Periodization yetsika dzemimhanzi

Iyo periodization yetsika yemimhanzi inyaya yakaoma iyo inogona kutariswa kubva kune akasiyana maonero zvichienderana neakasarudzwa maitiro. Asi izvo zvinonyanya kukosha mukushandurwa kwemimhanzi mafomu uye mamiriro ayo anoshanda.

Kubva pane iyi maonero, periodization yemimhanzi tsika inoratidzwa sezvinotevera:

• Kunakidzwa nemanzwi echisikigo (mimhanzi mune zvakasikwa). Padanho rino hapasati pave nehunyanzvi, asi maonero ekunaka atovepo. Manzwi echisikigo seakadaro haasi mimhanzi, asi kana akaonekwa nevanhu anove mimhanzi. Panguva iyi, munhu akawana kukwanisa kunakidzwa nenziyo idzi.
• Mumhanzi wakaiswa. Yaiperekedza basa, ndicho chaiva chikamu chayo, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakushanda pamwe chete. Mimhanzi inova chikamu chehupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
• Rite. Mimhanzi inoperekedza kwete basa chete, asiwo tsika dzose dzinokosha.
• Kuparadzaniswa kwechikamu chehunyanzvi kubva mutsika nechitendero chakaoma uye kuwana kwayo yakazvimirira yekunaka kukosha.
• Kuparadzaniswa kwezvikamu zvega, kusanganisira mimhanzi, kubva kune hunyanzvi hwakaoma.

Matanho ekugadzira mimhanzi

Iyi periodization yetsika yemimhanzi inotibvumira kusiyanisa matanho matatu mukuumbwa kwemimhanzi:

1. Kubatanidzwa kwemimhanzi mumabasa evanhu, zviratidzo zvekutanga zvemimhanzi;
2. Marudzi ekutanga emimhanzi anoperekedza mitambo, miitiro uye zviitiko zvebasa, pamwe nekuimba, kutamba uye mitambo yemitambo. Mimhanzi haiparadzaniswe nemashoko uye kufamba.
3. Kugadzira mimhanzi yezviridzwa seyakazvimirira art fomu.

Mvumo yezviridzwa zvinozvimiririra mumhanzi

Iyo periodization yetsika yemimhanzi haipere nekuumbwa kwechiridzwa chinozvimiririra mimhanzi. Iyi nzira yakapedzwa muzana remakore rechi16-17. Izvi zvakabvumira mutauro wemimhanzi uye pfungwa kuti dziwedzere mberi. Bach nemabasa ake chimwe chezviitiko zvakakosha mukuvandudzwa kweunyanzvi hwemimhanzi. Pano, kekutanga, iyo yakazvimiririra logic yemimhanzi uye kugona kwayo kuyanana nemamwe marudzi eunyanzvi zvakaratidzwa zvizere. Nekudaro, kusvika muzana ramakore rechi 18, mafomu emimhanzi akadudzirwa kubva pamaonero emumhanzi rhetoric, iyo yainyanya kutsamira pane zvinyorwa.

Nhanho inotevera mukuvandudzwa kwemimhanzi inguva yeViennese classicism. Iyi ndiyo nguva iyo symphonic art yakabudirira. Mabasa aBeethoven airatidza kuti mimhanzi inopa sei hupenyu hwemweya hwakaoma hwemunhu.

Munguva kudanana Paiva nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana mumimhanzi. Panguva imwecheteyo, hunyanzvi hwemimhanzi hunokura sechimiro chekuzvimiririra, uye zvidiki zvezviridzwa zvinoratidzika zvinoratidzira hupenyu hwepfungwa hwezana ramakore re19. Nekuda kweizvi, mafomu matsva akagadzirwa anogona kuratidza zviri nyore zviitiko zvega. Panguva imwecheteyo, mifananidzo yemimhanzi yakava yakajeka uye yakanyatsojeka, sezvo ruzhinji rwemabourgeois rwakada kujeka uye simba rezviri mukati, uye mutauro wakagadziridzwa wemimhanzi wakaedza kubatanidzwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira mumhando dzeunyanzvi. Muenzaniso weizvi ndiwo maoperas aWagner, mabasa aSchubert naSchumann.

Muzana remakore rechi20, mimhanzi inoramba ichikura mumativi maviri anoita seanopesana. Kune rimwe divi, uku ndiko kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro matsva emimhanzi, kubviswa kwemimhanzi kubva muhupenyu. Kune rumwe rutivi, kukudziridzwa kwemhando dzeunyanzvi uchishandisa mimhanzi, umo mitsva yekubatanidza nemifananidzo yemimhanzi inogadzirwa, uye mutauro waro unova wakananga.

Munzira yekubatana uye kukwikwidza kwese kwese kwemimhanzi art kune zvimwe zvakawanikwa nevanhu munzvimbo ino.