Nhoroondo yeBassoon

Bassoon - chiridzwa chemhepo chinoridzwa chebass, tenor uye chikamu chealto register, chakagadzirwa nemuti wemepu. Zvinotendwa kuti zita rechiridzwa ichi rinobva pashoko rechiItalian rokuti fagotto, rinoreva "pfundo, bundle, bundle." Uye, chokwadi, kana chishandiso chikaparadzaniswa, ipapo chimwe chinhu chakafanana nesvinga rehuni chinobuda. Kureba kwese kwebassoon ndeye 2,5 metres, nepo iyo ye contrabassoon iri 5 metres. Chishandiso chinorema anenge 3 kg.

Kuberekwa kwechiridzwa chitsva chemimhanzi

Hazvizivikanwe kuti ndiani akagadzira bassoon kutanga, asi Italy muzana ramakore rechi 17 inoonekwa senzvimbo yekuzvarwa yechiridzwa. Muvambi wayo anonzi yekare bombarda - chiridzwa chebass chemhuri yetsanga. Iyo bassoon yakasiyana nebhombarda mukugadzira, pombi yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvakawanda, semugumisiro wekuti chiridzwa chakava nyore kugadzira nekutakura. Inzwi rakachinjawo kuti rive nani, pakutanga bassoon yainzi dulcian, zvinoreva kuti "nyoro, inotapira". Yakanga yakareba, yakakotama chubhu pane iyo valve system iripo. Bassoon yekutanga yaive yakashongedzerwa nemavharuvhu matatu. Gare gare muzana remakore rechi18 kwaiva nevashanu vavo. Chiridzwa chacho chairema makirogiramu matatu. Ukuru hwepombi yakazaruka inopfuura mamita maviri nehafu pakureba. Iyo counterbassoon ine zvakatowanda - anenge mashanu metres.

Tool kunatsiridza

Pakutanga, chiridzwa ichi chaishandiswa kukudza, dub bass manzwi. Chete kubva muzana remakore rechi17, anotanga kuita basa rakazvimirira. Panguva ino, vanyori vekuItaly Biagio Marini, Dario Castello nevamwe vanomunyorera sonatas. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi19, Jean-Nicole Savarre akaunza nyika yemimhanzi kune bassoon, iyo yakanga ine mavharuvhu gumi nerimwe. Mushure mechinguva, vatenzi vaviri kubva kuFrance: F. Treber naA. Buffet vakavandudza uye vakawedzera iyi sarudzo. Mupiro unokosha pakuvandudzwa kwebassoon wakaitwa nevatenzi veGermany Karl Almenreder naJohann Adam Haeckel. Ndivo avo, muna 1831 muBiebrich, vakatanga bhizinesi rekugadzira zviridzwa zvemhepo. Almenreder muna 1843 yakagadzira bassoon ine mavharuvhu gumi nemanomwe. Iyi modhi yakave hwaro hwekugadzirwa kwemabassoon nekambani yeHaeckel, yakave mutungamiri mukugadzirwa kwezviridzwa izvi. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, bassoons neAustrian neFrench masters aive akajairika. Kubva pakuzvarwa kusvika nhasi, kune marudzi matatu emabassoon: quartbassoon, bassoon, contrabassoon. Mazuva ano symphony orchestras achiri kuramba achishandisa counterbassoon mumitambo yavo.

Nzvimbo yebassoon munhoroondo

MuGermany muzana remakore rechi18, chiridzwa chacho chakanga chiri pakakwirira pakuzivikanwa. Manzwi eBassoon mumakwaya echechi aisimbisa ruzha rweizwi. Mumabasa emunyori weGermany Reinhard Kaiser, chiridzwa chinogamuchira zvikamu zvaro sechikamu cheimba ye opera. Bassoon yakashandiswa mubasa ravo nevanyori Georg Philipp Telemann, Jan Dismas Zelekan. Icho chiridzwa chakagamuchira zvikamu zvega mumabasa aFJ Haydn naVA Mozart, iyo bassoon repertoire inonyanya kunzwika muConcerto muB-dur, yakanyorwa naMozart muna 1774. Iye ari oga mumabasa aI. Stravinsky "The Firebird", "The Rite of Spring", naA. Bizet mu "Carmen", naP. Tchaikovsky muFourth and Sixth Symphonies, mumakonzati aAntonio Vivaldi, muchiitiko naFarlaf paM. Glinka muRuslan naLyudmila. Michael Rabinauitz muimbi wejazz, mumwe wevashoma vakatanga kuita bassoon mumakonzati ake.

Iye zvino chiridzwa chinogona kunzwika pamakontikiti e symphony uye mabhendi endarira. Mukuwedzera, anogona solo kana kutamba mune ensemble.