Loudspeakers - kuvaka uye parameters

Iyo yakapfava inonzwika system ine zvinhu zviviri zvikuru, magudzanzwi uye maamplifiers. Muchinyorwa chiri pamusoro, iwe uchadzidza zvishoma nezve yekutanga uye nezvaunofanira kuterera kana uchitenga yedu nyowani odhiyo.

chivakwa

Imwe neimwe gudzanzwi ine imba, masipika uye crossover.

Imba, sezvamunoziva, inowanzozivikanwa seimba yevatauri. Iyo yakanyatsogadzirirwa kune chaiyo transducer, saka kana iwe uchizoda kutsiva vatauri nezvimwe kunze kweizvo zvakagadzirirwa imba, unofanirwa kufunga nezvekurasikirwa kwemhando yenzwi. Loudspeaker pachayo inogonawo kukuvadzwa panguva yekushanda nekuda kweiyo isina kufanira dzimba paramita.

Muchinjikwa weloudspeaker chinhu chakakoshawo. Basa remuchinjiko nderekukamura chiratidzo chinosvika pagudzanzwi kuita mabhendi akati wandei matete, rimwe nerimwe rawo rinoburitswa negudzanzwi rakakodzera. Sezvo vatauri vazhinji vasingakwanise kuburitsa huwandu hwakazara nemazvo, kushandisa crossover kunodiwa. Mamwe maspeaker crossovers anewo girobhu remwenje rinoshandiswa kuchengetedza tweeter kubva pakupisa.

Mhando dzemakoramu

Anonyanya kuzivikanwa marudzi matatu emakoramu:

• full range gudzanzwi

• setiraiti

• magudzanzwi ebhesi.

Rudzi rwegudzanzwi rwatinoda runotsamira zvikuru pakuti tichashandisa sei gudzanzwi redu.

Iyo bass column, sekureva kunoita zita, inoshandiswa kubereka yakaderera frequencies, nepo satellite ichishandiswa kuburitsa rimwe bhendi. Neiko kune kupatsanurwa kwakadaro? Chekutanga pane zvese, kuti urege "kutaya" ma satellite ane kuwanda kweiyo yakaderera frequencies. Muchiitiko ichi, crossover inoshanda inoshandiswa kugovera chiratidzo.

Iro full band loudspeaker, sezita rinoratidza, inoburitsa uwandu hwese hwebandwidth. Iyi mhinduro inonyanya kushanda pazviitiko zvidiki, kwatisingade yakakwira vhoriyamu uye yakawanda yakaderera frequencies. Koramu yakadaro inogonawo kushanda se satellite. Kazhinji zvichibva pane tweeter, midrange uye woofer (kazhinji 15 ”), kureva matatu-nzira dhizaini.

Kunewo nzira mbiri dzekuvaka, asi dzinowanzo kudhura (asi kwete nguva dzose), nokuti panzvimbo ye tweeter uye midrange mutyairi, tine mutyairi wechikuva.

Saka ndeupi musiyano pakati pemutyairi uye tweeter? Inogona kutamba mune yakakura siyana yemafrequency.

Iwo anonyanya kufarirwa ma tweeters ane crossover yakasarudzwa zvakanaka anogona kutamba kubva frequency ye 4000 Hz, nepo mutyairi anogona kutamba kubva kune yakaderera frequency, kunyangwe 1000 Hz mune yevatyairi vekirasi yepamusoro. Saka isu tine zvishoma zvinhu mucrossover uye zvirinani ruzha, asi isu hatifanirwe kushandisa mutyairi wepakati.

Kana isu tichitsvaga makoramu ezvidiki, zviitiko zvepedyo, tinogona kuedza kusarudza nzira nhatu dzekuvaka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iri zvakare mari yakaderera nekuti iyo yese inofambiswa neamwe simba amplifier uye isu hatidi crossover kuti tigovane bhendi sezvakaita setiraiti uye woofer, nekuti mutauri akadaro anowanzo ane akagadzirwa zvakanaka. yakavakirwa-mukati passive crossover.

Zvisinei, kana tikaronga kuwedzera midziyo mumatanho nechinangwa chekupa ruzha kune zviitiko zvikuru kana isu tichitsvaga seti yezviyero zviduku, tinofanira kutarisa ma satellites atinoda kusarudza mamwe woofers (bass). Nekudaro, iyi mhinduro inodhura, asi zvakare iri nani zvishoma, nekuti iyo yese inofambiswa neaviri kana anopfuura simba amplifiers (zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezwi) uye frequency kupatsanurwa pakati pesetiraiti nebass inokamurwa nemagetsi sefa, kana crossover.

Sei crossover iri nani pane yechinyakare passive crossover? Mafirita emagetsi anobvumira kutenuka kwemateru padanho re24 dB/oct uye nezvimwe, nepo kana iri nyaya yekuyambuka crossovers, isu tinowanzo kuwana 6, 12, 18 dB / oct. Izvi zvinorevei mukuita? Iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti mafirita haasi "demo" uye haana kunyatsocheka crossover frequency mucrossover. Iyo yakakura kutsetseka, zviri nani aya mafrequency "akachekwa", izvo zvinotipa zviri nani ruzha rwemhando uye inobvumira zvigadziriso zvidiki panguva imwe chete kuvandudza mutsara weiyo emited frequency renji.

A passive steep crossover inokonzeresa zvakawanda zvisingadiwe zviitiko uye kuwedzera kwemutengo wekoramu yekuvaka (inodhura yepamusoro-mhando coils uye capacitor), uye zvakare zvakaoma kuwana kubva kune tekinoroji maonero.

Column parameters

Iyo parameter set inotsanangura zvimiro zvekoramu. Tinofanira kutanga kuvateerera kana tichitenga. Hazvina maturo kutaura, simba haisi iyo inonyanya kukosha parameter. Chigadzirwa chakanaka chinofanira kunge chakanyatso tsanangura maparamendi pamwe chete nemayero chaiwo.

Pazasi pane seti yeyakajairwa data inofanirwa kuwanikwa mukutsanangurwa kwechigadzirwa:

• Libra

• Sinusoidal / Nominal / RMS / AES (AES = RMS) simba rinoratidzwa muWatts [W]

• Kunyatsogona, kana Kunyatsogona, SPL (inopiwa nechiyero chakakodzera chekuyera, semuenzaniso 1W / 1M) inoratidzirwa mumadecibels [dB]

• Frequency mhinduro, inoratidzirwa mu hertz [Hz], yakapihwa kune chaiyo madonhwe e frequency (eg -3 dB, -10dB).

Tichambozorora pano. Kazhinji, mune tsananguro dzehurombo hwemhando yegudzanzwi, mugadziri anopa frequency mhinduro ye20-20000 Hz. Kunze kweiyo frequency renji iyo nzeve yemunhu inopindura, hongu, 20 Hz ndeye yakaderera frequency. Izvo hazvigoneke kuwana mumatanho emidziyo, kunyanya semi-nyanzvi. Avhareji bass speaker inotamba kubva pa40 Hz ine kudzikira kwe -3db. Iyo yakakwirira yekirasi yemidziyo, iyo yakaderera frequency yemutauri ichave.

• Impedance, inoratidzwa neohms (kazhinji 4 kana 8 ohms)

• Vatauri vakashandiswa (kureva kuti vatauri vakashandiswa mukoramu)

• Kushandisa, chinangwa chikuru chemidziyo

Summation

Sarudzo yeaudio haisi iyo yakapusa uye iri nyore kukanganisa. Pamusoro pezvo, kutengwa kwemagudzanzwi akanaka kunoomeswa nehuwandu hukuru hwemidziyo yakaderera inowanikwa pamusika.

Muchipo chechitoro chedu iwe unowana akawanda anonakidza mazano. Pazasi pane rondedzero yemhando dzakasarudzika dzakakodzera kutarisisa. Uyezve, teerera kune zvigadzirwa zvekugadzirwa kwePoland, izvo chete mumaonero akawandisa zvakanyanya kuipa, asi mukuenzanisa zvakananga zvakanaka semagadzirirwo mazhinji ekunze.

• JBL

• Electro Voice

• FBT

• LD Systems

• Mackie

• LLC

• RCF

• TW Audio

Pazasi pane rondedzero inoshanda matipi, ayo anofanirwawo kutarisisa zvakanyanya kuti uzvidzivirire kubva pakutenga isina kunaka inonzwika system:

• Nhamba yemagudzanzwi mukoramu - fungidziro zvivakwa zvinowanzova nema tweeter akati wandei - piezoelectric, dzimwe nguva kunyange akasiyana. Gudzanzwi rakagadzirwa zvakanaka rinofanira kunge riine tweeter / mutyairi

• Simba rakawandisa (zvinogona kutaurwa zvine musoro kuti gudzanzwi duku, taura 8 ", haigoni kutora simba rakakwirira zvikuru re1000W.

• Iyo 15 "loudspeaker yakakodzera kune matatu-nzira dhizaini, kana kune maviri-nzira dhizaini pamwe nemutyairi ane simba (teerera kune mutyairi data). Panyaya yekugadzira nzira mbiri, unoda mutyairi ane simba, angangoita ane 2 ”outlet. Mutengo wemutyairi akadaro wakakwira, saka mutengo wemukurukuri unofanirwawo kunge wakakwira. Mapakeji akadai anoratidzirwa neruzha rwakatenderedzwa, treble yakasimudzwa uye bhendi rezasi, rakabviswa midrange.

• Kunyanya kutaurwa nemutengesi - chigadzirwa chakanaka chinozvidzivirira, zvakakoshawo kutsvaga mamwe maonero paInternet.

• Kuonekwa kusina kujairika (mavara akajeka, kuwedzera kujekesa uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa). Iyo midziyo inofanirwa kuve inoshanda, isingaonekwe. Isu tinofarira mutsindo uye kuvimbika, kwete zvinoonekwa uye mwenje. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa, zvisinei, kuti iyo package yekushandiswa neveruzhinji inofanirwa kutaridzika chaizvo.

• Hapana grilles kana chero rudzi rwekudzivirira kune vatauri. Midziyo yacho ichapfekwa, saka magudzanzwi anofanira kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka.

• Kumiswa kwerabha yakapfava mugudzanzwi = kushanda kwakaderera. Mutauriri akapfava ekumisa anoitirwa imba kana mota odhiyo. Vatauri vakaoma-kuturika chete ndivo vanoshandiswa mumidziyo yechikuva.

Comments