Triplets, quintuplets, uye mamwe asina kujairika noti kukosha

Neimwe nzira isu tatotaura kuti nerubatsiro rwenguva huru, munyori haagari achibudirira mukurekodha rhythm yaanoda. Naizvozvo, kune akasiyana rhythmic anomalies (ngatizvidaidze izvozvo) uye nzira dze rhythm deformation. Uye nhasi tinokukoka iwe kuti uzive mitsva, nguva dzisina kujairika - katatu, quartoles, quintoles, etc. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga kutanga.

Mhando dze rhythmic division

Mumhanzi, pane misimboti miviri yekukamura mutinhi wenguva yenoti uye kumbomira: kunyangwe (hwaro) uye isinganzwisisike (kupokana). Ngatinyatsoongororai.

KUNYANGE (kana BASIC) DIVISION -iyi musimboti wakadaro maererano neinozotevera diki noti mukufamba kwenguva inoumbwa nekukamura chinyorwa chose nenhamba 2 mune rimwe simba remasvomhu (kureva, mu2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 , 512 kana 1024 zvikamu).

Iwe unoziva nguva yezvinyorwa-nhamba zvakanaka. Aya ndiwo hafu, kota, yechisere manotsi akave ajaira kwauri, kana izvo zvidiki kwavari - gumi nematanhatu, makumi matatu nechipiri, nezvimwe.

ODD (kana ARBITRARY) DIVISION - iyi ndiyo musimboti maererano neiyo yakazara kana imwe imwe chinyorwa inogona kukamurwa kuita chero nhamba yezvikamu: mutatu, shanu, pfumbamwe kana gumi nematanhatu, gumi nepfumbamwe kana makumi maviri nembiri, nezvimwe.

“Kupatsanura chinyorwa muzvikamu makumi maviri nezviviri? Hm! Zvinoita sezvisingaite, "ungafunga. Nekudaro, isu tinokuvimbisa iwe kuti kune yakakura nhamba yemienzaniso yekukamura kwakadaro mumimhanzi. Semuenzaniso, munyori akakurumbira wechiPolish Fryderyk Chopin aifarira zvikuru kuunza "zvinhu" zvakadaro muzvidimbu zvake zvepiyano. Pano isu tichavhura yake yekutanga nocturne (ona chidimbu chemumhanzi notation pazasi). Uye chii chatinoona? Pamutsara wekutanga kune boka rezvinyorwa 22, pane yechipiri - ye 11. Uye yakawanda mienzaniso yakadaro inogona kuwanikwa kwete muChopin chete, asiwo mune vamwe vanyori vakawanda.

Rhythmic manhamba e odd division

Zvechokwadi, "bumbiro remimhanzi" rinokubvumira kugovera chinyorwa muzvikamu gumi nemapfumbamwe, uye mumakumi maviri nemasere, uye makumi matatu neshanu, asi zvakadaro kune "tsika" zvakare. Kune "zvisizvo" rhythmic manhamba, ayo pakati pemamwe ese akajairika, mamwe mazita akapihwa kwavari, uye isu tichaaongorora izvozvi. Saka, zvinhu zvose zvakarongeka.

TRIOLS - ivo vanoumbwa nekuparadzanisa imwe nguva kwete muzvikamu zviviri, asi mutatu. Semuenzaniso, chikamu chechina chinogona kugoverwa kwete muzvikamu zviviri zvesere, asi kuva zvitatu, uye ivo, zvechokwadi, vachakurumidza kuenzanisa kunyange masere masere. Saizvozvo, hafu yenoti inogona kukamurwa kuita matatu kota manotsi panzvimbo maviri, uye noti yakazara kuita matatu hafu manotsi.

Matatu matatu, sekutonga, anounganidzwa muzvikamu zvitatu muboka rimwe pasi pemucheto mumwe ("denga"). Nhamba yechitatu inoiswa pamusoro kana pasi, iyo inoratidza nzira yakafanana yekuparadzanisa. Manotsi egumi nematanhatu ematatu akadhirowewa zvakare. Uye nguva dzakakura, kureva, kota nehafu, iyo isingambobatanidzwi nemicheto, inobatanidzwawo muzvikamu zvitatu, chete nerubatsiro rwebhokisi rekwereti. Uye nhamba yechitatu munyaya iyi zvakare inosungirwa hunhu.

QUINTOLI - nguva idzi dzinoitika kana chinyorwa chakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvishanu panzvimbo yechina. Semuenzaniso, kota inogona kupatsanurwa kuita mana gumi nematanhatu manotsi, asi zvinoitika kuti inogona zvakare kukamurwa kuita mashanu. Kufanana - nehafu: inogona kukamurwa kuva mana masere, kana kuva mashanu esere quintoles. Uye iyo nguva yese inogona kukamurwa, zvichiteerana, muzvikamu zvishanu panzvimbo yechina.

CHINOKOSHA! Nheyo yekunyoreswa kwezvinyorwa zvese zvekupatsanura zvisinganzwisisike ndeyepasi rose. Manotsi akabatana muboka rinoshandisa mipendero anongoiswa nhamba yaidiwa pamusoro kana pazasi (quintoles - nhamba shanu).

Kana manotsi akarekodhwa akaparadzana ega ega (makota, hafu kana masere masere, asi aine miswe), ipapo boka rinofanirwa kuratidzwa nebhokisi resikweya nenhamba.

Triplets uye quintuplets yehurefu husingawanzo shandiswa kazhinji. Unonzwisisa here musimboti wekuparadzanisa? Zvakanakisa! Ngatinyorei dzimwe nyaya dzinosangana nevaimbi zvishoma nguva zhinji.

SEXTOL – kupatsanura chinyorwa kuita zvikamu zvitanhatu panzvimbo yechina. Muchokwadi, sextol inogona kuumbwa nekuwedzera maviri matatu matatu. Semuenzaniso, kupatsanura chikamu muzvikamu zvitanhatu zvegumi nematanhatu panzvimbo yechina.

SEPTOL – kupatsanurwa kwenoti kuita zvikamu zvinomwe panzvimbo pezvisere kana kuti zvina. Muchiitiko chekutanga, izvi zvichave zvishoma zvishoma zvishoma, uye mune yechipiri, pane zvinopesana, ivo vachakurumidza.

НОВЕМОЛЬ – kupatsanura chinyorwa kuita zvikamu zvipfumbamwe panzvimbo pezvisere. Muenzaniso: kupatsanura hafu-urefu kuita manotsi mapfumbamwe egumi nematanhatu pane masere.

DECIMOL – kupatsanura nguva kuita zvikamu gumi pachinzvimbo chesere. Ngatitii sere masere anowanzo kukwana mune yakazara noti, asi iwe unogona zvakare kukwana gumi, ipapo ivo vanozove nekukasira kupfuura zvakajairika.

Kupatsanura chinyorwa chine dot muzvikamu zviviri uye zvina

Mhosva dzinofadza dze “zvisina kururama” kupatsanurwa kwenguva dzinomuka kana uchipatsanura manotsi nedoti, ayo anonyanya kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvakaenzana, kuita zvikamu zviviri kana zvina. Mune mamwe mazwi: izvo zvinofanirwa kukamurwa zviri nyore kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvakakamurwa kuita zviviri kana zvina, zvichikonzerawo rhythmic anomalies. Mhosva dzakadaro dzinosanganisira:

DOUBLE - anowanikwa kana chinyorwa chine doti chakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri. Somuenzaniso, chikamu chimwe muzvina chine doti chinokamurwa zviri nyore kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvezvisere, asi avo vasiri kutsvaga nzira dziri nyore vanochipatsanura kuita maviri.

Duols, hongu, inonzwika zvakanyanya kukweverwa, inorema kupfuura yakajairwa yechisere manotsi. Zvitongere iwe pachako: kota ine dot, zvishoma, inotora sekondi imwe nehafu. Kana iwe usinganzwisise ikozvino nei ndataura masekondi pano zvachose, saka ndapota verenga zvinyorwa "Zviratidzo zvinowedzera nguva yezvinyorwa". Takataura nezvazvo ipapo.

Saka, kota ine doti isekondi imwe nehafu, yechisere yakajairika ihafu yesekondi, uye zvine musoro kugovera chikamu chinosiririsa ichi kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvesere, asi isu tinopatsanura nembiri. Uye isu tinowana kuti chesere chega chega chakawedzerwa, chinotora zvikamu zvitatu zvesekondi (1,5/2 = 0,75 s).

Saizvozvo, hafu ine dot inogona kukamurwa kwete muzvikamu zvitatu zvakajairika, asi kuita maviri makuru. Kureva kuti, hafu yedu ine dot masekonzi matatu, makota akajairwa ari 3 sekondi imwe neimwe, asi isu tine imwe nehafu (1/3 u2d 1,5 s).

QUARTOLIS - idzi kunyange nguva dzine hupenzi hwakaoma kuona kufamba dzinouya kwatiri apo chinyorwa chine dot chakakamurwa zvakare kwete muzvikamu zvitatu, asi zvina. Semuyenzaniso, ine dotted quarter note inopatsanurwa kuita mana echisere manotsi pachinzvimbo chetatu, kana ine dotted half note inokamurwa kuita mana mana manotsi. Quartoli inoridzwa nekukurumidza, nyore kupfuura yenguva dzose sere uye kota.

Rhythmic Exercises ane Triplets uye Quintoles

Zvose zvine chokuita nemimhanzi zvinofanira kudzidzwa kwete nepfungwa chete, asiwo nenzeve, kureva mumhanzi. Ndicho chikonzero nei isu tichiedza kukupa iwe kwete chete yakaoma theoretical zvinhu, asiwo angangoita akareruka maekisesaizi kuitira kuti iwe haugone kungodzidza nezve triplets, asi zvakare teerera kuti inonzwika sei.

EXERCISE No. 1 «TRIOLI». Masere-notsi matatu anowanzo kuwanikwa mumimhanzi. Muchiitwa chakarongwa pachave nenguva dzakasiyana, isu tichazununguka zvishoma nezvishoma. Muchiyero chekutanga pachava nekota - yunifomu inorova yekuputika, ipapo yakajairika, kunyange masere masere ichaenderera mberi, uye muyero yechitatu - katatu. Unozovaziva neboka ravo rehunhu uye nenhamba yetatu mumuenzaniso wemimhanzi. Teerera kuodhiyo yekurekodha yemuenzaniso uye edza kubata mutsauko uripo pakati peiyi rhythms.

Dzidzira rhythms yenguva dzakasiyana zvakasiyana. Iwe unogona kunge wakanzwa mhando dzakasiyana dzekufamba nenzeve. Wakanzwa here kuti matriplets anopuruzira sei? Vanonzwa zvakajeka kurova se "imwe-mbiri-vatatu, imwe-mbiri-vatatu", nezvimwewo, chinyorwa chekutanga chetatu chinowedzera kushanda, chakasimba kudarika maviri anotevera. Edza kubata iyi rhythm, unofanirwa kurangarira manzwiro.

Chimwe chiitwa chakafanana chine melodic pateni yakasiyana.

EXERCISE №2 "KUTEERERA TO BEETHOVEN". Chimwe chezvimedu zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvemimhanzi yemhando yepamusoro munyika ndeyeBeethoven's Moonlight Sonata. Zvinoitika kuti chikamu chayo chekutanga chakanyatsozadzwa nekufamba kwematatu. Tinokukumbira kuti uteerere chidimbu chekutanga kwechikamu chekutanga uye kutevera rhythm yechidimbu nemanotsi.

Ndiko kuzunguzika kwakadzikama kwevatatu mumhanzi waBeethoven izvo zvese zvinonyengedza uye zvinogadzira mamiriro ekufunga.

EXERCISE №3 "KUTEERERA KUTI TARANTELLA". Asi katatu anogona kurira zvakasiyana zvachose pane muenzaniso yapfuura. Semuenzaniso, kune yakadaro yeItaly folk dance - tarantella. Nechisikigo, iye anofambisa zvikuru, anotya zvishoma uye anopisa zvikuru. Uye kugadzira hunhu hwakadaro, kukurumidza kufamba mumatatu katatu kunounzwa.

Semuenzaniso, tichakuratidza iyo yakakurumbira "Tarantella" naFranz Liszt kubva kutenderera "Makore eKudzungaira". Dingindira rayo guru rakavakirwa pakufamba kwakajeka katatu. Zvichakurumidza kukurumidza, ramba wakatarisa!

EXERCISE #4 "QUINTOLI". Zvinogona kuve zvakaoma kuisa zvidiki zvishanu muchikamu chimwe chenguva, muchikamu chimwe chete kamwechete. Zvakaoma, asi zvinoda kudzidzwa. Mumuenzaniso uri pasi apa, pachava negumi nematanhatu-quintoles, iyo inowanikwa nekuparadzanisa chikamu chechina muzvikamu zvishanu. Kutanga, nyangwe kota dzinopihwa, uyezve rhythmic sequences neshanu.

Nenzira, mune zvinyorwa zvemimhanzi zvemuenzaniso uyu, wakasangana nezviratidzo zvekupinza, flat uye bekar. Wakanganwa kuti chii? Kana wakanganwa, unogona kudzokorora HERE.

EXERCISE №5 "Subtext". Isu tinoziva kuti zvakaoma kugona rhythm yequintoles ipapo. Mumwe munhu anokundikana kuva nenguva yekutamba manotsi mashanu munguva yakatarwa, kune mumwe munhu quintuplets inoshanduka kuva yakakombama - isina kuenzana munguva. Kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu, tinokupa iwe chiitwa chine subtext.

Chii chinonzi subtext? Apa ndipo panosarudzwa mazwi nezvirevo zvine mutinhimira wakafanana pamimhanzi. Uye ipapo rhythm yemashoko, iyo inofanirwa kuimbwa kana kutaurirwa zvinonzwika, inobatsira kugona rhythm yemimhanzi.

Ngatitorei nhamba dzakafanana dzequintoles sezviri mubasa riri pamusoro, uye sarudza mazwi akakodzera kwavari. Pano iwe unogona kufunga nezvechinhu chipi nechipi, chinhu chikuru ndechokuti shoko kana mutsara une zvinyorwa zvishanu chete, uye syllable yekutanga inosimbiswa. Somuenzaniso, kutaura kwakadaro kwakakodzera kwatiri: denga rine bhuruu, zuva rakajeka, gungwa rinodziya, zhizha rinopisa.

Toedza here? Ngatitorei zvishoma zvishoma. Noti imwe neimwe ine syllable imwe.

Kushanda kunze? Hukuru! Apa ndipo patichamira izvozvi. Mukuburitswa kunotevera, uchaenderera mberi nenhaurirano yemativi akasiyana emutinhimira wemimhanzi. Kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo pamusoro pemusoro wechinyorwa ichi, nyora iwo mumhinduro.

Vadiwa shamwari, pakupedzisira, tinokukoka iwe kuti uteerere kune imwe mimhanzi yakanaka: piano Tarantella naSergei Prokofiev kubva kuMutambo weVana Mumhanzi. Edza kubata incendiary rhythms yematatu mairi zvakare.