Philadelphia Orchestra |

Philadelphia Orchestra

Imwe yeanotungamira symphony orchestras muUnited States. Yakagadzirwa muna 1900 naconductor F. Schel pahwaro hwesemi-nyanzvi uye maamateur ensembles aivepo muPhiladelphia kubva mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi 18. Koniti yekutanga yePhiladelphia Orchestra yakaitika musi waNovember 16, 1900 pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaSchel nekutora piyano O. Gabrilovich, uyo akaita Tchaikovsky's First Piano Concerto neOrchestra.

Pakutanga, Philadelphia Orchestra yakanga ine vaimbi ve80, boka racho rakapa makonti matanhatu pagore; mumwaka mishomanana yakatevera, orchestra yakawedzera kusvika kuvaimbi 6, nhamba yemakonzati yakawedzera kusvika 100 pagore.

Muchikamu chekutanga chezana remakore rechi1, Philadelphia Orchestra yakaitwa naF. Weingartner, SV Rachmaninov, R. Strauss, E. d'Albert, I. Hoffmann, M. Sembrich, SV Rachmaninov, K. Sen -Sans, E. .Isai, F. Kreisler, J. Thibaut nevamwe. Mushure mekufa kwaShel (20), Philadelphia Orchestra yaitungamirirwa naK. Polig.

Kukurumidza kukura kweunyanzvi hwekuita kwe orchestra kunobatanidzwa nezita raL. Stokowski, uyo akatungamirira kubva muna 1912. Stokowski akawana kuwedzera kweiyo repertoire uye akashingaira kukurudzira mimhanzi yemazuva ano. Pasi pekutungamira kwake, mabasa mazhinji akaitwa muUSA kekutanga, kusanganisira Scriabin's 3rd Symphony (1915). 8th - Mahler (1918), Alpine - R. Strauss (1916), 5th, 6th uye 7th symphonies yaSibelius (1926), 1st - Shostakovich (1928), nhamba yemabasa naIF Stravinsky, SV Rachmaninov.

Iyo Philadelphia Orchestra yave rimwe remabhendi anotungamira muUnited States. Kubva 1931 Y. Ormandy aimboita nguva nenguva nePhiladelphia Orchestra, muna 1936 akazova kondakita wayo zvachose, uye mumwaka wa1938/39 akatsiva Stokowski semukuru mukuru.

Mushure meHondo Yenyika yechipiri 2-1939 iyo Philadelphia Orchestra yakawana mukurumbira weimwe yeakanakisa orchestra munyika. Muna 45 boka rakashanyira Great Britain, muna 1950 rakaita rwendo rukuru rweEurope, muna 1955 akapa 1958 makonzati muU.SR (Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv), ichiteverwa nenzendo dzakawanda munyika dzakawanda dzepasi.

Kuzivikanwa kwepasirese kwePhiladelphia Orchestra kwakaunza kunaka kwemutambo wemuimbi wega wega, kubatana kwakabatana, iro rakapamhama rine simba renji. Makondakita makuru uye vaimbi vepanyika, kusanganisira vaimbi veSoviet vanotungamira, vakabatana neochestra: EG Gilels naDF Oistrakh vakaita madhiri avo nawo muUSA, LB Kogan, Yu. Kh. Temirkanov kazhinji aiitwa.

The Philadelphia Orchestra inopa anenge 130 makonti pagore; munguva yechando inoitirwa muhoro yeAcademy of Music (3000 zvigaro), muzhizha - mune yekunze amphitheatre "Robin Hood Dell".

MM Yakovlev

Vatungamiri vemimhanzi:

• Fritz Scheel (1900-1907)
• Karl Polig (1908-1912)
• Leopold Stokowski (1912-1938)
• Eugene Ormandy (1936-1980, makore maviri ekutanga naStokowski)
• Riccardo Muti (1980-1992)
• Wolfgang Sawallisch (1993-2003)
• Christoph Eschenbach (2003-2008)
• Charles Dutoit (2008-2010)
• Yannick Neze-Seguin (kubvira 2010)

Mufananidzo: Philadelphia Orchestra inotungamirwa naYannick Nézet-Séguin (Ryan Donnell)