Mario Lanza (Mario Lanza) |

mario lance

"Iri ndiro izwi rakanakisa rezana ramakore rechiXNUMX!" - Arturo Toscanini akambotaura paakanzwa Lanz ari munzvimbo yeDuke muVerdi's Rigoletto padanho reMetropolitan Opera. Chokwadi, muimbi uyu aive aine inoshamisa inoshamisa tenor yevelvet timbre.

Mario Lanza (zita chairo Alfredo Arnold Cocozza) akaberekwa muna Ndira 31, 1921 muPhiladelphia kumhuri yeItaly. Freddie akatanga kufarira mumhanzi weOpera. Ndakateerera nomufaro uye ndakabata mumusoro marekodhi aiitwa nevaimbi vokuItaly vaibva muunganidzwa wakapfuma wababa vangu. Zvisinei, kupfuura mukomana ipapo aida mitambo nevezera rake. Asi, sezviri pachena, chimwe chinhu chakanga chiri mumagene ake. El de Palma, muridzi wechitoro paVine Street muPhiladelphia, anoyeuka, kuti: “Ndinoyeuka mamwe madekwana. Kana ndangariro dzangu dzichindishandira zvakanaka, maiva mugore ramakumi matatu namapfumbamwe. Dutu chairo rakamuka muPhiladelphia. Guta rakanga rafukidzwa nechando. Zvose zvichena-chena. Ndasuwa kubhawa. Handitarisire vashanyi… Zvino gonhi rinovhurika; Ndinotarisa uye handitendi maziso angu: shamwari yangu yechidiki Alfredo Cocozza pachake. Zvose muchando, kubva pasi payo heti yebhuruu yemufambisi uye jira rebhuruu hazvioneki. Freddie ane bundle mumaoko ake. Asina chaakataura, akapinda mukati-kati meresitorendi, akagara mukona yainyanya kudziya ndokutanga kuridza marekodhi naCaruso naRuffo…Zvandakaona zvakandishamisa: Freddie aichema, achiteerera mimhanzi… Akagara akadaro kwenguva refu. Pakati pehusiku, ndakashevedzera kuna Freddie nekuchenjerera kuti yaive nguva yekuvhara chitoro. Freddie haana kundinzwa ndakabva ndaenda kunorara. Akadzoka mangwanani, Freddie ari munzvimbo imwe chete. Zvinoitika kuti akateerera marekodhi husiku hwese ... Gare gare ndakabvunza Freddie nezvehusiku ihwohwo. Akanyemwerera achinyara ndokuti, “Signor de Palma, ndakasuwa zvikuru. Uye wakasununguka kwazvo. ”…

Handife ndakakanganwa chiitiko ichi. Zvose zvakaratidzika kuva zvinoshamisa kwandiri panguva iyoyo. Mushure mezvose, anogara aripo Freddie Cocozza, sekurangarira kwandinorangarira, aive akasiyana zvachose: anotamba, akaomarara. Aigara achiita "feats". Takamuti Jesse James nekuda kweizvozvo. Akapinda muchitoro achiita seanorovera. Kana aida chimwe chinhu, haana kutaura, asi akaimba chikumbiro ... Neimwe nzira akauya ... Kwandiri zvaiita sekuti Freddie ainetsekana pamusoro pechimwe chinhu. Senguva dzose, akaimba chikumbiro chake. Ndakamukandira glass reice cream. Freddie akaibata panhunzi uye akaimba achiseka: "Kana iwe uri Mambo weHogi, saka ini ndichave Mambo weVaimbi!"

Mudzidzisi wekutanga waFreddie aive mumwe Giovanni Di Sabato. Akanga adarika makumi masere. Akatanga kudzidzisa Freddie mumhanzi kuverenga uye solfeggio. Ipapo kwakanga kune makirasi naA. Williams naG. Garnell.

Sehupenyu hwevaimbi vakawanda vakuru, Freddie aivewo nerombo rake rekuzorora. Lanza anoti:

“Pane imwe nguva ndaifanira kubatsira kuendesa piyano paodha yakagamuchirwa nehofisi yezvokufambisa. Chimbo chacho chaifanira kuunzwa kuPhiladelphia Academy of Music. Vaimbi vakuru vekuAmerica vakaimba paacademy iyi kubvira 1857. Uye kwete America chete. Vanenge vatungamiri vese veAmerica, kutanga naAbraham Lincoln, vanga vari pano uye vakapa hurukuro dzavo dzine mukurumbira. Uye pese pandaipfuura nepachivako ichi chikuru, ndaibvisa ngowani yangu ndisingadi.

Ndagadzira piyano, ndakanga ndava kuda kuenda neshamwari dzangu apo ndakaona kamwe kamwe mutungamiriri wePhiladelphia Forum, VaWilliam C. Huff, uyo akambonditeerera kumuperekedzi wangu Irene Williams. Akamhanyira kuzosangana neni, asi paakaona “basa rangu rechinguvana”, akashamiswa. Ndakanga ndakapfeka hovhorosi, jira dzvuku rakanga rakasungwa muhuro mangu, chirebvu changu chakanga chamwayiwa nefodya – ichi chingamu chaiva mufashoni panguva iyoyo.

"Uri kutsvagei kuno, shamwari yangu?"

– Hauoni here? Ndinofambisa piyano.

Huff akadzungudza musoro wake zvinyadzi.

“Haunyare here jaya?” Nezwi rakadaro! Tinofanira kudzidza kuimba, uye kwete kuedza kufambisa piyano.

Ndakaseka hangu.

"Ndokumbirawo kubvunza, nemari ipi?" Hamuna mamirioni mumhuri yangu ...

Zvichakadaro, kondakita ane mukurumbira Sergei Koussevitzky akanga achangopedza kudzokorora neBoston Symphony Orchestra muGreat Hall uye, adikitira uye aine tauro pamapfudzi ake, akapinda muimba yake yokupfeka. VaHuff vakandibata bendekete ndokundisundira mukamuri raiva pedyo neraKoussevitzky. “Imba zvino! akadanidzira achiti. "Imba seusina kumboimba!" - "Uye chii kuimba?" “Chero chii, kurumidzai henyu!” Ndakaridza tsamwa ndokuimba...

Nguva shoma yapfuura, uye maestro Koussevitzky akapinda mukamuri yedu.

Inzwi iroro riripi? Inzwi rinoshamisa iroro? akadaro achindimhoresa zvakanaka. Akasvetukira ku piyano ndokutarisa mararamiro angu. Uye, achinditsvoda pamatama ose nenzira yokumabvazuva, maestro, pasina kuzengurira kwechipiri, akandikoka kuti nditore chikamu muBerkshire Music Festival, iyo yaiitwa gore negore muTanglewood, Massachusetts. Akapa gadziriro yangu yemutambo uyu kuvaimbi vechidiki vakanaka vakaita saLeonard Bernstein, Lukas Foss naBoris Goldovsky… "

Musi waNyamavhuvhu 7, 1942, muimbi wechidiki akaita dambarefu rake kuMutambo weTanglewood muchikamu chidiki cheFenton mune yaNicolai's comic opera The Merry Wives of Windsor. Panguva iyoyo, akanga atoita pasi pezita raMario Lanza, achitora zita raamai vake sezita rekunyepedzera.

Zuva rakatevera, kunyange New York Times yakanyora nechido: “Mumwe muimbi wechidiki ane makore makumi maviri, Mario Lanza, ane tarenda risingaenzaniswi, kunyange zvazvo izwi rake risina kukura uye unyanzvi. Chirevo chake chisingaenzaniswi hachina kufanana nevaimbi vese vemazuva ano. " Mamwe mapepanhau akazarirwawo nerumbidzo: "Kubva panguva yaCaruso hakuna kumbove nezwi rakadaro ...", "Chishamiso chitsva chezwi chawanikwa ...", "Lanza ndiye Caruso wechipiri ...", "Nyeredzi itsva yakazvarwa mukati nzvimbo yeopera!”

Lanza akadzokera kuPhiladelphia azere nemafungiro uye tariro. Zvisinei, chishamiso chakamumirira: kushevedzwa kubasa rechiuto muUnited States Air Force. Saka Lanza akabata makonti ake ekutanga panguva yebasa rake, pakati pevatyairi vendege. Wekupedzisira haana skimp pakuongorora tarenda rake: "Caruso of aeronautics", "Chechipiri Caruso"!

Mushure mekusunungurwa muna 1945, Lanza akaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake nemudzidzisi weItaly anozivikanwa E. Rosati. Iye zvino akatanga kufarira kuimba uye akatanga kunyatsogadzirira basa remuimbi weOpera.

Musi waChikunguru 8, 1947, Lanza akatanga kushingaira kutarisa maguta eU.SA neCanada neBel Canto Trio. Musi waChikunguru 1947, XNUMX, Chicago Tribune yakanyora kuti: “Mudiki Mario Lanza agadzira manyawi. Murume wechidiki ane mapendekete akafara achangobva kubvisa yunifomu yake yechiuto anoimba nekodzero isingarambiki, kubvira paakazvarwa achiimba. Tarenda rake richashongedza imba ipi neipi yeopera munyika.

Mangwana acho, Grand Park yakazadzwa ne76 vane shungu dzekuona nemeso avo nenzeve kuvepo kweinoyevedza tenor. Kunyange mamiriro okunze akaipa haana kuvatyisa. Zuva rakatevera racho, kuchinaya zvikuru, vateereri vanopfuura 125 vakaungana pano. Munyori wemumhanzi weChicago Tribune Claudia Cassidy akanyora kuti:

“Mario Lanza, wechidiki ane hunhu hwakakura, ane maziso akasviba, ane chipo chinonaka chezwi rechisikigo, raanoshandisa semusikirwo. Kunyange zvakadaro, ane nuances yakadaro zvokuti hazvibviri kudzidza. Anoziva chakavanzika chokupinda mumwoyo yevateereri. Iyo yakanyanya kuoma aria yeRadames inoitwa yekutanga-kirasi. Vateereri vakaomba nemufaro. Lanza akanyemwerera nemufaro. Zvaiita sokuti iye pachake akanga ashamiswa uye aifara kupfuura chero munhu upi zvake.

Mugore rimwe chete, muimbi akagamuchira kukokwa kuti aite paNew Orleans Opera House. Basa rekutanga raive chikamu chePinkerton mu "Chio-Chio-San" naG. Puccini. Izvi zvakateverwa nebasa raLa Traviata naG. Verdi naAndre Chenier naW. Giordano.

Mukurumbira wemuimbi uyu wakakura uye ukapararira. Sekureva kwemutambi wemuimbi Constantino Kallinikos, Lanza akapa makonti ake akanakisa muna 1951:

“Kana iwe ukaona uye ukanzwa zvakaitika mumaguta makumi maviri nemaviri eUS muna Kukadzi, Kurume naKubvumbi 22, saka waizonzwisisa kuti muimbi angapesvedzera sei veruzhinji. Ndaivepo! Ndazviona! Ndazvinzwa! Ndakakatyamadzwa nazvo! Ndaiwanzogumburwa, dzimwe nguva kunyadziswa, asi, chokwadika, zita rangu rakanga risiri Mario Lanza.

Lanza akazvikunda mumwedzi iyoyo. Murangariro wavose worwendo rwacho wakaratidzirwa nemagazini yakasimba ye<em>Time: “Kunyange Caruso akanga asingayemurwi zvakadaro uye haana kukurudzira kunamata kwakadai sekwakaparirwa naMario Lanza mukati mokushanya.”

Pandinoyeuka kushanya uku kweGreat Caruso, ndinoona mhomho yevanhu, muguta rimwe nerimwe vakasimbisa zvikwata zvemapurisa zvinorinda Mario Lanza, zvikasadaro angadai akapwanywa nevatsigiri vane hasha; kushanya kwepamutemo kusingapedzi uye mhemberero dzekugamuchira, misangano yevatori venhau isingapere inogara ichisemwa naLanza; ruzha rusingaperi rwakamupoteredza, kudongorera nepaburi rekiyi, kupindira kusina kukokwa muimba yemuimbi wake, kudiwa kwokupambadza nguva pashure pekonzati imwe neimwe ichimirira kuti mhomho ipararire; dzokera kuhotera pakati peusiku; kupaza mabhatani nekuba hengechepfu… Lanza yakadarika zvandaitarisira!”

Panguva iyoyo, Lanza akanga atogamuchira chipo chakachinja mararamiro ake ekugadzira. Panzvimbo pekuita basa semuimbi weopera, mukurumbira wemufirimu wemufirimu wakamumirira. Kambani huru yemafirimu munyika, Metro-Goldwyn-Meyer, yakasaina kondirakiti naMario yemafirimu akati wandei. Kunyangwe zvisiri zvese zvaive zvakapfava pakutanga. Mumufirimu wekutanga, Lanz akapfupikiswa nekuita kusagadzirira. Iyo monotony uye kusataurika kwemutambo wake kwakamanikidza vagadziri vemafirimu kutsiva mutambi, vachichengeta izwi raLanza kuseri kwezviitiko. Asi Mario haana kukanda mapfumo pasi. Mufananidzo unotevera, "The Darling weNew Orleans" (1951), unomuunza kubudirira.

Muimbi ane mukurumbira M. Magomayev anonyora mubhuku rake nezveLanz:

"Chirongwa chetepi itsva, iyo yakagamuchira zita rekupedzisira" New Orleans Darling ", yakanga ine leitmotif yakafanana ne "Midnight Kiss". Mufirimu rekutanga, Lanza akaita basa remutakuri akazova "muchinda wechikamu cheopera." Uye mune yechipiri, iye, mubati wehove, zvakare anoshanduka kuita opera premiere.

Asi pakupedzisira, hazvisi zverangano. Lanza akazviratidza seakasarudzika mutambi. Chokwadika, zvakaitika kare zvinorangarirwa. Mario akatorwa moyowo neiyo script, iyo yakakwanisa kutumbuka mutsara wehupenyu husina hutsinye hwegamba rine ruzivo rwakanaka. Firimu racho rakanga rakazadzwa nokusiyana kwemirangariro, uko kwakanga kune nzvimbo yemashoko anobaya mwoyo, mutambo unodzorwa, uye kusetsa kunopenya.

"The Favorite of New Orleans" yakapa nyika nhamba dzinoshamisa dzemimhanzi: zvimedu zvemitambo, zverudo uye nziyo dzakagadzirwa pamavhesi aSammy Kahn nemunyori Nicholas Brodsky, uyo, sezvatakambotaura, aive pedyo neLanz: nhaurirano yavo. zvakaitika patambo imwe yemoyo. Hunhu, mazwi akapfava, kutaura kunotyisa… Izvi ndizvo zvakavabatanidza, uye pamusoro pezvose, hwaive hunhu uhwu hwakaratidzwa murwiyo rukuru rwefirimu "Iva mudiwa wangu!", iyo, yandinoda kutaura, yakava hit of nguva dzose.

Mune ramangwana, mafirimu nekutora chikamu kwaMario anotevera imwe mushure meimwe: The Great Caruso (1952), Nekuti Iwe Uri Wangu (1956), Serenade (1958), Makomo Manomwe eRome (1959). Chinhu chikuru chakakwezva zviuru zvevaoni mumafirimu aya kwaive "kuimba kwemashiripiti" kwaLanz.

Mumafirimu ake achangoburwa, muimbi anowedzera kuimba nziyo dzechiItaly. Vanovawo hwaro hwezvirongwa zvake zvekonzati uye zvakarekodhwa.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, muimbi anokudziridza chido chekuzvipira zvizere kune chikuva, unyanzvi hwezwi. Lanza akaita kuedza kwakadaro pakutanga kwe1959. Muimbi anobva kuU.SA uye anogara muRoma. Maiwe, hope dzaLanz hadzina kurongerwa kuti dziitike. Akafira muchipatara musi waOctober 7, 1959, mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunyatsotsanangurwa.