Ukulele History

Nhoroondo yeukulele yakatanga kuEurope, uko pakazosvika zana remakore rechi18 zviridzwa zvine tambo zvakange zvave kugadzirwa kwenguva yakareba. Kwakatangira ukulele kunobva pakudiwa kwevaimbi vaifamba panguva iyoyo kuve nemagitare madiki nemagitare. Mukupindura kudiwa uku, the cavaquinho , tateguru weukulele, akaonekwa muPortugal.

Nyaya yevatenzi vana

Muzana remakore rechi19, muna 1879, vagadziri vefanicha vana vechiPutukezi vakabva kuMadeira vachienda kuHawaii, vachida kunotengesera ikoko. Asi fenicha inodhura haina kuwana kudiwa pakati pevarombo veHawaii. Ipapo shamwari dzakachinjira kugadzira zviridzwa zvemimhanzi. Kunyanya, ivo vakagadzira cavaquinhos, iyo yakapihwa chimiro chitsva uye zita "ukulele" muHawaiian Islands.

Chii chimwe chekuita muHawaii asi kutamba ukulele?

Vanyori vezvakaitika kare havana ruzivo rwakavimbika nezve kuti yakaonekwa sei, uye zvakare nei yakananga ukulele system yakasimuka. Zvose zvinozivikanwa nesayenzi ndezvokuti chiridzwa ichi chakakurumidza kukunda rudo rwevaHawaii.

Magitare eHawaii anga akatitenderedza kwemazana emakore, asi kwaakabva anonakidza. Ukuleles anowanzo kubatanidzwa nevaHawaii, asi ivo vakanyatsogadzirwa muma1880s kubva kuchiPutukezi chine tambo chiridzwa. Anenge makore zana mushure mekusikwa kwavo, ukuleles vakawana mukurumbira muUS nekune dzimwe nyika. Saka zvose izvi zvakaitika sei?

Nhoroondo yechitarisiko

Kunyange zvazvo ukulele chiri chiridzwa chakasarudzika chekuHawaii, midzi yaro inodzokera kuPortugal, kune chiridzwa chine tambo chinozunguzirwa kana kuti kawakinho. Iyo cavaquinho idiki-kupfuura-gitare rakabvutwa chine tambo chiridzwa chine tuning chakada kufanana netambo ina dzekutanga dzegitare. Pakazosvika 1850, minda yeshuga yakanga yava simba guru rezvemari muHawaii uye yaida vashandi vakawanda. Mafungu mazhinji evakabva kune dzimwe nyika akauya kuzvitsuwa, kusanganisira nhamba huru yePutukezi vakauya nema cavaquinhas avo.

Ngano dzinoratidza kutanga kwekupenga kweHawaiian kwekawakinho musi waNyamavhuvhu 23, 1879. Ngarava inonzi “Ravenscrag” yakasvika muHonolulu Harbour ndokuburutsa vakwiri vayo pashure perwendo rwakaoma rwokuyambuka gungwa. Mumwe wevafambi akatanga kuimba nziyo dzekutenda nekupedzisira vasvika kwavaienda uye nekuridza mimhanzi yechivanhu pacavaquinha. Nyaya yacho inoti vagari venzvimbo iyi vakabayiwa mwoyo nekuita kwake uye vakatumidza chiridzwa ichi "Jumping Flea" (imwe yeshanduro dzinobvira dzeukulele) nekuti minwe yake yakakurumidza sei kufamba ichiyambuka fretboard. Kunyangwe, vhezheni yakadaro yekuonekwa kwezita reukulele haina humbowo hwakavimbika. Panguva imwe cheteyo, hapana mubvunzo kuti “Ravenscrag” yakaunzawo vagadziri vemiti vatatu vechiPutukezi: Augusto Diaz, Manuel Nunez naJosé kuEspírito Santo, mumwe nomumwe wavo akatanga kugadzira maturusi pashure pokubhadhara kutama achishanda muminda yeshuga. Mumaoko avo, iyo kawakinha, yakashandurwa muhukuru uye chimiro, yakawana tuning nyowani inopa ukulele ruzha rwakasiyana uye kutamba.

Kuparadzirwa kwe ukulele

Ukuleles akauya kuUnited States mushure mekutorwa kweHawaiian Islands. Iyo yepamusoro yekuzivikanwa kwechiridzwa chisina kujairika kubva kunyika isinganzwisisike kune veAmerica yakauya muma20s ezana ramakore reXX.

Mushure mekuparara kwemusika wemasheya muna 1929, kukurumbira kweukulele muUnited States kwakadzikira. Uye yakatsiviwa nechiridzwa chine ruzha - banjolele.

Asi nekupera kweHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, chikamu chevarwi veAmerica vakadzokera kumusha kubva kuHawaii. Veterans vakauya nezviyeuchidzo zvekunze - ukuleles. Saka muAmerica, kufarira chiridzwa ichi kwakamuka zvakare.

Mumakore ekuma1950, kuwedzera kwechokwadi mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvepurasitiki kwakatanga muUnited States. Ukuleles yevana vepurasitiki kubva kukambani yeMaccaferri yakaonekwawo, iyo yakava chipo chakakurumbira.

Kushambadzira kwakanakisa kwechiridzwa yaive zvakare chokwadi chekuti nyeredzi yeTV yenguva Arthur Godfrey akaridza ukulele.

Mu60s uye 70s, mukurumbira wechiridzwa chaive Tiny Tim, muimbi, muimbi uye muchengeti wemimhanzi.

Zvino, kusvika kuma2000, nyika yemimhanzi yepop yaitongwa negitare remagetsi. Uye chete mumakore achangopfuura, nekuvandudzwa kweInternet uye kutengwa kukuru kwezviridzwa zvisingadhuri kubva kuChina, ukuleles vakatanga kuwana mukurumbira zvakare.

Popularity of ukulele

Kukurumbira kweHawaiian ukulele kwakave nerutsigiro nerutsigiro rwemhuri yehumambo. Mambo weHawaii, Mambo David Kalakauna, akada ukulele zvekuti akaiisa mumadhanzi echinyakare echiHawaiian nemimhanzi. Iye nehanzvadzi yake, Liliʻuokalani (uyo anozova mambokadzi mushure make), vachakwikwidza mumakwikwi ekunyora nziyo ukulele. Mhuri yehumambo yakave nechokwadi chekuti ukulele yakanyatso kupindirana netsika dzemimhanzi uye hupenyu hwevaHawaii.

nguva iripo

Kukurumbira kweukulele kumahombekombe kwakadzikira mushure me1950s nekutanga uye kwakatevera mambakwedza enguva yedombo uye roll. Apo mwana wese asati amboda kuridza ukulele, zvino vaida kuve magitare e virtuoso. Asi kusununguka kwekutamba uye ruzha rwakasiyana rweukulele runoibatsira kudzoka kune ikozvino uye kuva imwe yezviridzwa zvinonyanya kufarirwa pakati pevechidiki!