Nhoroondo Bhora

Tuba - chiridzwa chechidiki chekuimba kubva kune akati wandei endarira mhepo zviridzwa uye yakaderera mukunyoresa pakati perudzi rwayo. Chiridzwa chitsva chakagadzirwa muGermany nemhizha W. Wiepricht naK. Moritz. Yekutanga tuba yakagadzirwa muna 1835 mumusangano wemimhanzi uye wezviridzwa weMoritz. Zvisinei, iyo nzira yevhavha yakasikwa zvisiri izvo, semugumisiro, iyo timbre pakutanga yakanga yakaoma, yakaoma uye yakaipa. Yekutanga tubas yakashandiswa chete mu "bindu" uye mauto orchestras. Imwe nyanzvi huru yezviridzwa, Adolphe Sax, akakwanisa kuvandudza, kuita kuti ive nzira yatinoziva nayo nhasi, ichipa hupenyu chaihwo hweorchestra mushure mekunge chiridzwa chauya kuFrance. Mushure mekusarudza chiyero chaidzo chezvikero uye nekuverengera nemazvo urefu hunodiwa hwekoramu yekurira, tenzi akawana sonority yakanakisa. Tuba ndicho chaive chiridzwa chekupedzisira, nekuuya kwacho kuumbwa kweiyo symphony orchestra kwakapedzisira kuumbwa. Iyo yakatangira tuba yaiva yekare ophicleide, iyo yakazova mutsivi kune chikuru bass chiridzwa - nyoka. Iyo tuba yakatanga kuoneka sechikamu cheiyo symphony orchestra muna 1843 pamutambo wekutanga weWagner's The Flying Dutchman.

Tube mudziyo

Iyo tuba chishandiso chikuru chehukuru hunokatyamadza. Kureba kwechubhu yayo yemhangura inosvika 6 metres, iyo yakareba nguva mbiri kupfuura chubhu ye tenor trombone. Chiridzwa chakagadzirirwa kunzwika kwakaderera. Iyo chubhu ine mavharuvhu mana. Kana vatatu vokutanga vachidzikisa inzwi nezwi, 4 toni uye 0,5 toni, ipapo gedhi rechina rinoderedza rejista nechechina. Yekupedzisira, 1,5th valve inonzi quarter valve, inomanikidzwa nemunwe muduku wemuiti, inoshandiswa zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvimwe zviridzwa zvinewo vharuvhu yechishanu inoshandiswa kugadzirisa nzwi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti tuba yakagamuchira 4th valve muna 5, uye muna 1880 yakagamuchira imwe yechitanhatu, iyo inonzi "transposing" kana "kururamisa" valve. Nhasi, "kururamisa" valve ndeyechishanu, hapana chechitanhatu zvachose.

Matambudziko ekutamba tuba

Paunenge uchitamba tuba, kushandiswa kwemhepo kwakanyanya kwazvo. Dzimwe nguva mutambi we tuba anofanirwa kushandura mweya wake pane dzinenge noti dzese. Izvi zvinotsanangura mapfupi uye asingawanzo tuba solos. Kuiridza kunoda kugara uchidzidzira zvizere. MaTubists anotarisisa kufema kwakaringana uye kuita marudzi ese ezviitwa zvekuvandudza mapapu. Panguva yemutambo, inobatwa pamberi pako, bhera kumusoro. Nekuda kwehukuru hukuru, chiridzwa chinoonekwa sechisina basa, chisina kunaka. Nekudaro, kugona kwayo kwehunyanzvi hakuna kuipa kupfuura zvimwe zviridzwa zvendarira. Pasinei nematambudziko ose, tuba chimbo chakakosha muochestra, yakapiwa rejista yakaderera. Anowanzo tamba basa rebass.

Tuba uye zvemazuva ano

Inotsanangurwa sechiridzwa che orchestral uye ensemble. Ichokwadi, vaimbi vemazuva ano uye vanyori vari kuedza kumutsiridza mukurumbira wavo wekare, kuwana zvitsva uye mikana yakavanzwa. Zvikurukuru kwaari, zvidimbu zvekonzati zvakanyorwa, izvo kusvikira zvino zvave zviri zvishomanene zvikuru. Mune symphony orchestra, tuba imwe inowanzoshandiswa. Tubas mbiri dzinogona kuwanikwa mundarira, inoshandiswawo mu jazz uye pop orchestras. Iyo tuba chiridzwa chakaomesesa chemimhanzi chinoda hunyanzvi chaihwo uye ruzivo rwakakura pakuridza. Vatambi vetuba vakatanhamara vanosanganisira American Arnold Jacobs, tenzi wemumhanzi wechinyakare William Bell, muimbi wekuRussia, muimbi, conductor Vladislav Blazhevich, mutambi ane mukurumbira wejazz nemimhanzi yekirasi, John Fletcher Chikoro cheMumhanzi purofesa nevamwe.