Angelica Catalani (Angelica Catalani) |

Angelica Catalan

Catalani zvechokwadi chiitiko chinoshamisa munyika yevocal art. Paolo Scudo akadana muimbi wecoloratura kuti "chishamiso chechisikigo" nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwake hwehunyanzvi. Angelica Catalani akaberekwa muna Chivabvu 10, 1780 mutaundi reItaly reGubbio, mudunhu reUmbria. Baba vake Antonio Catalani, murume aishamisika, vaizivikanwa semutongi wedunhu uye seyekutanga bass yechapel yeSenigallo Cathedral.

Nechekare achiri mudiki, Angelica aive nezwi rakanaka. Baba vake vakapa dzidzo yake kune kondakita Pietro Morandi. Ipapo, achiedza kuderedza dambudziko remhuri, akagovera musikana ane makore gumi namaviri okukura kumusha wemamongi weSanta Lucia. Kwemakore maviri, vatendi vakawanda vaiuya pano kuzongonzwa kuimba kwake.

Nguva pfupi adzokera kumba, musikana wacho akaenda kuFlorence kunodzidza nemuimbi akakurumbira wesopranist Luigi Marchesi. Marchesi, muteveri wechimiro chenzwi chinoshamisira nekunze, akaona zvakakodzera kugoverana nemudzidzi wake kunyanya unyanzvi hwake hunoshamisa mukuimba marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekushongedza kwenzwi, unyanzvi hwokugadzira. Angelica akazova mudzidzi anokwanisa, uye nokukurumidza muimbi ane chipo uye virtuoso akaberekwa.

Muna 1797, Catalani akaita chikwata chake paVenetian theatre "La Fenice" muS. Mayr's opera "Lodoiska". Vashanyi vepa Theatre vakabva vangoona izwi repamusoro, rinotyisa remuimbi mutsva. Uye nekupa runako rusingawanzo uye runako rwaAngelica, kubudirira kwake kunonzwisisika. Gore rinotevera anoimba muLivorno, kwapera gore anoimba paPergola Theatre muFlorence, uye anopedza gore rekupedzisira rezana ramakore muTrieste.

Zana idzva rinotanga zvakabudirira zvikuru - musi waNdira 21, 1801, Catalani anoimba kekutanga pachikuva cheLa Scala yakakurumbira. "Kupi kana kupi kwaionekwa muimbi wechidiki, kwese kwese vateereri vairumbidza unyanzvi hwake," anonyora VV Timokhin. - Chokwadi, kuimba kwemuimbi hakuna kuratidzwa nekunzwa kwakadzama, haana kumira pachena nekukasira kwemaitiro ake edariro, asi mumhanzi unofadza, unosimudzira, webravura aisaziva wakaenzana. Runako runoshamisa rweizwi reCatalani, iro raimbobaya mwoyo yevanopinda chechiwo zvavo, zvino, zvakasanganiswa nehunyanzvi hunoshamisa, zvakafadza vanoda kuimba opera.

Muna 1804, muimbi anoenda kuLisbon. Muguta guru rePortugal, anova soloist yemunharaunda yeItaly opera. ChiCatalani chiri kukurumidza kuita chinodiwa nevateereri veko.

Muna 1806, Angelica anopinda muchibvumirano chinobhadhara neLondon Opera. Ari munzira yekuenda ku "foggy Albion" anopa makonti akawanda muMadrid, uye anoimba muParis kwemwedzi inoverengeka.

Muhoro ye "National Academy of Music" kubva munaJune kusvika munaSeptember, Catalani akaratidza unyanzvi hwake mumapurogiramu matatu emakonti, uye nguva imwe neimwe paiva neimba yakazara. Kwainzi chete kuoneka kwePaganini mukuru ndiko kwaigona kuunza muuyo mumwe chetewo. Vatsoropodzi vakaororwa nokufara kukuru, kureruka kunoshamisa kwenzwi romuimbi.

Unyanzvi hweCatalani hwakakundawo Napoleon. Mutambi weItaly akadanwa kuTuileries, kwaakazoita hurukuro namambo. "Uri kuenda kupi?" sabhuku vakabvunza mutauriri wavo. "KuLondon, ishe wangu," akadaro Catalani. "Zviri nani kugara muParis, pano uchabhadharwa zvakanaka uye tarenda rako richayemurwa zvechokwadi. Iwe uchagamuchira zana rezviuru zvemafranc pagore nemwedzi miviri yezororo. Zvakasarudzwa; mofamba zvakanaka madam."

Zvisinei, Catalani akaramba akatendeka kuchibvumirano neLondon theatre. Akatiza kubva kuFrance nechikepe chakagadzirirwa kutakura vasungwa. Muna Zvita 1806, Catalani akaimba kekutanga kuLondoners muPortuguese opera Semiramide.

Mushure mekuvhara kwemwaka wemitambo muguta guru reEngland, muimbi, sekutonga, akatora nzendo dzemakonti mumatunhu eChirungu. “Zita rake, rakaziviswa pamapepa, rakakwevera mapoka avanhu kumaguta madukusa munyika,” zvapupu zvakaona zvinoratidzira kudaro.

Mushure mekudonha kwaNapoleon muna 1814, Catalani akadzokera kuFrance, ndokuzoenda kune yakakura uye yakabudirira rwendo rweGermany, Denmark, Sweden, Belgium neHolland.

Anonyanya kufarirwa pakati pevateereri aiva mabasa akadai se "Semiramide" nePortugal, kusiyana kweRode, arias kubva kumitambo "The Beautiful Miller's Woman" naGiovanni Paisiello, "Vatatu VaSultan" naVincenzo Puccita (muperekedzi weCatalani). Vateereri vekuEurope vakagamuchira zvakanaka maitiro ake mumabasa eCimarosa, Nicolini, Picchini naRossini.

Mushure mokudzokera kuParis, Catalani anova mutungamiriri weItaly Opera. Zvisinei, murume wake, Paul Valabregue, chaizvoizvo aikwanisa yemitambo. Akaedza pakutanga kuti ave nechokwadi chekubudirira kwebhizimisi. Saka kudzikiswa kwemutengo wemitambo yemitambo, pamwe nekudzikiswa kwakanyanya kwemitengo ye "zvidiki" hunhu hwekuimba kweopera, senge kwaya uye orchestra.

Muna May 1816, Catalani anodzokera pachikuva. Zviitwa zvake muMunich, Venice neNaples zvinotevera. Chete muna August 1817, adzokera Paris, iye kwenguva pfupi zvakare akava mukuru Italian Opera. Asi pasati papera gore, muna Kubvumbi 1818, Catalani akazosiya basa rake. Kwemakore gumi akatevera, aigara achitenderera kuEurope. Panguva iyoyo, Catalani aisawanzotora manotsi epamusoro aimbove akanaka, asi iyo yaimbova kuchinjika uye simba rezwi rake richiri kukwezva vateereri.

Muna 1823 Catalani akashanyira guta guru reRussia kekutanga. MuSt. Petersburg, akagamuchirwa noushamwari zvikuru. Musi waNdira 6, 1825, Catalani akabatanidzwa mukuvhurwa kwechivako chemazuva ano cheBolshoi Theatre muMoscow. Akaita chikamu cheErato mukutanga kwe "Mhemberero yeMuses", mimhanzi yakanyorwa nevanyori veRussia AN Verstovsky uye AA Alyabiev.

Muna 1826, Catalani akashanyira Italy, achiita muGenoa, Naples neRoma. Muna 1827 akashanyira Germany. Uye mwaka unotevera, mugore remakumi matatu ekuyeukwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuita, Catalani yakasarudza kubva pachikuva. Kuita kwekupedzisira kwemuimbi kwakaitika muna 1828 muDublin.

Gare gare, mumusha make muFlorence, munyori wemifananidzo akadzidzisa kuimba kuvasikana vaduku vakanga vachigadzirira basa remitambo. Iye zvino aiimba kune vaanozivana navo uye shamwari chete. Ivo vaisagona kuita kunze kwekurumbidza, uye kunyange pazera rinoremekedzwa, muimbi haana kurasikirwa nezvakawanda zvezvimiro zvinokosha zvenzwi rake. Tichitiza denda rekorera rakatanga muItaly, Catalani akamhanyira kuvana muParis. Zvisinei, zvinoshamisa, akafa nechirwere ichi June 12, 1849.

VV Timokhin akanyora kuti:

"Angelica Catalani ane kodzero yeavo maartist makuru anga ari kudada kwechikoro chekuItaly chemazwi mumazana maviri emakore apfuura. Tarenda isingawanzo, ndangariro dzakanakisa, kugona kukurumidza kukurumidza kudzika mitemo yekuimba hunyanzvi yakatemesa budiriro huru yemuimbi pamatanho eopera uye mumakonti emakonti munyika zhinji dzeEurope.

Runako rwechisikigo, simba, kureruka, kufamba kunoshamisa kwezwi, huwandu hwayo hwakatambanudzwa kusvika ku "munyu" wechitatu octave, hwakapa zvikonzero zvekutaura nezvemuimbi semuridzi weimwe yeakanyanya kurira midziyo. Catalani aive asina kuenzana virtuoso uye raive divi reunyanzvi hwake rakakunda mukurumbira wepasirese. Akashongedza marudzi ese ezvishongedzo zvenzwi nerupo rusina kujairika. Akakwanisa zvine hungwaru, semudiki wenguva yake, ane mukurumbira tenor Rubini nevamwe vaimbi vakatanhamara vekuItaly venguva iyoyo, misiyano pakati pesimba rine simba uye rinokwezva, nyoro mezza voce. Vateereri vakanyanya kushamiswa nekusununguka kunoshamisa, kuchena uye kumhanya kwaiitwa nemuimbi chromatic scales, kumusoro uye pasi, achiita trill pamasemitone ose.