Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov |
Yuri Temirkanov
Akazvarwa musi waDecember 10, 1938 muNalchik. Baba vake, Temirkanov Khatu Sagidovich, akanga ari mukuru weDhipatimendi reArt of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Republic, aiva shamwari nemunyori Sergei Prokofiev, akashanda panguva yekusunungurwa muna 1941 muNalchik. Chikamu cheboka remukurumbira weMoscow Art Theatre chakabviswawo pano, pakati pavo paiva Nemirovich-Danchenko, Kachalov, Moskvin, Knipper-Chekhova, uyo airidza muguta remitambo. Mamiriro ezvinhu ababa vake uye mhepo yemitambo yakava danho rekukwira kune muimbi wemangwana mukujairana netsika dzepamusoro.
Vadzidzisi vokutanga vaYuri Temirkanov vaiva Valery Fedorovich Dashkov uye Truvor Karlovich Sheybler. Wekupedzisira mudzidzi weGlazunov, akapedza kudzidza kuPetrograd Conservatory, munyori wenziyo uye folklorist, akabatsira zvikuru mukuwedzera kweYuri's artic horizons. Temirkanov paakapedza chikoro, zvakasarudzwa kuti zvaizova zvakanaka kuti aenderere mberi nezvidzidzo zvake muguta riri muNeva. Saka muNalchik, Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov akafanotemerwa nzira inoenda kuLeningrad, guta rakamuumba semuimbi uye munhu.
Muna 1953, Yuri Temirkanov akapinda muSecondary Special Music School paLeningrad Conservatory, mukirasi yeviolin yaMikhail Mikhailovich Belyakov.
Ndapedza chikoro, Temirkanov akadzidza ari Leningrad Conservatory (1957-1962). Kudzidza mukirasi yeviola, iyo yaitungamirirwa naGrigory Isaevich Ginzburg, Yuri panguva imwe chete akapinda makirasi ekuitisa Ilya Aleksandrovich Musin naNikolai Semenovich Rabinovich. Yekutanga yakamuratidza hunyanzvi hwakaoma hwehunyanzvi hwe conductor, yechipiri yakamudzidzisa kubata basa rekondakita nekusimbisa zvakakomba. Izvi zvakaita kuti Y. Temirkanov aenderere mberi nedzidzo yake.
Kubva 1962 kusvika 1968, Temirkanov aivazve mudzidzi, uye ipapo akapedza kudzidza dhipatimendi kuitisa. Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza muna 1965 kubva mukirasi ye opera uye symphony conducting, akaita debut yake paLeningrad Maly Opera uye Ballet Theatre mumutambo "La Traviata" naG. Verdi. Pakati pemamwe akanyanya kukosha kondakita mabasa mumakore iwayo aive Donizetti's Love Potion (1968), Gershwin's Porgy naBess (1972).
Muna 1966, Temirkanov ane makore makumi maviri nemasere akahwina mubairo wekutanga pamakwikwi eII All-Union Conducting muMoscow. Pakarepo mushure memakwikwi, akaenda kuAmerica naK. Kondrashin, D. Oistrakh uye Moscow Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra.
Kubva 1968 kusvika 1976 Yuri Temirkanov akatungamira Academic Symphony Orchestra yeLeningrad Philharmonic. Kubva 1976 kusvika 1988 aive mutungamiriri wehunyanzvi uye mukuru conductor weKirov (yava kunzi Mariinsky) Opera neBallet Theatre. Pasi peutungamiriri hwake, nhandare yemitambo yakaita mitambo yakadai se "War and Peace" naS. Prokofiev (1977), "Dead Souls" naR. Shchedrin (1978), "Peter I" (1975), "Pushkin" (1979) uye Mayakovsky Anotanga naA. Petrov (1983), Eugene Onegin (1982) uye The Queen of Spades naPI Tchaikovsky (1984), Boris Godunov naMP Mussorgsky (1986), izvo zvakava zviitiko zvakakosha muhupenyu hwemimhanzi yenyika uye yakamaka. nemibairo yepamusoro. Vanoda mimhanzi kwete veLeningrad chete, asiwo vemamwe maguta mazhinji vakashuvira kusvika kune izvi zviitwa!
Mutungamiriri wezvenyanzvi weBolshoi Drama Theatre GA Tovstonogov, mushure mekuteerera "Eugene Onegin" muKirovsky, akati kuna Temirkanov: "Zvakanaka sei mukupedzisira iwe unopfura mugumo waOnegin ..." (Mushure memashoko "O, nhamo yangu!")
Neboka remitambo, Temirkanov akaenderera mberi achishanyira nyika dzakawanda dzeEurope, kekutanga munhoroondo yeboka rakakurumbira - kuEngland, uyewo kuJapan neU.SA. Akanga ari wekutanga kuunza symphony concerts ne orchestra yeKirov Theatre mukuita. Y. Temirkanov akabudirira kuita pamatanho akawanda eopera ane mukurumbira.
Muna 1988, Yuri Temirkanov akasarudzwa mutungamiriri mukuru uye unyanzvi mutungamiriri weHonored Collective yeRussia - Academic Symphony Orchestra yeSt. Petersburg Philharmonic yakatumidzwa zita raDD Shostakovich. “Ndinodada kuva elective conductor. Kana ndisingakanganisi, ino inguva yekutanga munhoroondo yetsika dzemimhanzi kuti boka pacharo rakasarudza kuti ndiani anofanira kutungamira. Kusvika iye zvino, makondakita ese akagadzwa "kubva kumusoro," anodaro Yuri Temirkanov nezvesarudzo yake.
Ipapo ndipo apo Temirkanov akagadzira imwe yenheyo dzake dzinokosha: “Haugoni kuita kuti vaimbi vatevedzeri vezvido zvemumwe munhu mapofu. Kutora chikamu chete, kuziva chete kuti isu tese tiri kuita chinhu chimwe chete pamwe chete, kunogona kupa mhedzisiro inodiwa. Uye haana kumirira kwenguva refu. Pasi pehutungamiriri hwaYu.Kh. Temirkanov, chiremera uye mukurumbira weSt. Petersburg Philharmonic yakawedzera zvinoshamisa. Muna 1996 yakaonekwa seyakanakisa konzati sangano muRussia.
Yuri Temirkanov akaita neakawanda epasirese symphony orchestras: iyo Philadelphia Orchestra, iyo Concertgebouw (Amsterdam), Cleveland, Chicago, New York, San Francisco, Santa Cecilia, Philharmonic Orchestras: Berlin, Vienna, nezvimwe.
Kubva 1979, Y. Temirkanov ave ari mukuru wevaenzi conductor wePhiladelphia neLondon Royal Orchestras, uye kubvira 1992 akatungamirira iyo yekupedzisira. Ipapo Yuri Temirkanov aiva Principal Guest Conductor of Dresden Philharmonic Orchestra (kubvira 1994), Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra (kubvira 1998). Mushure mekupemberera makore makumi maviri ekubatana kwake neLondon Royal Orchestra, akasiya chinzvimbo chemukuru wayo conductor, achichengeta zita reHonorary Conductor weiyi ensemble.
Mushure mezviitiko zvemauto muAfghanistan, Y. Temirkanov akava mutyairi wekutanga weRussia kushanya kuUnited States paakakokwa neNew York Philharmonic, uye muna 1996 muRoma akaita konzati yejubheri mukukudza makore makumi mashanu eUN. Muna Ndira 50, Yuri Temirkanov akava Principal Conductor uye Artistic Director weBaltimore Symphony Orchestra (USA).
Yuri Temirkanov ndomumwe wevakuru vakuru vezana remakore rechi60. Ayambuka chikumbaridzo chekuzvarwa kwake rechishanu, maestro ari pakakwirira pemukurumbira, mukurumbira uye kuzivikanwa pasirese. Anofadza vateereri nehunhu hwake hwakajeka, kutsunga kwakasimba, kudzika uye chiyero chekuita mazano. “Uyu ndiye kondakita anovanza manyawi neshungu. Mabatiro ake anowanzova asingatarisirwi, asi anodzorwa nguva dzose, uye nzira yake yekuveza, kuumba ruzha nezvigunwe zvake zvine mutsindo anoita orchestra huru kubva mumazana evaimbi” (“Eslain Pirene”). "Azere nerunako, Temirkanov anoshanda neochestra iyo hupenyu hwake, basa rake, uye mufananidzo wake zvakabatana ..." ("La Stampa").
Maitiro ekugadzira Temirkanov ndeyekutanga uye anosiyaniswa nekujeka kwayo kujekesa. Ane hanya nekusiyana kwezvitaera zvevanyori veakasiyana eras uye nehuchenjeri, akafuridzirwa kududzira mimhanzi yavo. Hunyanzvi hwake hunosiyaniswa nehunyanzvi hwekuita kondakita, zvichienderana nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwechinangwa chemunyori. Basa raYuri Temirkanov mukusimudzirwa kweRussia classical uye mimhanzi yemazuva ano inonyanya kukosha muRussia uye kune dzimwe nyika dzepasi.
Iko kugona kwemaestro kumisa nyore kusangana nechero boka remimhanzi uye kuwana mhinduro yeakanyanya kuoma kuita mabasa anoyemurika.
Yuri Temirkanov akanyora nhamba huru yeCD. Muna 1988, akasaina chibvumirano chega neBMG rekodhi rekodhi. Iyo yakakura discography inosanganisira kurekodha neAcademic Symphony Orchestra yeLeningrad Philharmonic, neLondon Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, neNew York Philharmonic…
Muna 1990, pamwe chete neColumbia Artists, Temirkanov akanyora Gala Concert yakatsaurirwa kumakore 150 ekuzvarwa kwaPI Tchaikovsky, umo soloists Yo-Yo Ma, I. Perlman, J. Norman vakatora chikamu.
Zvinyorwa zvemimhanzi yaS. Prokofiev yefirimu "Alexander Nevsky" (1996) uye D. Shostakovich's Symphony No. 7 (1998) vakasarudzwa kuti vawane Mubayiro weSgatt.
Yuri Temirkanov anopa nerupo hunyanzvi hwake nevarairidzi vechidiki. Ndiye purofesa paSt. Petersburg Conservatory yakatumidzwa zita reNA Rimsky-Korsakov, purofesa anoremekedzwa pazvikoro zvakawanda zvekunze, kusanganisira nhengo inoremekedzwa yeU.S. International Academy yeScience, Indasitiri, Dzidzo uye Art. Anogara achipa master makirasi kuCurtis Institute (Philadelphia), uye kuManhattan School of Music (New York), kuAcademia Chighana (Siena, Italy).
Yu.Kh. Temirkanov - People's Artist yeUSSR (1981), People's Artist yeRSFSR (1976), People's Artist yeKabardino-Balkarian ASSR (1973), Anoremekedzwa Artist weRSFSR (1971), akahwina kaviri USSR State Prize (1976). , 1985), akahwina mubairo weHurumende weRSFSR akatumidzwa zita reMI Glinka (1971). Akapiwa maOrder aLenin (1983), "For Merit to the Fatherland" III dhigirii (1998), Bulgarian Order yaCyril naMethodius (1998).
Nechimiro chebasa rake, Temirkanov anofanira kutaurirana nevanhu vanoshamisa uye vakajeka, vakatanhamara vepamba uye vekune dzimwe nyika tsika nehunyanzvi. Aidada uye aidada noushamwari hwake naI. Menuhin, B. Pokrovsky, P. Kogan, A. Schnittke, G. Kremer, R. Nureyev, M. Plisetskaya, R. Shchedrin, I. Brodsky, V. Tretyakov, M. Rostropovich , S. Ozawa nevamwe vaimbi vakawanda uye vaimbi.
Anogara uye anoshanda muSt.
