Alfred Brendel |

Alfred Brendel

Neimwe nzira, zvishoma nezvishoma, pasina manzwiro uye ruzha rwekushambadzira, pakati pe70s Alfred Brendel akatamira pamberi pevatenzi vepiyano yemazuva ano. Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, zita rake rainzi pamwe chete nemazita evezera uye vamwe vadzidzi - I. Demus, P. Badur-Skoda, I. Hebler; nhasi inowanzowanikwa yakabatana nemazita ezviedza zvakadai seKempf, Richter kana Gilels. Anodaidzwa kuti mumwe wevakakodzera uye, pamwe, akakodzera kwazvo mutsivi waEdwin Fisher.

Kune avo vanoziva nezvekusikwa kwekusikwa kwemuimbi, kusarudzwa uku hakusi kusingatarisirwi: ndiko, sekunge, kwakafanotemerwa nemusanganiswa unofadza wedhata repiyano, hungwaru uye hunyoro, izvo zvakatungamira mukuwirirana kwetarenda, kunyangwe. kunyangwe Brendel asina kuwana dzidzo yakarongeka. Makore ake ehudiki akapedzerwa muZagreb, uko vabereki veamangwana muimbi vaichengeta hotera diki, uye mwanakomana wake akashanda giramufoni rekare mune cafe, iyo yakava "mudzidzisi" wake wekutanga wemimhanzi. Kwemakore anoverengeka akatora zvidzidzo kubva kumudzidzisi L. Kaan, asi panguva imwe cheteyo akanga achifarira zvokupenda uye pazera ramakore 17 akanga asati asarudza kuti nderipi pamabasa maviri aya aizoda. Brendle akapa kodzero yekusarudza ... kune veruzhinji: panguva imwe chete akaronga kuratidzwa kwemifananidzo yake muGraz, uko mhuri yakatama, ndokupa konzati yega. Sezviri pachena, kubudirira kwepiyano kwakava kukuru, nokuti zvino sarudzo yakaitwa.

• Mumhanzi wepiano muchitoro cheOzon online →

Chiitiko chekutanga munzira yehunyanzvi yaBrendel yaive kukunda muna 1949 pamakwikwi eBusoni Piano achangotangwa muBolzano. Akamuunzira mukurumbira (ane mwero kwazvo), asi chinonyanya kukosha, akasimbisa chinangwa chake chekuvandudza. Kwemakore akati wandei achipinda makosi ehunyanzvi anotungamirwa naEdwin Fischer muLucerne, achitora zvidzidzo kubva kuna P. Baumgartner naE. Steuermann. Achigara muVienna, Brendel anojoinha boka renyeredzi revapiyano vechidiki vane zvipo vakauya pamberi mushure mehondo muAustria, asi pakutanga anotora nzvimbo isina mukurumbira kupfuura vamwe vamiriri vayo. Nepo vese vaive vatonyatsozivikanwa muEurope nekumwe, Brendle aive achiri kunzi "anovimbisa". Uye izvi ndezvemuzvarirwo kusvika pamwero wakati. Kusiyana nevamwe vezera rake, akasarudza, zvichida, yakananga, asi kure nenzira yakareruka muunyanzvi: haana kuzvivharira mukamuri-yedzidzo yegadziriro, saBadura-Skoda, haana kutendeukira kune rubatsiro rwezviridzwa zvekare. saDemus, haana hunyanzvi pane mumwe kana vaviri vanyori, saHebler, haana kukurumidza "kubva kuBeethoven kuenda kune jazz uye kumashure", saGulda. Aingoda kuva iye pachake, ndiko kuti, muimbi "wakajairika". Uye pakupedzisira yakabhadhara, asi kwete pakarepo.

Pakazosvika pakati pe60s, Brendel akakwanisa kufamba-famba munyika dzakawanda, akashanyira United States, uye kunyange akarekodha pane zvinyorwa ipapo, maererano nekambani yeVox, inenge inenge yakazara kuunganidzwa kwepiyano yeBeethoven. Denderedzwa rezvido zvemuimbi wechidiki rakanga ratova rakakura panguva iyoyo. Pakati pezvakarekodhwa zvaBrendle, tichawana mabasa ari kure neyakajairwa kumuimbi wepiyano wechizvarwa chake - Mussorgsky's Mifananidzo paChiratidziro, Balakirev's Islamey. Stravinsky's Petrushka, Pieces (op. 19) uye Concerto (op. 42) naSchoenberg, inoshanda naR. Strauss uye Busoni's Contrapuntal Fantasy, uye pakupedzisira Prokofiev's Fifth Concerto. Pamwe chete neizvi, Brendle ane zvakawanda uye akazvipira kuita mukamuri ensembles: akarekodha Schubert cycle "The Beautiful Miller's Girl" naG. Prey, Bartok's Sonata yePianos mbiri nePercussion, Beethoven's naMozart's Piano uye Wind Quintets, Brahms' Hungarian. Madhanzi naStravinsky's Concerto yePianos mbiri ... Asi pamwoyo werepertoire yake, pane zvese izvozvo, maViennese classics - Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, pamwe na-Liszt naSchumann. Kudzoka muna 1962, manheru ake eBeethoven akaonekwa sepamusoro pemutambo weVienna unotevera. “Hapana mubvunzo kuti Brandl mumiririri anokosha zvikuru wechikoro chiduku cheViennese,” akanyora kudaro mutsoropodzi F. Vilnauer panguva iyoyo. "Beethoven anonzwika kwaari sekunge aiziva zvakaitwa nevanyori vemazuva ano. Inopa humbowo hunokurudzira hwekuti pakati pedanho riripo rekuumbwa nedanho rekuziva kwevaturikiri pane kubatana kwakadzama kwemukati, uko kusingawanzo kuwanikwa pakati pemaitiro uye virtuosos dzinoridza muhoro dzedu dzemakonzati. Kwakanga kuri kubvuma kufunga kwakadzama kwemazuva ano kwekududzira kwenyanzvi. Nenguva isipi, kunyange nyanzvi yakadai saI. Kaiser anomudana kuti "muzivi wepiyano mumunda weBeethoven, Liszt, Schubert", uye kusanganiswa kwemhepo ine dutu uye njere dzakangwara kunomuwanira zita remadunhurirwa rokuti "wild piyano philosopher". Pakati pezvakanaka zvisina kupokana zvekuridza kwake, vatsoropodzi vanoti kusimba kwekufunga uye manzwiro, kunzwisiswa kwakanakisa kwemitemo yefomu, architectonics, pfungwa uye chiyero chemasimba ane simba, uye kufunga kwehurongwa hwekuita. "Izvi zvinoridzwa nemurume akaziva uye akajekesa chikonzero nei uye munzira ipi iyo fomu yesonata inokura," akanyora kudaro Kaiser, achireva kududzira kwake Beethoven.

Pamwe chete neizvi, kukanganisa kwakawanda kwekuridza kwaBrendle kwaiva pachenawo panguva iyoyo – maitiro, zvirevo zvemaune, kushaya simba kwe cantilena, kusakwanisa kuburitsa kunaka kwenziyo dzakapfava, dzisingaremekedzi; pasina chikonzero mumwe wevanoongorora akamupa zano rokunyatsoteerera kududzira kwaE. Gilels kwesonata yaBeethoven (Op. 3, Nha. 2) “kuti anzwisise zvakavanzwa munziyo idzi.” Sezviri pachena, muimbi anozvitsoropodza uye akangwara akateerera matipi aya, nekuti kutamba kwake kunova nyore, asi panguva imwe chete kunowedzera kutaura, kwakanyanya.

Kusvetuka kwehunhu kwakaitika kwakaunza kuzivikanwa kwepasirese Brendle mukupera kwema60s. Nzvimbo yekutanga yemukurumbira wake yaive konzati muLondon Wigmore Hall, mushure meiyo mukurumbira uye zvibvumirano zvakawira pamusoro pemuimbi. Kubva ipapo, akatamba uye akarekodha zvakawanda, pasina kuchinja, zvisinei, hunhu hwake hwakakwana mukusarudzwa uye kudzidza kwemabasa.

Brendle, nehupamhi hwezvido zvake, haaedzi kuva pianist wepasi rose, asi, pane zvinopesana, iye zvino ari kuda kuzvidzora munharaunda ye repertory. Zvirongwa zvake zvinosanganisira Beethoven (uyo sonatas yaakanyora kaviri pamarekodhi), mazhinji emabasa aSchubert, Mozart, Liszt, Brahms, Schumann. Asi haatambi Bach zvachose (achitenda kuti izvi zvinoda zviridzwa zvekare) uye Chopin ("Ndinoda mimhanzi yake, asi inoda kunyanya unyanzvi, uye izvi zvinondityisidzira nekurasikirwa nevamwe vanyori").

Kuramba achiratidza nguva dzose, akazara mupfungwa, kutamba kwake kwawedzera kupindirana, ruzha rwacho rwakanyanya kunaka, chirevo chacho chakapfuma. Chiratidzo munyaya iyi ndechekuita kwake kwekonti yeSchoenberg, iye oga munyori wemazuva ano, pamwe chete naProkofiev, uyo akaramba ari murwiyo wepiyano. Maererano nemumwe wevatsoropodzi, akasvika pedyo nechakanaka, kududzirwa kwayo kupfuura Gould, "nokuti akakwanisa kuchengetedza kunyange runako rwaidiwa naSchoenberg, asi akakundikana kudzinga."

Alfred Brendel akapfuura nenzira yakananga uye yakasarudzika nzira kubva kune novice virtuoso kuenda kumuimbi mukuru. “Kutaura chokwadi, ndiye chete akaruramisa zvizere tariro dzakanga dzakaiswa paari panguva iyoyo,” akanyora kudaro I. Harden, achitaura nezvepwere dzechizvarwa ichocho chavaridza piyano vokuViennese icho Brendel ari chikamu chayo. Zvisinei, sezvo nzira yakarurama yakasarudzwa naBrendle yakanga isiri nyore, saka ikozvino kukwanisa kwayo kuchiri kure nekuneta. Izvi zvinoratidzwa zvinogutsa kwete chete nemakonzati ake ega uye zvakarekodhwa, asiwo nemabasa aBrendel asingaregi uye akasiyana mundima dzakasiyana. Anoramba achiita mukamuri ensembles, kana kunyora zvose Schubert's mana-maoko nziyo naEvelyn Crochet, mubairo weTchaikovsky Competition yatinoziva, kana kuita Schubert's vocal cycles naD. Fischer-Dieskau muhoro huru muEurope neAmerica; anonyora mabhuku uye zvinyorwa, hurukuro pamusoro pezvinetso zvekududzira mimhanzi yaSchumann naBeethoven. Zvose izvi zvinotsvaka chinangwa chikuru - kusimbisa kushamwaridzana nemimhanzi uye nevateereri, uye vateereri vedu vakazokwanisa kuona izvi "nemaziso avo" panguva yekushanyira kwaBrendel muU.S.R muna 1988.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990