Rudolf Kempe (Rudolf Kempe) |
Rudolf Kempe
Iko hakuna chinhu chinofadza kana chisingatarisirwi mubasa rekugadzira raRudolf Kempe. Zvishoma nezvishoma, gore negore, achiwana zvinzvimbo zvitsva, pazera remakore makumi mashanu akanga atamira muzvikamu zvevatungamiri veEurope. Kubudirira kwake kwounyanzvi kwakavakirwa paruzivo rwakasimba rwevaimbi, uye izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti muitisi pachake, sezvavanotaura, “akakurira muchikwata chevaimbi.” Achiri mudiki, akapinda makirasi pachikoro che orchestra paSaxon State Chapel munharaunda yake yeDresden, uko vadzidzisi vake vaive vaimbi vakakurumbira veguta - conductor K. Strigler, pianist W. Bachmann uye oboist I. König. Yakanga iri oboe yakazove chiridzwa chaidiwa chemutyairi wenguva yemberi, uyo atove nemakore gumi nemasere akaita pane yekutanga koni muorchestra yeDortmund Opera, uyezve mune yakakurumbira Gewandhaus orchestra (1929-1933).
Asi zvisinei nekuti rudo rweoboe rwakanga rwakakura sei, muimbi wechidiki akashuvira kuwedzera. Akabatana neDresden Opera semubatsiri conductor uye akaita debut yake ipapo muna 1936, achiitisa Lortzing's The Poacher. Ipapo akatevera makore ebasa muChemnitz (1942-1947), uko Kempe akaenda kubva kumuimbi wekwaya kuenda kumutungamiriri mukuru weimba yemitambo, ipapo muWeimar, kwaakakokwa nemutungamiriri wemimhanzi weNational Theatre (1948), uye pakupedzisira, mune imwe. yemitambo yekare muGermany - Dresden Opera (1949-1951). Kudzokera kuguta rokumusha kwake uye kushanda ikoko kwakava nguva inokosha mubasa remuimbi. Muimbi wechidiki akave akakodzera kudzora kure, kumashure kwaive naSchuh, Bush, Boehm ...
Kubva panguva ino kunotanga mukurumbira wepasi rose weKempe. Muna 1950, anoshanyira Vienna kekutanga, uye gore rinotevera anova mukuru weBavarian National Opera muMunich, achitsiva G. Solti mune ino post. Asi kupfuura zvese Kempe yakakwezvwa nekushanya. Akanga ari kondakita wekutanga weGermany kuuya kuU.SA mushure mehondo: Kempe yakaitisa Arabella neTannhäuser ikoko; akaita zvinoshamisira paLondon theatre "Covent Garden" "Ring of the Nibelung"; MuSalzburg akakokwa kunhandare yePfitzner's Palestrina. Ipapo kubudirira kwakatevera kubudirira. Kempe anoshanya kuEdinburgh Festivals, anogara achiita kuWest Berlin Philharmonic, paItaly Radio. Muna 1560, akaita chikwata chake muBayreuth, akaita "Ring of the Nibelungen" uye akazoita kanopfuura kamwe mu "guta reWagner". Kondakita akatungamirawo London Royal Philharmonic uye Zurich Orchestras. Iye haadimbura mabatiro neDresden Chapel futi.
Iye zvino kunenge kusisina nyika muWestern Europe, North uye South America, uko Rudolf Kempe aisazoita. Zita rake rinonyatsozivikanwa kurekodha vanoda.
“Kempe inotiratidza zvinorehwa nokunaka kwemuitisi,” akanyora kudaro mumwe mutsoropodzi wokuGermany. "Nechirango chesimbi, anoshanda kuburikidza nezvibodzwa mushure mezvibodzwa kuitira kuti awane kugona kwakazara kwezvinhu zveunyanzvi, izvo zvinomubvumira kuveza zviri nyore uye zvakasununguka fomu pasina kuyambuka miganhu yebasa rehunyanzvi. Zvechokwadi, izvi zvakanga zvisiri nyore, sezvo akadzidza opera mushure me opera, chidimbu nechidimbu, kwete chete kubva pakuona kwemuitisi, asiwo kubva pakuona kwezvinyorwa zvemweya. Uye saka zvakaitika kuti anogona kudana "yake" yakafara kwazvo repertoire. Anoita Bach nekuziva kuzere tsika dzaakadzidza muLeipzig. Asi zvakare anoitisa mabasa aRichard Strauss nemufaro uye nekuzvipira, sezvaaigona kuita muDresden, kwaaive aine yakanakisa Strauss orchestra yeStaatskapelle. Asi akaitisawo mabasa aTchaikovsky, kana, toti, vanyori vemazuva ano, nechido uye nehutsinye hwakatamisirwa kwaari muLondon kubva kune imwe orchestra yakarangwa seRoyal Philharmonic. Kondakita akareba, mutete anonakidzwa nemafambiro ake emaoko; Hakusi chete kunzwisisika kwemaitiro ake kuri kushamisa, asi chekutanga, mazadzero aanoita idzi nzira dzehunyanzvi nezvirimo kuti awane mhedzisiro yehunyanzvi. Zviripachena kuti tsitsi dzake dzinonyanya kutendeukira kumumhanzi wezana ramakore rechiXNUMX - pano anogona kunyatso ratidza simba rinokatyamadza iro rinoita kuti dudziro yake ive yakakosha.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969
