Baritone: tsananguro chiridzwa, zvinoita sei, kuumbwa, nhoroondo

Muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX-XNUMX, zviridzwa zvetambo zvakakotama zvaive zvakakurumbira muEurope. Iri raiva zuva rekutamba viola. Muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, kutarisisa kwenharaunda yemimhanzi kwakakwezvwa nebaritone, nhengo yemhuri yetambo, inoyeuchidza cello. Zita rechipiri rechiridzwa ichi ndiViola di Bordone. Kubatsira pakuzivikanwa kwayo kwakaitwa nemuchinda weHungary Esterhazy. Raibhurari yemimhanzi yakazadzikiswa nezvakasiyana zvisikwa zvakanyorerwa chiridzwa ichi naHaydn.

Tsanangudzo yechishandiso

Kunze, baritone inoratidzika se cello. Iine chimiro chakafanana, mutsipa, tambo, inogadzirirwa panguva yeKutamba nekusimbisa pasi pakati pemakumbo emuimbi. Musiyano mukuru ndiko kuvapo kwetambo dzetsitsi. Ivo vari pasi pemutsipa, vanoshandiswa kusimudzira ruzha rwevakanyanya. Inzwi rinobudiswa neuta. Nekuda kwekurongeka kwakamira, maitiro ekutamba ane mashoma. Tambo dzinonzwira tsitsi dzinonakidzwa nechigunwe cheruoko rwerudyi.

Mudziyo baritone

Chiridzwa chemimhanzi chine chimiro chakafanana kune viola. Muviri wakaita ovha nebhokisi rakazaruka rekuburitsa inzwi rine "chiuno" chekubvisa uta. Nhamba yetambo huru ndeye 7, isingawanzo 6 inoshandiswa. Nhamba yetambo dzetsitsi dzinosiyana kubva pa9 kusvika ku24. Makomba eresonator anorongwa nenzira yenyoka. Mutsipa uye musoro wakafara pane izvo zvezviridzwa zvine hukama. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nenhamba huru yetambo, nokuda kwekukakavadzana kwayo iyo mitsetse miviri yevhavha ine mutoro.

Iyo timbre ye baritone ine muto, yakafanana netsanangudzo yezwi. Mumabhuku emimhanzi, inonyorwa mubass clef. Rudzi rwakakura nekuda kwenhamba huru yetambo. Yaiwanzo shandiswa mukuita orchestral, mumabasa aHaydn yaiwanzova neayo ega ine alternating rhythm kubva nekukurumidza kuenda kunonoke. Iyo orchestra yaisanganisirawo vamwe vamiriri vemhuri yakakotama - cello uye viola.

History

Iyo baritone yakave yakakurumbira pakati pezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Yakasimudzirwa nemukuru weHungary Esterhazy. Padare panguva iyi, Joseph Haydn akashanda sebhendi uye munyori. Akanyora mitambo yevaimbi vedare. Iro dzinza raitonga rakateerera zvakanyanya kukudziridzwa kwetsika, mimhanzi yakanzwika mumuzinda uye mupaki zvivako, mifananidzo yakaratidzwa muhoro.

Apo chiridzwa chitsva chebaritone chakaonekwa, Esterhazy aida kushamisa nyika nezvidimbu zvakaisvonaka uye unyanzvi hwokuridza. Muimbi wedare akakwanisa kugadzira akati wandei ehunyanzvi umo iyo baritone inosanganisa zvinoshamisa ne cello uye viola, inosiyanisa kurira kwetambo dzakadzurwa netambo dzeuta.

Asi haana kutora nguva yakareba achikwezva pfungwa dzevaimbi. Mabhuku echiridzwa ichi mashoma, haakoshi. Kuoma kweMutambo, kugadzirisa kwetambo dzakawanda, uye nzira isina kujairika yakakonzera kukanganwa kweiyi "hama" yemavioro. Nguva yokupedzisira kunzwika kwake kwekonzati kwakanga kuri muEisenstadt muna 1775. Asi chishuvo chomuchinda weHungary chakanga chiri sundo yokunyora mabasa e<em>baritone, iyo yakapfuura zvikuru ganhuriro dzehoro dzeimba yake youmambo.