Classical gitare: chiridzwa kuumbwa, nhoroondo, mhando, nzira yekusarudza uye tune

Kuti uve mweya wechero kambani, unoda classical gitare uye kugona kuiridza. Kusvikira muzana remakore rapfuura, chiridzwa ichi hachina kutariswa zvakanyanya muRussia. Uye nhasi, mumiriri wemhuri yakadzurwa tambo anoonekwa sechiridzwa chinonyanya kufarirwa pamwe chete neacoustics.

Tool Features

Misiyano pakati peacoustics uye classics ari ese ari mukugadzira maficha uye muchimiro. Yokutanga inonyanya kukodzera dombo uye roll, nyika uye jazz, yechipiri - yerudo, ballads, flamenco.

Iyo classical gitare inosiyaniswa kubva kune mamwe marudzi neayo maitiro:

• iwe unogona kuisiyanisa nenhamba yefrets, pane classics pane gumi nemaviri, uye kwete gumi nemana, semamwe marudzi;
• mutsipa wakafara;
• zviyero zvakakura;
• kuwedzera kwezwi chete nekuda kwekesi yehuni; pickups kana maikorofoni inoshandiswa pamitambo;
• nhamba yetambo ndeye 6, kazhinji inenge iri naironi, kabhoni kana simbi;
• fret mamaki ari padivi pefretboard, uye kwete mundege yayo.

Gitare rine tambo nhanhatu rinoshandiswa zvese kuita solo uye kuperekedza kana mu ensembles. Tekinoroji inoisiyanisa kubva mumhanzi wepop. Muimbi anowanzotamba neminwe yake, kwete neplectrum.

patani

Izvo zvikamu zvikuru muviri, mutsipa, tambo. Chimiro uye saizi yechiridzwa yakaramba isina kushanduka kubva mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, apo mugadziri wegitare wekuSpain Antonio Torres akagadzira yemhando yepamusoro ine tambo nhanhatu, pasi pemapuranga uye epamusoro mabhodhi ekurira, akabatana nemabhomba. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chine maitiro aro akasiyana.

Chassis

Pasi nepamusoro dheki dzakafanana muchimiro. Nokuda kwekugadzirwa kwepasi, violin maple, cypress kana mamwe marudzi ematanda anoshandiswa, nokuda kwepamusoro - spruce kana misidhari. Bhodhi ukobvu kubva 2,5 kusvika 4 mm. Iyo dhizaini yepamusoro inotarisira sonority yechiridzwa. Bhokisi rezwi rakatenderera rine dhayamita ye8,5 cm rakachekwa mukati maro, chibatiso chekumira chine nut chinoiswa. Chigadziko chine maburi matanhatu ekubatanidza tambo. Kuti udzivise deformation yemuviri panguva yekunetsana, chirongwa chezvitubu chakagadzirwa nemapuranga slats chakaiswa mukati, asi hapana tsvimbo yeanchor. Uyu mutsauko wakakura pakati peclassical uye acoustic gitare.

Griffin

Inosungirirwa kune hull ine keel, iyo inonziwo "chitsitsinho". Iyo yakafara yefretboard yegitare yekare ndeye 6 cm, kureba ndeye 60-70 cm. Nekugadzira, misidhari kana mamwe marudzi ematanda ane chimiro chakasimba anoshandiswa. Kudivi reshure, mutsipa une chimiro chakakomberedzwa, nzvimbo yekushanda yakadzikama, yakafukidzwa nepamusoro. Mutsipa unopera nemusoro, unowedzera zvishoma, uchitsamira kumashure. Gitare rekirasi rinosiyana kubva kune acoustic gitare pakureba kwemutsipa, mune yekupedzisira ipfupi ne6-7 cm.

Strings

Kuiswa kwetambo kwakakodzera uye kureba kwakakosha kune ruzha rwakajeka. Kuiisa yakadzikira kunokonzeresa kugwedeka, uku kuiisa yakakwira zvakanyanya kunokonzeresa kusagadzikana kune muiti. Kureba kunotsanangurwa ne1st uye 12th frets. Nharaunda pakati pefretboard uye tambo pane classical gitare inofanira kunge inotevera:

Iwe unogona kuyera chinhambwe uchishandisa mutongi wenguva dzose. Zvikonzero zvekuchinja kwehurefu zvinogona kunge zvakaderera zvakanyanya kana zvakakwirira nut, mutsipa kutsauka. Kuita nhamba kunoshandiswa kutumidza tambo dzegitare. Mutete ndiye wekutanga, wepamusoro mukobvu ndiye wechi1. Kazhinji, ese ari naironi - uyu mumwe mutsauko pakati pechinyakare uye acoustic gitare.

Nyaya

Chiridzwa ichi chakapararira muSpain muzana ramakore rechi 13, ndokusaka chichinziwo gitare reSpain. Kusvika muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX-XNUMX, kwaive nemhando dzakasiyana dzekesi dzine nhamba dzakasiyana dzetambo.

Tenzi Antonio Torres akaita mupiro mukuru mukuzivikanwa kwechiridzwa chine tambo nhanhatu. Akaedza chigadzirwa chacho kwenguva yakareba, akashandura chimiro, akaedza kuita kuti denga repamusoro rive rakatetepa sezvinobvira kuitira kuti riwane ruzha rwepamusoro. Neruoko rwake rwakareruka, gitare rakagamuchira zita rekuti "classical", rakajairwa kuvaka uye kutarisa.

Bhuku rekutanga reMutambo, iro rakaunza hurongwa hwekudzidza kutamba, rakanyorwa nemunyori wekuSpain Gaspar Sanz. Muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, piyano yakatsiva gitare.

MuRussia, kusvika muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, pakanga pasina kufarira kukuru muchiridzwa chine tambo nhanhatu. Kuridza gitare kwakakwezva pfungwa dzevagari venyika yedu, nekuda kwemuimbi Giuseppe Sarti. Akagara muRussia kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri, akashumira mudare Catherine II uye Paul I.

Wekutanga akakurumbira Russian gitare munhoroondo aiva Nikolai Makarov. Mumwe murume akasiya basa rechiuto, asiya basa, akatanga kufarira gitare uye akaridza maawa 10-12 pazuva. Awana kubudirira kukuru, akatanga kuita makonti uye akaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake muVienna. Makarov akaronga makwikwi ekutanga gitare muBrussels muna 1856.

Mushure mekuchinja, kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwechiridzwa chakatanga, chakaverengerwa mudzidzo yezvikoro zvemimhanzi, varairidzi vakaonekwa. Gitare rekirasi rakava chiridzwa chemabhadhi, ane nziyo dze "tambo-nhanhatu" dzakadzokororwa mumayadhi.

Mhando

Pasinei nemimwe mwero, kune marudzi akasiyana emagitare echinyakare:

• veneered - mienzaniso isingadhuri yakakodzera kutanga kudzidziswa, yakagadzirwa neplywood;
• akabatanidzwa - madhishi chete anogadzirwa nematanda akaoma, makungu anoramba ari veneered;
• yakagadzirwa nemapuranga ematanda akaoma - chiridzwa chehunyanzvi chine ruzha rwakanaka.

Chero mhando inogona kutaridzika yakanaka, saka veneered yakanyatsokodzera kune vanotanga. Asi nokuda kwebasa rekonzati zviri nani kusarudza imwe yesarudzo mbiri dzekupedzisira.

Ungasarudza sei classical gitare

Vatangi vekutanga havafanire kutarisisa kutaridzika kwechiridzwa chete, asiwo kune zvinyengeri izvo zvisingazove nyore kuziva ipapo:

• Muviri unofanirwa kunge usina hurema, machipisi, makatsemuka.
• Mutsipa wakakombama kana kuti arched chiratidzo che deformation uye yakaderera mhando, gitare rakadaro harigone kuridza.
• Kana ichitenderera, nzira dzembambo hadzifanirwe jam, dzinotendeuka zvakanaka pasina crunch.
• Kunyatsoenderana kurongeka kwemasill.

Iwe unofanirwa kusarudza chishandiso, uchipihwa saizi. Iyo yakajairwa modhi yevakuru ndeye 4/4. Kureba kweiyo classical gitare inenge 100 centimita, uremu hunodarika 3 kg. Izvo hazvigoneke kuti mwana mudiki atambe pairi, saka, mamodheru anokurudzirwa kufunga nezvekukura uye zera akagadzirwa:

• 1 - yevana kubva pamakore mashanu;
• 3/4 - rudzi urwu runokodzera vadzidzi vepuraimari;
• 7/8 - inoshandiswa nevadzidzi vekusekondari uye vanhu vane maoko maduku.

Paunosarudza, unofanirwa kuterera kune timbre uye inzwi. Naizvozvo, zviri nani kutora munhu kuchitoro uyo anogona kuridza chiridzwa uye kuridza rwiyo pachiri. Ruzha rwakanaka ndiyo kiyi yesarudzo yakanaka.

Maitiro ekuridza gitare rekirasi

Muzvitoro zvakakosha, kugadzirisa kunoitwa panguva yekutenga. Iyo "Spanish" tuning yegitare rine tambo-6 ndeye ebgdAD, apo vara rega rega rinoenderana nenhevedzano yetambo kubva pane imwe kusvika matanhatu.

Nheyo yekugadzirisa ndeyekudzosa kuunza tambo imwe neimwe kune yakakodzera ruzha pane yechishanu fret. Dzinofanira kunzwika pamwe chete neyokutanga. Kuti tune, shandura mapegi, kusimudza inzwi, kana kuderedza, kuderedza.

Zviri nani kuti anotanga kugona chiridzwa agere pachigaro, achitsiva chitsigiro pasi pegumbo rekuruboshwe. Itsika kuridza gitare remhando yekurwa kana kunhonga, uchishandisa chords. Chimiro chinoenderana nebasa.

"Classic" ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo kune anotanga. Tambo dzenaironi dziri nyore kutora pane tambo dzesimbi pane acoustic. Asi, sezvimwe chero chishandiso, iwe unofanirwa kukwanisa kuzvitarisira. Kunyanya kunyorova kana kuoma kwemhepo kunotungamirira pakuoma kunze kwemuviri, uye tambo dzinofanira kugara dzichicheneswa kubva kune guruva uye tsvina. Kunyatsochengeta gitare rako kuchabatsira kuti rirambe rakasimba uye richinzwika rakachena.