mu2011, pamwe nekuona sampuli yave iri munzvimbo.

Kuti udzidze kuridza rudimbwa rwemuJudha, unofanira kutanga waziva nzira yekutanga, uye zvadaro, wadzidza kuchengeta mutinhimira, tanga kuvandudza. Kubata khomus nenzira kwayo hakusi kwakaoma sezvazvingaita. Anotora mhete neruoko rwake rwekutungamirira, mushure mokunge "matama" ekunze anomanikidzwa zvakasimba pamazino kuitira kuti gomba duku riumbwe. Zvakakosha kuti rurimi rupfuure pakati pemeno, asi hahubatanidzi. Kuti rudimbwa rwemuJudha rwuridze, unofanira kuita kuti rurimi rufambe. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa nechigunwe chemunwe, icho chinotapudzwa zvishoma pane ichi chikamu.

Zvidzidzo zvekutamba khomus zvinorevawo kugona hunyanzvi hwekurova rurimi. Vaimbi vemangwana vachazofanira kudzidza kumonyorora nebhurashi remahara, uchibaya nemunwe wakakotama pamberi pechikamu. Nekumhanyisa kana kudzikisira kwe rhythm, zvese simba uye mwero weichi mechanic chiito chinoshanduka. Hazvirambidzwe kutenderedza bhurashi kune rimwe divi uye rova ​​​​munwe wako parurimi.

Kuisa kutungamira kwezwi kunowanikwa nekuda kwenhengo dzekutaura. Somuenzaniso, kana ukaputira miromo yako pamuviri wako, ipapo mumhanzi werudimbwa wemuJudha uchawedzera. Kudengenyeka kwerurimi uye kufamba kwemiromo kuchabatsirawo.

Iyo Yakut khomus inonzwika sei, ona vhidhiyo pazasi.