Nzira yekusarudza bagpipe

The bagpipe chiridzwa chechinyakare chakavhuvhuta chevanhu vazhinji vekuEurope. MuScotland ndicho chiridzwa chikuru chenyika. Ibhegi, rinowanzo gadzirwa kubva padehwe remombe (naizvozvo zita), mhuru kana dehwe rembudzi, rinobviswa zvachose, muchimiro chedehwe rewaini, rakasonwa zvakasimba uye rakashongedzerwa nechubhu pamusoro pekuzadza. mbava nemhepo, ine imwe, mbiri kana nhatu inoridza tsanga machubhu akabatanidzwa kubva pazasi, anoshanda kugadzira polyphony.

Muchikamu chino, nyanzvi dzechitoro "Mudzidzi" dzichakuudza sei kusarudza bagpipes kuti unoda, uye kwete overpay panguva imwe chete.

Bagpipe mudziyo

1. Bagpipe tsanga
2. Bhegi
3. Mhepo inobuda
4. Bass chubhu
5, 6. Tenor tsanga

shamhu

Chero kutaridzika kwebhegi, inoshandisa chete marudzi maviri etsanga . Ngatitarisei pamhando mbiri idzi:

1. Maonero ekutanga- nzimbe imwe chete, iyo inogonawo kunzi nzimbe-inocheka kana rurimi rumwechete. Mienzaniso yemabhegi ane rutsanga rumwe: Swedish sakpipa, Belarusian duda, Bulgarian guide. Munzimbe uyu wakaumbwa sehumburumbira yakavharwa kune rumwe rutivi. Padivi petsanga pane rurimi kana, sezvainodanwawo nenyanzvi, chinhu chinonzwika. Rurimi runogona kuitwa rwakaparadzana netsanga robva rwasungirirwa kwariri. Dzimwe nguva rurimi rutivi rwechiridzwa chose uye ichidimbu chechinhu chakaparadzaniswa netsanga pachayo. Paunenge uchiridza bagpipe, tsanga yacho inodedera, nokudaro ichigadzira kurira kwemanzwi. Aya ndiwo magadzirirwo anoita ruzha. Iko hakuna chinhu chimwe chete chinogadzirwa netsvimbo imwe chete. Inogona kuva - tsanga, tsanga, plastiki, ndarira, ndarira uye kunyange mukuru uye bamboo. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakadaro zvakaita kuti pave nenzimbe dzakasanganiswa. Semuenzaniso, muviri wetsvimbo unogona kugadzirwa neshenjere, nepo rurimi runogona kunge rwepurasitiki. Matanho ega ari nyore kugadzira. Kana zvichidiwa, vanogona kugadzirwa kumba. Mabhegi ane chubhu yakadaro anosiyaniswa nerunyararo uye munyoro ruzha. Manotsi ekumusoro ane ruzha kupfuura epasi.
   

   Swedish sakpipa

2. chepiri maonero- tsvimbo yakabatanidzwa, iyo inogonawo kuva kaviri kana kaviri-bladed. Mienzaniso yemabhegi ane tsanga mbiri: gaita gallega, GHB, pombi diki, uillean pombi. Kubva pazita racho pacharo zviri pachena kuti nzimbe yakadaro inofanira kuva nezvikamu zviviri. Chokwadi, ndiro mbiri dzetsanga dzakasungwa pamwechete. Aya mahwendefa anoiswa papini uye anorodzwa neimwe nzira. Iko hakuna maparamendi akajeka echimiro chemitsipa kana nzira yaanorodzwa nayo. Aya maitiro anosiyana zvichienderana neshe uye rudzi rwebagpipe. Kana mitsara imwe chete inogona kugadzirwa kubva muhuwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu, saka mapeji akabatanidzwa anowedzera capricious panyaya iyi. Yakaganhurirwa seti yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa kwavari: Arundo Donax tsanga uye mamwe marudzi emapurasitiki. Dzimwe nguva mhunga yemutsvairo inoshandiswawo. Mumudonzvo wakabatanidzwa, kufamba kwe oscillatory kunoitwa ne "sponges" yenzimbe pachayo, inofamba nekuda kwemhepo inopfuura pakati pavo. Mabhegi ane tsanga mbiri anorira kupfuura nhokwe dzetsanga imwechete.

Gaita gallega

danda chinhu chakapfava zvikuru. Inofanira kurangarirwa kuti muti mumwe nomumwe unopa mimwe mithunzi kune inzwi. Izvi, hongu, zvakanaka, asi pane zvimwe zvinokanganisa. The chokwadi ndeyekuti muti unoda kunyatsobata uye kutarisirwa nguva dzose kubva kumuimbi. Ramba uchifunga kuti sezvo pasina vanhu vaviri vakafanana, hapana zvishandiso zviviri zvakanyatsofanana. Kunyange zviridzwa zviviri zvakafanana zvakagadzirwa nemuti mumwe chete zvinonzwika zvakasiyana zvishoma. Huni, sechinhu chero chipi zvacho chechisikigo, haina kusimba. Inogona kutsemuka, kuputika, kana kukotama.

Mapepa epurasitiki  hazvidi kungwarira kuchengetwa kwakadaro. Zviridzwa zvepurasitiki zvinogona kufanana, ndosaka plastiki ichinyanya kushandiswa nebagpipe orchestras kuitira kuti zviridzwa zvinzwike zvakafanana uye zvisamire kubva mumhando yemimhanzi. Nekudaro, hapana kana imwe yepurasitiki bagpipe inogona kufananidzwa muhupfumi hwehuzha shades nechiridzwa chakagadzirwa nematanda akanaka.

bhegi

Parizvino, zvinhu zvose izvo mabhegi anogadzirwa zvinogona kugoverwa mukati dzinongoitika uye synthetic . Synthetic: leatherette, rubber, banner jira, gore-tex. Kubatsira kwemabhegi akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvekugadzira ndezvekuti haapindi mhepo uye haadi kuwedzera kutarisirwa. A hombe kukanganisa kwe synthetics (kunze kwemucheka weGortex membrane) ndeyekuti mabhegi akadaro haaregi kunyorova kunze. Izvi zvine mhedzisiro yakaipa patsanga uye zvikamu zvehuni zvechiridzwa. Mabhegi akadaro anofanira kuomeswa mushure memutambo. Mabhegi eGortex anonyimwa izvi zvisingabatsiri. Iyo jira yebhegi inochengeta zvakakwana kudzvanywa, asi inoregedza mhute yemvura kunze.

Zvinhu zvakasikwa masaga anogadzirwa nedehwe remhuka kana dundira. Mabhegi akadaro, mumaonero evazhinji mapaipi, anokubvumira kuti unzwe zviridzwa zviri nani, asi panguva imwechete, mabhegi aya anoda kumwe kutarisirwa. Semuenzaniso, impregnation nemakomisheni akakosha kuchengetedza kusimba uye kudzivirira kuoma kweganda. Zvakare, masaga aya anoda kuomeswa mushure memutambo.

Iye zvino, zvakasanganiswa mabhegi maviri (Gortex mukati, dehwe kunze) akaonekwa pamusika. Aya mabhegi anosanganisa zvakanakira mabhegi ekugadzira uye echisikigo, akasununguka kubva kune zvimwe zvipingamupinyi, uye haadi kutarisirwa kwakakosha. Nehurombo, mabhegi akadaro akajairika kusvika zvino chete kune Great Scottish bagpipe.

Saizi yebhegi rebhegi inogona kuva yakapetwa kaviri - ingave yakakura kana diki. Saka, yeItaly bagpipe zampogna ine hombe hombe, uye dundira pombi ine diki. Zviyero zvebhegi zvakanyanya zvinoenderana natenzi. Munhu wese anozviita nekufunga kwake. Kunyangwe kune imwe yakasiyana-siyana yemabhegi, bhegi rinogona kusiyana. Kunze kweiyo Scottish bagpipe, iyo saizi yebhegi yakamisikidzwa. Iwe unogona kusarudza bhegi diki, repakati kana rakakura zvichienderana nehurefu hwako uye kuvaka. Zvisinei, haisi nguva dzose data yemuviri inogona kuita basa rinokosha pakusarudza saizi yebhegi. Kusarudza "yako" bhegi, unofanirwa kuridza chiridzwa, "edza" icho. Kana chiridzwa chikasaita kuti unzwe kusagadzikana, ndiko kuti, iwe hausi kuzembera parutivi, maoko ako akasununguka, ipapo iwe. wawana bagpipe yako .

Mhando dzemabhegi

Great Scottish bagpipe (Great Highland Bagpipes, Piob-mhor)

Iyo yeScottish bagpipe ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye inonyanya kufarirwa nhasi. Iine matatu bourdons (bass uye maviri tenor), chanter ine 8 maburi ekutamba (9 manotsi) uye chubhu yekufuridza mweya. Iyo sisitimu inobva kuSI bimol, asi nemimhanzi notation, iyo Highland system inosarudzwa seA main (kuitira nyore kutamba nezvimwe zviridzwa muAmerica, vakatotanga kugadzira shanduro dzemabhegi aya muA). Ruzha rwechiridzwa chine ruzha rwakanyanya. Inoshandiswa mumabhendi emauto eScotland "Pipe Bands"

Great Scottish bagpipe

Irish bagpipe (Uillean Pipes)

Chimiro chemazuva ano cheIrish bagpipe chakazopedzisira chaumbwa kusvika pakupera kwezana ramakore regumi nemasere. Iyi ndiyo imwe yemabhegi yakaoma kwazvo mune zvese. Iine kaviri ketsanga kaviri ine a dungwerungwe maviri octaves. Kana pane mavharuvhu pane chanter (5 zvidimbu) - yakazara chromaticity. Mhepo inomanikidzwa kupinda mubhegi nedatya (inobuda Practice set: bhegi, chanter uye frog).
Matatu eUilleann Pipes drones anoisirwa mune imwe yekudonhedza muunganidzi uye anonatswa mune octave hama kune mumwe nemumwe. Kana yakabatidzwa nevharuvhu yakakosha (kiyi yekumisa), inopa ruzha rwakanyanya rwakakora rwakapfuma mune mamwe mazwi. Stop kiyi (switch) yakanakira kudzima kana kubatidza drones panguva chaiyo mumutambo. Seti yakadaro inonzi Halfset.
Kune mamwe maburi maviri muunganidzi pamusoro pema drones, ayo muHalf set anowanzo kuvharirwa nemapulagi. Tenor uye baritone regulators anoiswa mukati mavo. Iyo bass control inokwidziridzwa padivi peiyo manifold uye ine yayo yekudonha.
Vatongi vane huwandu hwe13 - 14 valves, iyo inowanzovharwa. Dzinorira chete kana mutambi adzidzvanya paanenge achitamba nemupendero weoni fret kana minwe muSlow air. Iwo anodzora anotaridzika senge drones, asi iwo chaiwo matatu akagadziridzwa chanters ane conical drilling uye kaviri chanter rutsanga. Iyo yese yekushandisa musangano inonzi Fullset.
Uilleannpipes yakasarudzika pakuti muimbi anogona kuburitsa manzwi manomwe kubva mairi panguva imwe chete. Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo, mazhinji-chikamu uye aristocracy, ine kodzero yekudaidzwa kuti korona yekubudirira kweiyo bagpipe pfungwa.

Irish bagpipe

ChiGalician gaita (Galician Gaita)

MuGalicia, kune marudzi mana emabhegi. Asi Gaita Gaita (Gaita Gallega) akagamuchira mukurumbira mukuru, kunyanya nekuda kweunhu hwayo hwemimhanzi. Imwe nehafu octave dungwerungwe (shanduko kuenda kune yechipiri pasi pasi inoitwa nekuwedzera kudzvanywa pabhegi) uye iyo inenge yakazara chromaticity yechanter, yakasanganiswa neinonzwika uye melodic. bhero repasuo yechiridzwa ichi, yakaita kuti ive imwe yemabhegi anofarirwa nevaimbi pasi rese.
Chiridzwa chacho chakapararira muzana remakore rechi15 nerechi16, ipapo kufarira kwacho kwakapera, uye muzana remakore rechi19 kwakamutsidzirwa zvakare. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 pakanga pane kumwe kuderera kusvikira 1970.
Iko kugunzva kwechiridzwa kunoyeuchidza zvakanyanya rekodhi, pamwe neminwe yeRenaissance uye zviridzwa zvepakati (shawl, krumhorn). Kune zvakare chekare (semi-yakavharwa) chigunwe chinonzi "pechado", muchinjiko pakati pemazuva ano Gaita Gallega uye Gaita Asturiana zvigunwe. Iye zvino haichashandiswi.

Kune matatu makuru marudzi eGaita bagpipes muGalicia:

1. Tumbal gaita (Roucadora)
   Iyo yakakura gaita uye yakaderera mukati bhero repasuo , iyo B flat tuning, iyo chanter tuning inotarirwa nekuvhara maburi ese emunwe kunze kweyepasi pechigunwe.
   Kune ma drones maviri - octave uye yechishanu.
2. Gaita Normal (Redonda)
   Iyi ibhegi yepakati uye inonyanya kuzivikanwa. Kazhinji kazhinji ine bass octave drone, isingawanzo drones maviri ( ari yechipiri tenor inogara iri mune octave kana inotonga).
   Kune zviitiko neina drones bass, baritone, tenor, sopranino.
   Vaka.
3. Gaita Grileira (Grillera)
   Idiki, yakanakisa uye yepamusoro mukati bhero repasuo (yagara iine bass drone imwe neimwe octave). Vaka Re.

Galician gaita

Belarusian Duda

Duda chiridzwa chetsanga yemhepo. Ibhegi redehwe rine kachubhu kadiki "nipple" yekuzadza nemhepo nemachubhu akawanda ekutamba ane beep ane rurimi rumwe rwakagadzirwa netsanga kana hanzi (turkey) minhenga. Pakutamba, dudar inopinza bhegi, inoidzvanya negokora reruoko rweruboshwe, mhepo inopinda mumachubhu uye inoita kuti ndimi dzidengenyeke. Inzwi rakasimba uye rinopinza. Duda yave ichizivikanwa muBelarus kubva muzana ramakore rechi 16.

Belarusian Duda

Nzira yekusarudza bagpipe