Quantitative uye qualitative kukosha kwepakati

Nguva yemimhanzi ndiyo consonance yezvinyorwa zviviri uye gap, kureva, chinhambwe chiri pakati pazvo. Kuzivana kwakadzama nepakati, mazita avo uye nheyo dzekuvaka dzakaitika mumagazini yekupedzisira. Kana iwe uchida chimwe chinhu kuti uvandudze ndangariro yako, ipapo chinongedzo chezvakapfuura chichapihwa pazasi. Nhasi tichaenderera mberi nekudzidza kwezvikamu, uye kunyanya, tichatarisa zviviri zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvikuru: huwandu uye hutsika.

VERENGA NEZVEKUPINDA PANO

Sezvo interval iri daro riri pakati pemanzwi, daro iri rinofanira kuyerwa neimwe nzira. Nguva yemimhanzi ine zviyero zviviri zvakadaro - huwandu uye kukosha kwehunhu. Chii? Ngatizvionei.

Kukosha kwehuwandu hwenguva

quantitative value anoti pamusoro mangani matanho emimhanzi anoita chivharo chenguva. Naizvozvo, zvichiri dzimwe nguva inonzi nhanho kukosha. Iwe unotoziva nezveyero iyi yepakati, inoratidzwa munhamba kubva pa1 kusvika ku8, iyo inotaridzwa nguva.

Ngatirangarirei kuti izvi zvinorevei. nhamba? Kutanga, ivo taura nguva dzacho pachadzo, sezvo zita renguva yacho iriwo nhamba, muchiLatin chete:

Chechipiri, izvi nhamba dzinoratidza kuti manzwi maviri epakati ari kure zvakadini - pasi nepamusoro (chigadziko nepamusoro). Iyo yakakura nhamba, iyo yakafararira iyo nhanho inova, iyo inoparadzana kure kure kwemanzwi maviri anoiumba ndeaya:

• Nhamba 1 inoratidza kuti manzwi maviri ari panhanho imwe chete yemimhanzi (kureva kuti, prima ndiko kudzokororwa kwezwi rimwe chete kaviri).
• Nhamba 2 inoreva kuti ruzha rwezasi rwuri padanho rekutanga, uye ruzha rwepamusoro rwuri pane yechipiri (kureva kuti, pane rinotevera, ruzha rwepadhuze rwemanera emimhanzi). Uyezve, kuverenga pasi kwematanho kunogona kutangwa kubva kune chero ruzha rwatinoda (kunyangwe kubva kuDO, kunyangwe kubva kuPE kana kubva kuMI, nezvimwewo).
• Nhamba yechitatu inoreva kuti hwaro hwepakati huri padanho rekutanga, uye pamusoro payo pane chetatu chayo.
• Nhamba yechina inotaridza kuti chinhambwe chiri pakati pezvinyorwa zvinhanho zvina, zvichingodaro.

Nheyo yatichangobva kutsanangura iri nyore kunzwisisa nemuenzaniso. Ngativake ese masere epakati kubva painzwi rePE, tinyore pasi mumanotsi. Iwe unoona: nekuwedzera kwenhamba yematanho (kureva, kukosha kwehuwandu), chinhambwe, musiyano pakati pechigadziko chePE uye chechipiri, ruzha rwepamusoro rwepakati, runowedzerawo.

Qualitative kukosha

Qualitative kukoshauye kukosha kwenzwi (zita rechipiri) anodaro matani matani uye semitones ari mukati menguva. Kuti unzwisise izvi, unofanira kutanga uyeuka kuti semitone uye toni chii.

Semitone ndicho chinhambwe chidiki pakati pemanzwi maviri. Zviri nyore kushandisa piyano keyboard kuti unzwisise zviri nani uye kujekesa kukuru. Iyo keyboard ine makiyi madema uye machena, uye kana ichiridzwa pasina mapeji, ipapo pachava nesemitone chinhambwe pakati pemakiyi maviri ari padyo (muruzha, hongu, uye kwete munzvimbo).

Semuenzaniso, kubva kuC kuenda kuC-SHARP, semitone (semitone patakakwira kubva kukiyi chena kuenda kune dema riri pedyo), kubva kuC-SHARP kuenda kune PE noti zvakare semitone (patakaburuka kubva kune nhema. kiyi kune chena iri pedyo). Saizvozvo, kubva F kuenda kuF-SHOT uye kubva F-SHOT kusvika G yese mienzaniso yemasemitones.

Pane semitones papiyano keyboard, iyo inoumbwa chete nemakiyi machena. Pane maviri acho: MI-FA SI uye DO, uye anofanirwa kuyeukwa.

CHINOKOSHA! Halftones inogona kuwedzerwa. Uye, semuenzaniso, kana ukawedzera maviri semitones (mahafu maviri), unowana imwe toni yakazara (imwe yakazara). Semuyenzaniso, semitone ITA neCSHAR uye pakati peCHAP nePE anowedzera kusvika kune toni yakazara pakati peDO nePE.

Kuita kuti zvive nyore kuwedzera toni, yeuka mitemo iri nyore:

1. Kutonga kwemavara machena. Kana paine kiyi dema pakati pemakiyi machena maviri ari pedyo, ipapo chinhambwe chiri pakati pavo itoni 1 yakazara. Kana pasina kiyi nhema, saka iri semitone. Ndiko kuti, zvinobuda: DO-RE, RE-MI, FA-SOL, SOL-LA, LA-SI matani akazara, uye MI-FA, SI-DO masemitones.
2. Kutonga kwemavara matema. Kana maviri makiyi matema ari padyo akapatsanurwa nekiyi chena chete (imwe chete, kwete maviri!), Zvino chinhambwe chiri pakati pavo zvakare 1 toni yakazara. Semuenzaniso: C-SHARP uye D-SHARP, F-SHARP uye G-SHARP, A-FLAT UYE SI-FLAT, nezvimwe.
3. Kutonga kwakasviba nemuchena. Mune mapeji makuru pakati pekiyi madema, mutemo wemuchinjikwa kana mutemo wematoni madema uye machena unoshanda. Saka, MI neF-SHARP, pamwe neMI-FLAT neFA matani akazara. Saizvozvo, toni dzese iSI ine C-SHARP uye SI-Flat ine yakajairwa C.

Kune iwe ikozvino, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekudzidza kuwedzera toni, uye dzidza kuti ungaziva sei toni kana semitone inokwana kubva kune imwe inzwi kuenda kune imwe. Ngatidzidzisei.

Semuenzaniso, tinoda kuona kuti matani mangani ari pakati pemanzwi echitanhatu D-LA. Manzwi ese ari maviri - ese anoita uye la, anosanganisirwa muchikamu. Isu tinofunga: do-re i 1 toni, ipapo re-mi imwe 1 toni, yatova 2. Uyezve: mi-fa is semitone, hafu, wedzera kune 2 toni dziripo, tatowana 2 nehafu toni. . Manzwi anotevera anoti fa uye munyu: imwe toni, pamwe chete yatove 3 nehafu. Uye yekupedzisira - munyu uye la, uyewo inzwi. Saka takasvika painoti la, uye pamwe chete takawana izvo kubva kuDO kuenda kuLA kune matani mana nehafu chete.

Zvino ngatizviite isu pachedu! Heano mamwe maekisesaizi ekuti iwe udzidzire. Verenga matani mangani:

• muzvitatu DO-MI
• muchikamu cheFA-SI
• mune sexte MI-DO
• mu octave DO-DO
• muchishanu D-LA
• mumuenzaniso WE-WE

Zvakanaka, sei? Wagona here? Mhinduro dzechokwadi ndeidzi: DO-MI – 2 tones, FA-SI – 3 tones, MI-DO – 4 tones, DO-DO – 6 tones, RE-LA – 3 nehafu toni, MI-MI – zero tones. Prima inguva yakadai yatisingasiyi ruzha rwekutanga, saka hapana chinhambwe chaicho mairi uye, maererano, zero toni.

Chii chinonzi quality value?

Qualitative kukosha inopa mhando itsva dzenguva. Zvichienderana nazvo, marudzi anotevera epakati anosiyaniswa:

1. Net, vari vana vavo prima, quarta, yechishanu uye octave. Nguva dzakachena dzinoratidzwa netsamba duku "h", iyo inoiswa pamberi penhamba yepakati. Ndiko kuti, pure prima inogona kupfupikiswa se ch1, pure quart - ch4, yechishanu - ch5, octave yakachena - ch8.
2. diki, kunewo mana acho - izvi ndizvo masekondi, chetatu, chetanhatu, nechinomwe. Zvikamu zviduku zvinoratidzwa netsamba duku "m" (somuenzaniso: m2, m3, m6, m7).
3. guru - vanogona kunge vakafanana nediki, kureva yechipiri, yechitatu, yechitanhatu neyechinomwe. Zvikamu zvakakura zvinoratidzwa netsamba duku "b" (b2, b3, b6, b7).
4. kuderedza - vanogona kuva chero nguva kunze kweprima. Iko hakuna yakaderedzwa prima, sezvo kune 0 toni mune yakachena prima uye hapana painoideredza (iyo yemhando kukosha haina hutsika husina kunaka). Nguva dzakaderedzwa dzakapfupikiswa se "pfungwa" (min2, min3, min4, nezvimwewo).
5. Kuwedzera - iwe unogona kuwedzera nguva dzese pasina kunze. Mazita ekuti “uv” (uv1, uv2, uv3, nezvimwewo).

Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanirwa kutarisana nemararamiro akachena, maduku uye makuru - ndiwo makuru. Uye akakurisa uye akaderedzwa anozobatana newe gare gare. Kuti uvake nguva yakakura kana diki, iwe unofanirwa kunyatsoziva kuti ingani toni mairi. Iwe unongoda kuyeuka izvi zvakakosha (pakutanga, unogona kuzvinyora pane cheat sheet uye kugara uchitarisa ipapo, asi zviri nani kuti udzidze ipapo ipapo). Saka:

Pure prima = 0 toni Sekondi diki = 0,5 toni (hafu yetani) Huru yechipiri = 1 toni Diki yechitatu = 1,5 toni (toni imwe nehafu) Huru yechitatu = 2 toni Pure quart = 2,5 toni (mbiri nehafu) Chakachena chechishanu = 3,5 toni (matatu nehafu) Diki yechitanhatu u4d XNUMX toni Hombe yechitanhatu u4d 5 toni (mana nehafu) Diki yechinomwe = 5 toni Huru yechinomwe = 5,5 toni (shanu nehafu) Octave yakachena = 6 toni

Kuti unzwisise mutsauko pakati pezvidiki uye zvakakura, tarisa uye tamba (imba pamwe chete) nguva dzakavakwa kubva pakurira kusvika:

Ngatiisei ruzivo rutsva mukuita. Semuyenzaniso, ngativake ese akanyorwa mapindiro kubva kunzwi PE.

• Pure prima kubva RE ndeye RE-RE. Ne prima hatimbofa takanetseka zvachose, inogara ichingori kudzokorora kwekurira.
• Masekondi makuru uye madiki. Chechipiri kubva kuRE, aya anowanzo kurira kweRE-MI (matanho maviri). Muchikamu chiduku panofanira kuva nehafu yezwi chete, uye muchipiri chikuru - 2 toni yose. Isu tinotarisa keyboard, tarisa kuti ingani toni kubva RE kusvika MI: 1 toni, izvo zvinoreva kuti yakavakwa yechipiri yakakura. Kuti tiwane diki, tinoda kuderedza chinhambwe nehafu toni. Kuzviita sei? Isu tinongodzikisa ruzha rwepamusoro nehafu yetoni nerubatsiro rwefurati. Isu tinowana: RE uye MI-FLAT.
• Terts zvakare emhando mbiri. Muzhinji, yechitatu kubva RE manzwi eRE-FA. Kubva RE kusvika kuFA - toni imwe nehafu. Inoti kudii? Kuti iyi yechitatu idiki. Kuti tiwane yakakura, tinoda ikozvino, pane zvinopesana, kuwedzera hafu yetoni. Isu tinowedzera izvi: tinowedzera ruzha rwepamusoro nerubatsiro rwekupinza. Isu tinowana: RE uye F-SHARP - ichi chikuru chetatu.
• Net quart (ch4). Isu tinoverenga matanho mana kubva kuPE, tinowana PE-SOL. Tarisa kuti matani mangani. Inofanira kuva maviri nehafu. Uye zviripo! Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinhu zvose zvakanaka mune iyi quart, hapana chikonzero chekuchinja chero chinhu, hapana chikonzero chekuwedzera chero zvinopinza uye mafurati.
• Yakakwana yechishanu. Isu tinorangarira zita - h5. Saka, iwe unofanirwa kuverenga kubva kuPE nhanho shanu. Aya achave manzwi RE uye LA. Pakati pavo pane toni nhatu nehafu. Zvakanyanya sezvazvinofanira kunge zviri muchikamu chechishanu chakachena. Saka, pano, zvakare, zvese zvakanaka, uye hapana mamwe masaini anodiwa.
• Sext idiki (m6) uye yakakura (b6). Matanho matanhatu kubva RE RE-SI. Wakaverenga toni here? Kubva RE kusvika kuSI - 4 nehafu toni, saka, RE-SI ihombe yechitanhatu. Isu tinoita diki - tinoderedza inzwi repamusoro nerubatsiro rwefurati, nokudaro tichibvisa semitone yakawedzerwa. Iye zvino yechitanhatu yave diki - RE uye SI-FLAT.
• Septims - manomwe, kunewo marudzi maviri. Yechinomwe kubva kuRE kurira kweRE-ITA. Pane matani mashanu pakati pavo, ndiko kuti, takagamuchira diki yechinomwe. Uye kuti uve mukuru - unofanirwa kuwedzera zvimwe. Rangarira sei? Nekubatsira kwekupinza, tinowedzera ruzha rwepamusoro, kuwedzera imwe hafu toni kuti iite shanu nehafu. Ruzha rwechinomwe chikuru - RE uye C-SHARP.
• Octave yakachena ndiyo imwe nguva iyo isina matambudziko. Takadzokorora PE kumusoro, saka takawana octave. Unogona kutarisa - yakachena, ine 6 toni.

Ngatinyorei zvese zvatakawana pane mumwe mumhanzi:

Pano, semuenzaniso, iwe unewo mapindiro akavakwa kubva kune ruzha rweMI, uye chete kubva kune mamwe manyoro - ndapota, edza kuzvivaka iwe pachako. Unofanira kudzidzira here? Haasi ese akagadzirira-akagadzirwa mhinduro pane solfeggio kunyora kure?

Uye nenzira, nguva dzinogona kuvakwa kwete kumusoro chete, asiwo pasi. Muchiitiko ichi, tichada kushandura ruzha rwepasi nguva dzese - kana zvichidikanwa, simudza kana kudzikisira. Unoziva sei nguva yekusimudza uye yekudzikisa? Tarisa pane keyboard uye ongorora zviri kuitika: chinhambwe chiri kuwedzera kana kudzikira? Range iri kukura here kana kutetepa? Zvakanaka, maererano nekucherechedza kwako, ita sarudzo yakarurama.

Kana tikavaka zvidimbu pasi, ipapo kuwedzera kwezwi rezasi kunotungamirira pakuderera kwepakati, kuderera kwenhamba yematoni-semitones. Uye kuderera - pane zvinopesana, nguva yacho inowedzera, kukosha kwehutano kunowedzera.

Tarisai, isu takavaka mapindiro pasi pano kubva pane zvinyorwa kusvika kuD uye D kuti iwe uone. Edza kunzwisisa:

Uye kubva kuMI zvichidzika, ngativake pamwechete, netsananguro.

• Pure prima kubva kuMI - MI-MI pasina kutaura. Iwe haugone kuvaka prima yakachena kana pasi kana kumusoro, nekuti inotsika ipapo ipapo: kana pano kana apo, yakafanana nguva dzese.
• Sekondi: kubva kuMI - MI-RE, kana iwe ukavaka pasi. Chinhambwe i toni 1, zvinoreva kuti sekondi yakakura. Nzira yekuita diki Inofanirwa kupfupisa nguva, kubvisa imwe semitone, uye nekuda kweizvi iwe unofanirwa kudzikisa inzwi (iyo yepamusoro haigoni kuchinjwa) kuikwevera kumusoro zvishoma, ndiko kuti, kuisimudza neinopinza. Isu tinowana: MI uye D-SHARP - diki sekondi pasi.
• Chechitatu. Isu tinoisa parutivi nhanho nhatu pasi (MI-DO), takawana hombe yechitatu (2 toni). Vakakwevera ruzha rwezasi kumusoro hafu yetoni (C-SHARP), vakawana imwe nehafu toni - diki rechitatu.
• Yechina yakakwana uye yechishanu yakakwana pano, kutaura chokwadi, yakajairika: MI-SI, MI-LA. Kana uchida - tarisa, verenga toni.
• Sextes kubva kuMI: MI-SOL yakakura, handizvo here? Nekuti mune 4 nehafu toni mairi. Kuti uve mudiki, iwe unofanirwa kutora sol-yakapinza (chimwe chinhu chinopinza uye chinopinza, kwete imwechete flat - neimwe nzira kunyange isingafadzi).
• Septima MI-FA yakakura, uye diki iMI uye FA-SHARP (ugh, inopinza zvakare!). Uye chekupedzisira, chinonyanya kuoma chinhu octave yakachena: MI-MI (hauzombofa wakavaka).

Ngationei zvakaitika. Mimwe inopinza inoenderera, kwete imwe flat. Zvakanaka zvishoma izvo hazvisi nguva dzose. Kana iwe ukavaka kubva kune mamwe manotsi, ipapo mafurati anogonawo kuwanikwa ipapo.

Nenzira, kana iwe wakanganwa izvo zvinopinza, flat uye bekar. Zvakanaka, dzimwe nguva zvinoitika… Izvi zvinogona kudzokororwa paIYI PEJI.

Kuti tivake uye tiwane mapindiro, kuverenga toni, tinowanzoda piano keyboard pamberi pemeso edu. Kuti zvive nyore, unogona kudhinda kiibhodhi yakadhonzwa, woicheka uye woiisa mubhuku rako rebasa. Uye iwe unogona kudhawunirodha isina chinhu yekudhinda kubva kwatiri.

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Tafura yenguva uye kukosha kwadzo

Zvose zvinyorwa zvechinyorwa ichi chikuru zvinogona kuderedzwa kusvika kune imwe ndiro duku, iyo yatichakuratidza iwe zvino. Iwe unogona zvakare kudhirowa iyi solfeggio cheat sheet mubhuku rako rekunyorera, pane imwe nzvimbo munzvimbo inoonekera, kuitira kuti ugare uinayo pamberi pemeso ako.

Pachave nemakoramu mana mutafura: zita rakazara renguva, kupfupika kwayo, kukosha kwehuwandu (kureva, matanho mangani ari mairi) uye kukosha kwehunhu (ingani toni). Usavhiringika? Kuti zvive nyore, iwe unogona kuzviitira yakapfupikiswa vhezheni (chete yechipiri uye yekupedzisira makoramu).

Ndizvo zvose ikozvino. Munyaya dzinotevera, iwe unoenderera mberi nemusoro wekuti "Intervals", iwe uchadzidza maitiro ekushandura kwavo, maitiro ekuwedzera nekudzikira nguva, pamwe neapi matsva uye nei vachigara mubhuku remimhanzi, uye kwete ocean. Ndinokuwona manje manje!